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    Reticle calibrated diameter gauge
    11.
    发明授权
    Reticle calibrated diameter gauge 失效
    标线校准直径规

    公开(公告)号：US4043673A

    公开(公告)日：1977-08-23

    申请号：US566413

    申请日：1975-04-09

    Applicant: David E. Harris ,  Robert M. Watson ,  John D. Redmyer

    Inventor： David E. Harris ,  Robert M. Watson ,  John D. Redmyer

    IPC: G01B11/02 ,  G01B11/10

    CPC classification number: G01B11/105 ,  G01B11/02

    Abstract: A non-contact optical gauging device in which a laser beam is deflected to produce a bidirectional scan. The beam is split; a measuring portion scans an object being inspected while the other portion scans a calibration reticle having alternating opaque and transparent bands. The alternating transmission and ocultation of the beam through the reticle is used to generate calibration pulses, each representing a predetermined increment of movement of the calibration beam. Ocultation of the measuring beam by the object being measured generates a signal which is used to control counting of the calibration pulses as an indication of the dimension being measured. Bidirectional averaging is employed to minimize errors due to object motion in the direction of beam scanning. Variations are disclosed in which two measuring beams and one or two calibration beams, are employed for measuring large objects or for dual axis measurement, the latter by orthogonal projection onto the object being measured.

    Abstract translation: 一种非接触光学测量装置，其中激光束被偏转以产生双向扫描。 梁分裂; 测量部分扫描被检查的物体，而另一部分扫描具有交替的不透明和透明带的校准掩模版。 使用通过掩模版的光束的交替传播和观察产生校准脉冲，每个校准脉冲表示校准光束的预定的移动增量。 通过被测量的物体观测测量波长产生一个信号，该信号用于控制校准脉冲的计数，作为测量尺寸的指示。 采用双向平均来最小化由于在光束扫描的方向上的物体运动引起的误差。 公开了两个测量光束和一个或两个校准光束用于测量大对象或双轴测量的变化，后者通过正被投影到被测量物体上。

    Process for labeling single-stranded nucleic acids and hybridizaiton probes
    17.
    发明授权
    Process for labeling single-stranded nucleic acids and hybridizaiton probes 失效
    标记单链核酸和杂交探针的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4822731A

    公开(公告)日：1989-04-18

    申请号：US819490

    申请日：1986-01-09

    Applicant: Robert M. Watson ,  Edward L. Sheldon, III ,  Richard M. Snead

    Inventor： Robert M. Watson ,  Edward L. Sheldon, III ,  Richard M. Snead

    IPC: C07H21/04 ,  C07D493/04 ,  C07H21/00 ,  C12Q1/68

    CPC classification number: C07H21/00 ,  Y10S436/827

    Abstract: Nucleic acids may be labeled by complexing the alkylating moiety of a labeling reagent into a single-stranded nucleic acid to form a complex and activating the complex to cause covalent bonding between the reagent and the nucleic acid. Preferably, the labeled nucleic acid is a single-stranded hybridization probe for detecting nucleic acid sequences capable of hybridizing with a hybridizing region of the nucleic acid. Also preferably the label moiety is non-radioactive. The labeling reagent is of the formula:[A--[B--Lwhere A is an alkylating moiety, B is a divalent organic moiety of the formula: ##STR1## where Y is O, NH or N--CHO, x is a number from 1 to 4, y is a number from 2 to 4, and L is a monovalent label moiety, wherein B is exclusive of any portion of the alkylating and label moieties.Preferably A is a 4-methylene-substituted psoralen moiety, and most preferably A is a 4'-methylene-substituted-4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen moiety and L is biotin.

    Abstract translation: 可以通过将标记试剂的烷基化部分络合成单链核酸以形成复合物并激活复合物以引起试剂和核酸之间的共价键来标记核酸。 优选地，标记的核酸是用于检测能够与核酸的杂交区域杂交的核酸序列的单链杂交探针。 还优选地，标记部分是非放射性的。 标记试剂具有下式：[A- [BL其中A是烷基化部分，B是下式的二价有机部分：其中Y是O，NH或N-CHO，x是1的数 至4，y为2至4的数，L为单价标记部分，其中B不包括烷基化和标记部分的任何部分。 优选A是4-亚甲基取代的补骨脂素部分，最优选A是4'-亚甲基取代的-4,5'，8-三甲基肉豆蔻酸酯部分，L是生物素。

    Sensor position independent material property determination using radiant energy
    18.
    发明授权
    Sensor position independent material property determination using radiant energy 失效
    传感器位置独立材料性质测定采用辐射能

    公开(公告)号：US4276480A

    公开(公告)日：1981-06-30

    申请号：US80112

    申请日：1979-09-28

    Applicant: Robert M. Watson

    Inventor： Robert M. Watson

    IPC: G01B11/06 ,  G01N21/86

    CPC classification number: G01B11/0691 ,  G01B11/0608 ,  G01B2210/42 ,  G01B2210/44 ,  G01B2210/46

    Abstract: A radiant energy method and apparatus is used to determine a property such as thickness or weight per unit area of a material (14 or 40 or 170 or 238), e.g., a sheet, that is located or moving generally in a predetermined spatial relation to a first reference position (16a or 40a or 56a). A second reference position (22, 56 or 230) is defined. A sensor means (18 or 44; or 102, 112, 106 and 108; or 150, 154 and 158; or 214 and 216; or 236, 242 and 244) responds to a condition of the material. The relation of the sensor response to the material property is susceptible to change with changes in the distance relationship of the sensor means and one of the reference positions or the material. There is produced a distance response (26 or D.sub.2 (x) or 110 and 110 ' or .tau..sub.1 and .tau.'.sub.1 or D.sub.2 (.tau.) or D.sub.2 or 236, 236' or 258, 258') to changes in the distance from the sensor means to one of the reference positions. The distance response is systematically related (e.g., by a computer 32 or 76 or 124 or 126 and 128) to the sensor response so as to produce a material property response (34 or t(x) or S+.DELTA.S or S+.DELTA..sub.1 S+.DELTA..sub.2 S) with substantially decreased susceptibility to change with the changes in the distance relationship.

    Abstract translation: 使用辐射能量方法和装置来确定材料（14或40或170或238）的每单位面积的厚度或重量的属性，例如片材，其通常以预定的空间关系定位或移动 第一参考位置（16a或40a或56a）。 定义第二参考位置（22,56或230）。 传感器装置（18或44;或102,112,106和108;或150,154和158;或214和216;或236,242和244）响应材料的状况。 传感器响应与材料特性的关系随着传感器装置与参考位置之一或材料的距离关系的变化而变化。 产生距离响应（26或D2（x）或110和110'或tau 1和tau'1或D2（tau）或D2或236,236'或258,258'）的距离响应 传感器装置到其中一个参考位置。 距离响应与传感器响应系统地相关（例如，由计算机32或76或124或126和128），以便产生材料特性响应（34或t（x）或S + DELTA S或S + DELTA 1S + DELTA 2S），随着距离关系的变化，易变化的敏感性显着降低。

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