Abstract:
A circuit that provides a rotating coefficient FIR filter with all necessary coefficient sets present at the same time, without the need for delay elements or devices providing for adjustable impedances is described. An input signal is sampled in round robin fashion by a plurality of sample and hold devices. The outputs of the sample and hold devices are connected to sets of impedance devices. Each set of impedance devices implements the coefficients of the desired frequency response of the filter. The impedance devices in each set are connected to the sample and hold devices in a different order from each other set, so that each set of impedance devices will produce the desired frequency response when a different one of the sampling circuits contains a new sample of the input signal. Switches connect the sets of impedance devices to an output, only one switch being closed at a time to provide the output signal.
Abstract:
The present application describes an apparatus and method for reducing distortion in a class-D amplifier. The power output section of the amplifier is driven by an adjusted PWM signal, rather than by a PWM signal created directly from the input analog signal. A reference output, designed to closely track the input analog signal, is compared to the amplifier output. The resulting difference is an error signal which is inverted and summed with a second analog signal corresponding to the directly created PWM signal and changes the timing of the voltage transitions of the second analog signal. The changed voltage transitions are used to create the adjusted PWM signal. The inversion of the error signal causes negative feedback which results in the adjustment of the PWM signal being in a direction which reduces the error signal and thus the distortion of the amplifier.
Abstract:
A method and system is disclosed for designing a radio for down-converting RF signals to IF signals by sampling the signals in a round-robin sampling circuit and multiplying the samples by coefficients that are changed at a fixed rate equal to the rate of operation of each of the sampling circuits. The circuit is able to down-convert multiple channels simultaneously to adjacent positions in the IF band, while rejecting unwanted image signals. The method and system avoids the difficulty and cost of directly digitizing the RF signal, allowing each component to operate at a greatly reduced speed. The coefficients are selected to provide the desired transfer function while keeping the output signal centered at a desired frequency.
Abstract:
A high quality DAC is provided for a lower cost (including the layout size of the circuit on an audio chip) of high end DACs. The DAC includes a first circuit configured to remove even harmonics from a sigma delta circuit, and a second circuit configured to remove odd harmonics.
Abstract:
An electronic device is provided such as an amplifier, for example, having improved gain and transconductance and low output impedance. The device includes a primary amplifier configured to carry an operating load. The primary amplifier includes an input for receiving an input signal, and an output for outputting an output signal, and operates having a variable output, as it carries an operational load. The device further includes a secondary amplifier configured to operate at a fixed operating condition, not burdened by carrying an operational load, and includes a secondary input configured to receive the input signal, wherein the secondary amplifier is configured to define the input voltage. The device is configured to detect a difference in operating current between the primary and secondary. amplifiers, and to compensate for any operational load that may be applied to the primary amplifier during operation.
Abstract:
A method and device are provided that allow computation of multiple modulus conversion (MMC) outputs using little or no division operations. Instead of division operations, multiplication and logical shift operations are used to produce pseudo-quotients and pseudo-remainders, which may be corrected in a final step to produce correct MMC outputs. This allows for more efficient implementation, since division is typically less efficient than multiplication and logical shift. The method and device operate on MMC inputs that may be partitioned into sub-quotients of varying numbers of digits in any numbering system. The multiplication and logical shift operations are performed on each of the sub-quotients according to a procedure derived from long-division techniques.
Abstract:
A differential input flash analog-to-digital converter in which an array of comparators is connected to compare reference signals within a parabolic distribution of such signals generated by the application of a differential input signal across an impedance network. Preferably, the comparator array comprises at least two pluralities of comparators, the first plurality of comparators comparing pairs of reference nodes separated by a first step size, and the second plurality of comparators comparing pairs of reference nodes separated by a second step size. Even more preferably, the comparator array further comprises a third plurality of comparators comparing pairs of reference nodes separated by a third step size, but only where necessary to maximize the available comparison range of the converter. The flash converter according to the invention provides increased gain from input without accumulation of comparator input currents and without sacrificing the number of actual comparisons of reference signals.
Abstract:
A method and device are provided that allow computation of multiple modulus conversion (MMC) outputs using little or no division operations. Instead of division operations, multiplication and logical shift operations are used to produce pseudo-quotients and pseudo-remainders, which may be corrected in a final step to produce correct MMC outputs. This allows for more efficient implementation, since division is typically less efficient than multiplication and logical shift. The method and device operate on MMC inputs that may be partitioned into sub-quotients of varying numbers of digits in any numbering system. The multiplication and logical shift operations are performed on each of the sub-quotients according to a procedure derived from long-division techniques.
Abstract:
An improved system and method for reducing the ambient noise experienced by a user listening to an earpiece without the use of a microphone is disclosed. An “ambient noise signal” created by the sound pressure wave of the ambient noise acting on the earpiece transducer is obtained. In some embodiments, the ambient noise signal is inverted and fed back, and the inverted signal is added to the intended audio signal being sent to the earpiece so that the ambient noise is cancelled. In other embodiments, a processor receives the ambient noise signal and predicts the modification to the intended audio signal needed to counteract the ambient noise. The ambient noise signal may be obtained by comparing the actual signal across the earpiece transducer to the intended audio signal, or by detecting variations in the current across the transducer from the current generated to drive the transducer.
Abstract:
A circuit and method is disclosed for filtering an audio signal. The circuit has a first quadrature source and multipliers for multiplying the input signal by the I and Q outputs of the quadrature source. The multiplied inputs are then passed through a pair of low pass filters, which may have an adjustable Q factor. The outputs of the low pass filters are then multiplied in a second pair of multipliers by the I and Q outputs, respectively, of a second quadrature source, which will typically be of the same frequency, but different amplitude and phase, of the first quadrature source. The twice-multiplied signals are then summed by an adder to provide an output signal. The circuit may be modified to include a companding circuit between the low pass filters and the second pair of multipliers that determines the amplitude of the input signal, filters it, and compands the signal in a compandor. The compandor may have adjustable parameters. The circuit thus allows for far greater flexibility and control of the processing of the input signal than prior art circuits.