Abstract:
Embodiments are directed to a method of programming a semiconductor memory device, the memory device including: a plurality of memory cell transistors arranged in a plurality of transistor strings; a plurality of word lines, each word line connected to a corresponding memory cell transistor of each of the transistor strings; and a plurality of bit lines, each bit line connected to at least one of the transistor strings, the method comprising: applying a first voltage, and then applying a programming voltage to a selected word line corresponding to the selected memory cell transistor; and in advance of applying the first voltage to the selected word line, applying a second voltage to at least one neighboring word line that neighbors the selected word line, the neighboring word line connected to a neighboring, unselected memory cell transistor of the selected transistor string, to ensure precharging of a channel region of another, unselected transistor string between a first, unselected transistor of the unselected transistor string connected to the neighboring word line and a second, unselected transistor of the unselected transistor string connected to the selected word line, the first, unselected transistor neighboring the second, unselected transistor in the unselected transistor string.
Abstract:
A video encoding method and apparatus and a video decoding method and apparatus are provided. The video encoding method includes: prediction encoding in units of a coding unit as a data unit for encoding a picture, by using partitions determined based on a first partition mode and a partition level, so as to select a partition for outputting an encoding result from among the determined partitions; and encoding and outputting partition information representing a first partition mode and a partition level of the selected partition. The first partition mode represents a shape and directionality of a partition as a data unit for performing the prediction encoding on the coding unit, and the partition level represents a degree to which the coding unit is split into partitions for detailed motion prediction.
Abstract:
A cell array includes a semiconductor substrate including an active region comprising a first region, a second region, and a transition region, the second region being separated from the first region by the transition region, wherein a top surface of the second region is at a different level than a top surface of the first region. The cell array also includes a plurality of word lines crossing over the first region. The cell array also includes a selection line crossing over the active region, wherein at least a portion of the selection line is located over the transition region.
Abstract:
A nonvolatile memory device includes a string selection transistor, a plurality of memory cell transistors, and a ground selection transistor electrically connected in series to the string selection transistor and to the pluralities of memory cell transistors. First impurity layers are formed at boundaries of the channels and the source/drain regions of the memory cell transistors. The first impurity layers are doped with opposite conductivity type impurities relative to the source/drain regions of the memory cell transistors. Second impurity layers are formed at boundaries between a channel and a drain region of the string selection transistor and between a channel and a source region of the ground selection transistor. The second impurity layers are doped with the same conductivity type impurities as the first impurity layers and have a higher impurity concentration than the first impurity layers.
Abstract:
A vertical structure non-volatile memory device includes a channel region that vertically extends on a substrate. A memory cell string vertically extends on the substrate along a first wall of the channel regions, and includes at least one selection transistor and at least one memory cell. An impurity providing layer is disposed on a second wall of the channel region and includes impurities.
Abstract:
A cross-layer optimization method for controlling a bit rate of a video coder/decoder (codec) in video data transmission for wireless devices such as a wireless broadband (WiBro) system terminal that adapts to changing transmission/reception characteristics and usage. The method typically includes checking, by a sender, radio channel state information of a sender side and a receiver side; determining, by the sender, a transmission bit rate of a video codec by using the radio channel state information of the sender side; and adjusting, by the sender, the transmission bit rate of the video codec by using the radio channel state information of the receiver side when a communication network used by a receiver typically based on the type of a communication network being used by the sender.
Abstract:
A method and packaging machine for preparing rapidly disintegrating formulations for oral administration are disclosed. The present invention is characterized in that a powdery mixture including a pharmaceutically active ingredient and a sugar or a sugar alcohol powder is filled into a packaging material and, thereafter, the mixture, filled in the packaging material, is heated. The present invention can simply and economically prepare an oral formulation which undergoes rapid disintegration in the oral cavity and provides for high-quality administration to patients.
Abstract:
A system and method for performing a handover of a mobile station (MS) by considering Quality of Service (QoS) in a broadband mobile communication system. The method can include the steps of: receiving information about one or more neighbor base stations and reception strengths for the neighbor base stations from a Serving Radio Access System (RAS) currently communicating with the MS; extracting a value of a specific field from the received information about the neighbor base stations; combining the extracted value of the specific field with the reception strengths to thereby obtain combined values, and selecting a maximum value among the combined values; and transmitting a handover (handoff) request message to a base station corresponding to the selected maximum value. The system includes an MS that analyzes information about neighbor stations received in a Mobile Neighbor Base-station Advertisement (MOB_NBR_ADV) message to select a target RAS.
Abstract:
Nonvolatile memory devices and methods of making the same are described. A nonvolatile memory device includes a string selection transistor, a plurality of memory cell transistors, and a ground selection transistor electrically connected in series to the string selection transistor and to the pluralities of memory cell transistors. Each of the transistors includes a channel region and source/drain regions. First impurity layers are formed at boundaries of the channels and the source/drain regions of the memory cell transistors. The first impurity layers are doped with opposite conductivity type impurities relative to the source/drain regions of the memory cell transistors. Second impurity layers are formed at boundaries between a channel and a drain region of the string selection transistor and between a channel and a source region of the ground selection transistor. The second impurity layers are doped with the same conductivity type impurities as the first impurity layers and have a higher impurity concentration than the first impurity layers.
Abstract:
A non-volatile memory device includes a substrate having a first region and a second region. A first gate electrode is disposed on the first region. A multi-layered charge storage layer is interposed between the first gate electrode and the substrate, the multi-layered charge storage including a tunnel insulation, a trap insulation, and a blocking insulation layer which are sequentially stacked. A second gate electrode is placed on the substrate of the second region, the second gate electrode including a lower gate and an upper gate connected to a region of an upper surface of the lower gate. A gate insulation layer is interposed between the second gate electrode and the substrate. The first gate electrode and the upper gate of the second gate electrode comprise a same material.