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    Catalytic two-stage coal hydrogenation process using extinction recycle of heavy liquid fraction
    11.
    发明授权
    Catalytic two-stage coal hydrogenation process using extinction recycle of heavy liquid fraction 失效
    催化两阶段煤炭加氢工艺采用重质液体馏分的消光循环

    公开(公告)号：US4874506A

    公开(公告)日：1989-10-17

    申请号：US109646

    申请日：1987-10-16

    Applicant: James B. MacArthur ,  Alfred G. Comolli ,  Joseph B. McLean

    Inventor： James B. MacArthur ,  Alfred G. Comolli ,  Joseph B. McLean

    IPC: C10G65/10 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10G1/06

    CPC classification number: C10G1/002 ,  C10G1/006

    Abstract: A process for catalytic two-stage hydrogenation and liquefaction of coal with selective extinction recycle of all heavy liquid fractions boiling above a distillation cut point of about 600.degree.-750.degree. F. to produce increased yields of low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid and gas products. In the process, the particulate coal feed is slurried with a process-derived liquid solvent normally boiling above about 650.degree. F. and fed into a first stage catalytic reaction zone operated at conditions which promote controlled rate liquefaction of the coal, while simultaneously hydrogenating the hydrocarbon recycle oils. The first stage reactor is maintained at 710.degree.-800.degree. F. temperature, 1000-4000 psig hydrogen partial pressure, and 10-90 lb/hr per ft.sup.3 catalyst space velocity. Partially hydrogenated material withdrawn from the first stage reaction zone is passed directly to the second stage catalytic reaction zone maintained at 760.degree.-860.degree. F. temperature for further hydrogenation and hydroconversion reactions. A 600.degree.-750.degree. F..sup.+ fraction containing 0-20 W % unreacted coal and ash solids is recycled to the coal slurrying step. If desired, the cut point lower boiling fraction can be further catalytically hydrotreated. By this process, the coal feed is successively catalytically hydrogenated and hydroconverted at selected conditions, to provide significantly increased yields of desirable low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid products and minimal production of hydrocarbon gases, and no net production of undesirable heavy oils and residuum materials.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于催化两步氢化和液化煤的方法，其中所有重馏分循环的所有重液体馏分沸点高于蒸馏馏分约600-750°F，以产生低沸点烃液体和气体产物的产率。 在此过程中，颗粒状煤进料与通常沸点高于约650°F的工艺衍生的液体溶剂混合，并进料到在促进煤的受控速率液化的条件下操作的第一级催化反应区，同时使 烃循环油。 第一级反应器保持在710°-8°F温度，1000-4000psig氢分压和10-90lb / hr / ft 3催化剂空速。 从第一级反应区取出的部分氢化物质直接通入保持在760°-860°F温度的第二级催化反应区，进一步氢化和加氢转化反应。 含有0-20W％未反应煤和灰分固体的600°-750°F +级分再循环到煤浆化步骤中。 如果需要，切点低沸点馏分可进一步催化加氢处理。 通过这个过程，煤炭进料在选定的条件下依次进行催化氢化和加氢转化，以提供所需低沸点烃液体产物的显着提高的产率和最少量的烃类气体的产生，并且不产生不需要的重油和渣油。

    Process for upgrading coal pyrolysis oils
    12.
    发明授权
    Process for upgrading coal pyrolysis oils 有权
    煤热解油改质工艺

    公开(公告)号：US08252169B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-08-28

    申请号：US12316611

    申请日：2008-12-16

    Applicant: James B. MacArthur ,  James J. Colyar ,  John E. Duddy

    Inventor： James B. MacArthur ,  James J. Colyar ,  John E. Duddy

    IPC: C10G65/02 ,  C10G65/12

    CPC classification number: C10G1/002 ,  C10G65/04 ,  C10G65/06 ,  C10G65/12 ,  C10G2300/1022 ,  C10G2300/1044 ,  C10G2300/107 ,  C10G2300/202 ,  C10G2300/301 ,  C10G2300/4081

    Abstract: This invention utilizes a novel method and set of operating conditions to efficiently and economically process a potentially very fouling hydrocarbon feedstock. A multi-stage catalytic process for the upgrading of coal pyrolysis oils is developed. Coal Pyrolysis Oils are highly aromatic, olefinic, unstable, contain objectionable sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen contaminants, and may contain coal solids which will plug fixed-bed reactors. The pyrolysis oil is fed with hydrogen to a multi-stage ebullated-bed hydrotreater and hydrocracker containing a hydrogenation or hydrocracking catalyst to first stabilize the feed at low temperature and is then fed to downstream reactor(s) at higher temperatures to further treat and hydrocrack the pyrolysis oils to a more valuable syncrude or to finished distillate products. The relatively high heat of reaction is used to provide the energy necessary to increase the temperature of the subsequent stage thus eliminating the need for additional external heat input. A refined heavy oil product stream is recycled to the fresh feed to minimize feedstock fouling of heat exchangers and feed heaters.

    Abstract translation: 本发明利用新颖的方法和一组操作条件来有效和经济地处理可能非常结垢的烃原料。 开发了用于改进煤热解油的多阶段催化方法。 煤热解油是高度芳香族的，烯烃的，不稳定的，含有令人反感的硫，氮和氧污染物，并且可能含有将固定床反应堆堵塞的煤固体。 将热解油用氢气加入到含有氢化或加氢裂化催化剂的多级沸腾床加氢处理器和加氢裂化器中，以在低温下首先稳定进料，然后在较高温度下进料至下游反应器以进一步处理和加氢裂化 热解油更有价值的syncrude或成品馏出物。 相对较高的反应热用于提供增加后续阶段的温度所需的能量，从而消除了额外的外部热量输入的需要。 精炼的重油产品流被再循环到新鲜饲料中以最小化热交换器和饲料加热器的原料污染。

    Two-stage co-processing of coal/oil feedstocks
    13.
    发明授权
    Two-stage co-processing of coal/oil feedstocks 失效
    煤/油原料两阶段协同处理

    公开(公告)号：US4853111A

    公开(公告)日：1989-08-01

    申请号：US889587

    申请日：1986-07-25

    Applicant: James B. MacArthur ,  Joseph B. McLean ,  Alfred G. Comolli

    Inventor： James B. MacArthur ,  Joseph B. McLean ,  Alfred G. Comolli

    IPC: C10G1/00

    CPC classification number: C10G1/006

    Abstract: A process for two-stage catalytic co-processing of coal and heavy petroleum hydrocarbon liquid fractions to produce increased yields of low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid and gas products. In the process, the particulate coal is slurried with a petroleum residuum and optionally with a process-derived hydrocarbon liquid solvent and fed into a first stage catalytic reaction zone operated at relatively mild conditions which promote controlled rate liquefaction of the coal while simultaneously hydrogenating the petroleum and hydrocarbon recycle oils at conditions favoring hydrogenation reactions. The first stage reactor is maintained at 650.degree.-800.degree. F. temperature, 1000-4000 psig hydrogen partial pressure and 10-100 lb/hr/ft.sup.3 space velocity for the total coal and oil feed. From the first stage reaction zone, the partially hydrogenated effluent material is passed directly to the close-coupled second stage catalytic reaction zone maintained at more severe conditions of 750.degree.-900.degree. F. temperature for further catalytic; and hydrogenation and hydroconversion reactions. By this process, the blended coal and petroleum feed materials are successively catalytically hydrogenated and hydroconverted at the selected conditions, which results in significantly increased yields of desirable low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid products and minimal production of undesirable residuum and unconverted coal and hydrocarbon gases, while catalyst life is substantially increased.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于煤和重质石油烃液体馏分两阶段催化共处理以产生低沸点烃液体和气体产物的产量的方法。 在此过程中，颗粒煤用石油残渣和任选地与工艺衍生的烃类液体溶剂一起制浆，并进料到在相对温和的条件下运行的第一级催化反应区，这促进了煤的控制速率液化同时使石油 以及在有利于氢化反应的条件下的烃循环油。 第一级反应器保持在650-800°F的温度，1000-4000 psig的氢气分压和10-100 lb / hr / ft 3的空速，用于总煤和油的进料。 从第一阶段反应区，将部分氢化的废液直接送入紧密耦合的第二级催化反应区，保持在更苛刻的条件下，在750-900°F的温度下进一步催化; 和氢化和加氢转化反应。 通过该过程，混合的煤和石油原料在选定的条件下被依次催化氢化和加氢转化，这导致所需的低沸点烃液体产物的产量显着提高，并且产生不希望的残渣和未转化的煤和烃气体的产生少，而 催化剂寿命显着增加。

    Direct coal liquefaction with integrated product hydrotreating and catalyst cascading
    14.
    发明授权
    Direct coal liquefaction with integrated product hydrotreating and catalyst cascading 有权
    直接煤液化与综合产品加氢处理和催化剂级联

    公开(公告)号：US08226821B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-07-24

    申请号：US12583276

    申请日：2009-08-19

    Applicant: James B MacArthur ,  John E Duddy

    Inventor： James B MacArthur ,  John E Duddy

    IPC: C10G1/08 ,  C10G1/06

    CPC classification number: C10G1/02 ,  C10G1/002 ,  C10G1/06 ,  C10G1/08 ,  C10G1/086 ,  C10G45/04 ,  C10G45/16

    Abstract: A multi-stage catalytic process for the direct liquefaction of coal is utilized with a hydrotreater to first liquefy and subsequently treat the product in one integrated process. A fresh hydrogenation catalyst is used to reduce heteroatoms (S, N) from coal liquids in the downstream hydrotreater. This catalyst is then cascaded and re-used in the direct coal liquefaction process, first in the low temperature Stage 1, and then re-used in the high temperature Stage 2. Coal liquid products have very low contaminants and can be readily used to produce gasoline and diesel fuel. Catalyst requirements are substantially lowered utilizing this novel process.

    Abstract translation: 用于直接液化煤的多阶段催化方法与加氢处理器一起利用，以首先在一个整合过程中液化并随后处理该产物。 使用新鲜的氢化催化剂从下游加氢处理机中的煤液中还原杂原子（S，N）。 然后将该催化剂级联并在直接煤液化过程中重新使用，首先在低温阶段1中，然后在高温阶段2中重新使用。煤液体产物具有非常低的污染物并且可以容易地用于生产 汽油和柴油燃料。 利用这种新颖的方法，催化剂需求大大降低。

    Method for presulfiding and preconditioning of residuum hydroconversion catalyst
    16.
    发明授权
    Method for presulfiding and preconditioning of residuum hydroconversion catalyst 有权
    渣油加氢转化催化剂的预硫化和预处理方法

    公开(公告)号：US06291391B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-09-18

    申请号：US09190314

    申请日：1998-11-12

    Applicant: James B. MacArthur

    Inventor： James B. MacArthur

    IPC: B01J2034

    CPC classification number: C10G49/02 ,  B01J23/85 ,  B01J27/049 ,  B01J37/20

    Abstract: An improved method is described for presulfiding and preconditioning a residuum hydrotreating or hydrocracking catalyst as an integrated part of the hydroconversion process in which catalyst is added on-stream intermittently or continuously without interruption of the hydroconversion process. The method is used to condition, activate, or presulfide fresh or regenerated catalyst prior to its addition to the hydroconversion reactor utilizing product streams from the hydroconversion process.

    Abstract translation: 描述了一种改进的方法，用于预干燥和预处理残渣加氢处理或加氢裂化催化剂作为加氢转化方法的一体化部分，其中催化剂间歇地或连续地加入催化剂，而不中断加氢转化过程。 该方法用于在使用来自加氢转化方法的产物流加入加氢转化反应器之前，调节，活化或预硫化的新鲜或再生催化剂。

    Catalytic two-stage coal hydrogenation and hydroconversion process
    17.
    发明授权
    Catalytic two-stage coal hydrogenation and hydroconversion process 失效
    催化两阶段煤炭加氢和加氢转化过程

    公开(公告)号：US4842719A

    公开(公告)日：1989-06-27

    申请号：US876307

    申请日：1986-06-18

    Applicant: James B. MacArthur ,  Joseph B. McLean ,  Alfred G. Comolli

    Inventor： James B. MacArthur ,  Joseph B. McLean ,  Alfred G. Comolli

    IPC: C10G1/00

    CPC classification number: C10G1/006

    Abstract: A process for two-stage catalytic hydrogenation and liquefaction of coal to produce increased yields of low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid and gas products. In the process, the particulate coal is slurried with a process-derived liquid solvent and fed at temperature below about 650.degree. F. into a first stage catalytic reaction zone operated at conditions which promote controlled rate liquefaction of the coal, while simultaneously hydrogenating the hydrocarbon recycle oils at conditions favoring hydrogenation reactions. The first stage reactor is maintained at 650.degree.-800.degree. F. temperature, 1000-4000 psig hydrogen partial pressure, and 10-60 lb coal/hr/ft.sup.3 reactor space velocity. The partially hydrogenated material from the first stage reaction zone is passed directly to the close-coupled second stage catalytic reaction zone maintained at a temperature at least about 25.degree. F. higher than for the first stage reactor and within a range of 750.degree.-875.degree. F. temperature for further hydrogenation and thermal hydroconversion reactions. By this process, the coal feed is successively catalytically hydrogenated and hydroconverted at selected conditions, which results in significantly increased yields of desirable low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid products and minimal production of undesirable residuum and unconverted coal and hydrocarbon gases, with use of less energy to obtain the low molecular weight products, while catalyst life is substantially increased.

    Abstract translation: 一种两阶段催化氢化和液化煤的方法，以产生低沸点烃液体和气体产物的产量。 在该过程中，颗粒状煤用工艺衍生的液体溶剂浆化并在低于约650°F的温度下进料到在促进煤的受控速率液化的条件下操作的第一级催化反应区，同时使烃 循环油在有利于氢化反应的条件下。 第一级反应器保持在650-800°F的温度，1000-4000psig的氢气分压和10-60磅煤/小时/立方米的反应器空间速度。 来自第一级反应区的部分氢化的物质直接通入保持在比第一级反应器高至少约25°F的温度的紧耦合的第二级催化反应区，并且在750°-875的范围内 温度进一步氢化和热加氢转化反应。 通过这个过程，煤炭进料在选择的条件下依次进行催化氢化和加氢转化，这导致所需的低沸点烃液体产物的产量显着提高，并且不需要的残渣和未转化的煤和碳氢化合物气体的产生量减少， 获得低分子量产物，而催化剂寿命显着增加。

    Reduction of greenhouse gas emission from petroleum refineries
    19.
    发明授权
    Reduction of greenhouse gas emission from petroleum refineries 有权
    减少炼油厂的温室气体排放

    公开(公告)号：US08057773B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-11-15

    申请号：US12655243

    申请日：2009-12-28

    Applicant: James B. MacArthur ,  James J. Colyar

    Inventor： James B. MacArthur ,  James J. Colyar

    IPC: C01B31/20 ,  C01B3/24 ,  C01B3/26

    CPC classification number: C01B3/384 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/0405 ,  C01B2203/0415 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/06 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0827 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/145 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  C01B2203/148 ,  Y02P30/30

    Abstract: The invention described herein relates to a novel process that eliminates the need for post combustion CO2 capture from fired heaters (at atmospheric pressure and in dilute phase) in a petroleum refinery to achieve environmental targets by capturing CO2 in a centralized facility and providing fuel gas low in carbon to the fired heaters. It combines the pre-combustion capture of carbon dioxide with production of a hydrogen fuel source within a refinery to drastically reduce the carbon dioxide emissions of the plant. The hydrogen fuel is utilized for the process fired heaters and the fuel quality (carbon content) can be set to meet the refinery's emissions objectives. Moreover, the carbon dioxide captured can be sequestered and/or utilized for enhanced oil recovery (EOR).

    Abstract translation: 本文所述的发明涉及一种新的方法，其消除了在炼油厂中从燃烧的加热器（在大气压和在稀相中）捕集后燃烧的需要，以通过在集中式设备中捕获CO 2并提供低的燃料气体来实现环境目标 在燃烧的加热器的碳。 它将二氧化碳的燃烧前捕获与炼油厂内的氢燃料源的生产相结合，大大减少了工厂的二氧化碳排放。 氢燃料用于过程燃烧加热器，燃料质量（碳含量）可以设定为满足炼油厂的排放目标。 此外，捕获的二氧化碳可以隔离和/或用于增强采油（EOR）。

    Catalytic two-stage liquefaction of coal utilizing cascading of used ebullated-bed catalyst
    20.
    发明授权
    Catalytic two-stage liquefaction of coal utilizing cascading of used ebullated-bed catalyst 失效
    利用二次沸腾床催化剂的级联催化二阶段液化

    公开(公告)号：US4816141A

    公开(公告)日：1989-03-28

    申请号：US109645

    申请日：1987-10-16

    Applicant: Joseph B. McLean ,  Alfred G. Comolli ,  James B. MacArthur

    Inventor： Joseph B. McLean ,  Alfred G. Comolli ,  James B. MacArthur

    IPC: C10G65/10 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10G1/06 ,  C10G1/08

    CPC classification number: C10G1/006

    Abstract: A multi-stage catalytic process for hydrogenation and liquefaction of coal using ebullated-bed catalytic reactors to produce low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid products, in which used catalyst is removed from a lower temperature first stage reactor operating at temperature not exceeding about 800.degree. F. and cascaded forward to a higher temperature second stage reactor for further use therein. Reaction conditions in the first stage reactor are preferably 700.degree.-800.degree. F. temperature, 1000-4000 psig hydrogen partial pressure, and a coal feed rate of 10-90 lb coal/hr per ft.sup.3 catalyst settled volume in the reactor. Useful higher temperature or second stage reaction conditions are 750.degree.-850.degree. F. temperature, and 1000-4000 psig hydrogen partial pressure. The used catalyst withdrawn from the lower temperature of first stage reactor has a catalyst age of 300-3000 lb coal proceses/lb fresh catalyst, and is transferred forward to the higher temperature second stage reactor for further use to catalyst age of 1000-6000 lb coal processed per lb fresh catalyst. If desired, a higher temperature third catalytic reactor can be provided and used catalyst from the second stage reactor cascaded forward into the third reactor for further use therein. Useful catalysts include metal oxides of cobalt, iron, molybdenum, nickel, tin, or tungsten deposited on a base of alumina, magnesia, silica, or titania, with cobalt moly and nickel moly on alumina catalyst being preferred. This process advantageously requires a smaller quantity of fresh catalyst per ton of coal processed to produce the low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid products.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于使用沸腾床催化反应器来加氢和液化煤的多阶段催化方法，用于生产低沸点烃液体产物，其中使用的催化剂在不超过约800°F的温度下操作的较低温度的第一级反应器中除去。 并级联到较高温度的第二级反应器中以便在其中进一步使用。 第一级反应器中的反应条件优选为700-800°F的温度，1000-4000psig的氢分压，以及在反应器中的10-90lb煤/小时/ ft 3催化剂沉降体积的煤进料速率。 有用的较高温度或第二阶段反应条件为750-850°F的温度和1000-4000 psig的氢分压。 从第一阶段反应器的较低温度取出的使用催化剂的催化剂年龄为300-3000磅煤/ lb新鲜催化剂，并转移到较高温度的第二阶段反应器中进一步用于催化剂年龄为1000-6000磅 每磅新鲜催化剂加工煤。 如果需要，可以提供更高温度的第三催化反应器，并将来自第二级反应器的催化剂用于向前进入第三反应器以供其进一步使用。 有用的催化剂包括沉积在氧化铝，氧化镁，二氧化硅或二氧化钛的基体上的钴，铁，钼，镍，锡或钨的金属氧化物，优选钴钼和镍钼氧化铝催化剂。 该方法有利地需要每吨处理生产低沸点烃液体产品的较少量的新鲜催化剂。

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