Abstract:
Counterrotating cam and follower apparatuses (C-CAFA) capable of converting reciprocating to rotational motion, and visa versa, utilizing counterrotating cams cooperating with at least one reciprocating cam follower. Apparatus cam counterrotation is ensured to be synchronously timed without necessity of prior art stationary geartrains, by and through apparatus cam follower(s) combining with counterrotating cam surfaces acting as moving follower constraints, provided that disclosed structural limitations, including those regarding cam and follower surface interface engineering slop, multiple degree of freedom cams, rotating and reciprocating follower(s), and electromechanical limitations are met when specified. Optional apparatus usages include reciprocating mass balancer, differential to reverse and or multiply shaft rotations, and apparatus combinations with connecting rods, pistons, cylinders, and or engines. “Adequacy of Constraint and Newtonian Force Analysis, Cam and Follower Surface Kinematical Analysis, and Electromagnetic Cam Analysis” are applied to various disclosed embodiments to teach making, using, and correlation of disclosed apparatus structure to function.
Abstract:
A rocker system comprising a summation lever and at least one valve actuating lever for use in a valve train of the type having two cams, a summation lever having followers engaging with both cams and a valve actuating lever pivotally connected to the summation lever for opening and closing an engine valve in dependence upon the sum of the lifts of the two cams, characterised in that the summation lever is assembled from opposed face plates and a separately formed hub.
Abstract:
In a hydraulic valve comprising a spool, one or more band-shape check valves and an enclosing bolt or snout, the check valve may be compressed to the point of excessive wear or failure and may impede spool movement. The problem outlined is solved by an inventive hydraulic valve for use with a cam phasing apparatus of an internal combustion engine. The hydraulic valve comprises a hollow bolt or snout, check valves, and a spool disposed inside the bolt while still being able to shift axially within the bolt. The bolt and spool are configured to provide fluid passageways between the spool and the cam phasing apparatus depending on a translational displacement of the spool. Furthermore, the spool is configured to allow an oil flow through the fluid passageway, yet limit a compression of the band-type check valves.
Abstract:
A valve mechanism for an internal combustion engine is provided with a cam that rotates in conjunction with rotation of a crankshaft, an engine valve that is lifted and opened along with rotation of the cam, a variable lift amount mechanism that is arranged between the cam and the engine valve and varies the maximum amount of lift of the engine valve, and a lost motion mechanism that is arranged between the cam and the engine valve and absorbs the amount of lift of the engine valve by contracting when drive force is received from the cam to maintain a closed state of the engine valve. The maximum amount of contraction of the lost motion mechanism is set to such a value that the lost motion mechanism absorbs the minimum value of the maximum lift amount of the engine valve.
Abstract:
An internal combustion engine includes a camshaft with a lobe rotatable about a camshaft axis and a follower and which follows the lobe and is reciprocated along a follower axis by the lobe. A contact force is generated between the lobe and the follower such that the contact force is cyclic between a minimum contact force and a maximum contact force. The follower axis is offset from the camshaft axis such that the lobe contacts the follower at a contact point that is substantially aligned with the follower axis when the maximum contact force is generated between the lobe and the follower. In this way, the side load on the follower is minimized.
Abstract:
A mechanical system comprising: a tappet, including a body; an insert mounted in the body; a pin extending along a first axis; and a roller element movable in rotation relative to the pin around the first axis. The insert supports the pin, while the body supports the insert, along at least one first direction parallel to a second axis which is perpendicular to the first axis. The mechanical system can be integrated into an injection pump and/or a valve actuator.
Abstract:
A mechanical system, comprising a tappet including a body, a support element defining two bores centered on a first axis, a pin comprising two opposite ends each adapted to be fitted in one of the two bores, and a roller element positioned between the two bores along the first axis and movable in rotation relative to the pin around the first axis. The support element is distinct from the body and fixed thereto, and the support element also comprises at least one antirotation device integrally formed thereto. The mechanical system can be integrated into an injection pump and/or a valve actuator.
Abstract:
A diagnostic method comprising the steps of: first sampling exhaust gas; implementing a forced change of engine operating condition; second sampling exhaust gas associated with said change at a delay after initiating said change, said second sampling being at a location corresponding to said delay; and comparing said first sampling and second sampling to detect a change in exhaust constituents.
Abstract:
A rocker arm for engaging a cam in a valve actuation arrangement includes a latch pin assembly having includes a latch pin, retainer, and biasing mechanism. The latch pin has a pin body with a head and a tail at the second end; the body defining an open volume; the tail having an open mouth in communication with the open volume of the body; and the open volume having a non-circular cross-section. The retainer has a male engagement portion and an outer portion. The male engagement portion is within the open volume of the body through the open mouth. The male engagement portion has a non-circular cross section. The outer portion is non-removably secured to an outer arm of the rocker arm. The biasing mechanism is oriented in the open volume of the body and between and against the latch pin and the retainer.
Abstract:
In a valve drive train device for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle including at least one cam element which is mounted in a rotationally and axially displaceable manner and is provided for actuating at least one gas exchange valve, and at least one gate element which has at least one switch gate for valve lift switching, the switch gate being provided for converting a rotational movement of the cam element into an axial displacement movement of the cam element, a support element is connected to the cam element in a rotationally fixed manner and has at least one limiting structure for limiting the axial displacement movement of the cam element and the gate element is mounted in a rotationally fixed manner but is axially movable for the valve lift switching,