Abstract:
Magnetic composites exhibit distinct flux properties due to gradient interfaces. Such composites can be used, for example, to improve fuel cells and batteries and to effect transport and separation of different chemical species, such as transition metal species (lanthanides and actinides). A variety of devices can be made utilizing the composites, including a separator, an electrode for channeling flux of magnetic species, an electrode for effecting electrolysis of magnetic species, a system for channeling electrolyte species, a system for separating particles with different magnetic susceptibilities, as well as improved fuel cells, batteries, and oxygen concentrators. Various magnetic composites can be used, for example, to make a separator for distinguishing between two chemical species, to form a flux switch to regulate the flow of a chemical species, to control chemical species transport and distribution, to produce rechargeable batteries having longer secondary cycle life and improved output power, and to enable the production of ambient pressure fuel cells having enhanced performance and reduced weight.
Abstract:
Magnetic composites exhibit distinct flux properties due to gradient interfaces. The composites can be used to improve fuel cells and batteries and effect transport and separation of different chemical species. Devices utilizing the composites include an electrode and improved fuel cells, batteries. Some composites, disposed on the surface of electrodes, prevent passivation of those electrodes and enable direct reformation of liquid fuels. Methods involving these composites provide distinct ways for these composites to be utilized.
Abstract:
Magnetic composites exhibit distinct flux properties due to gradient interfaces. The composites can be used to improve fuel cells and batteries and effect transport and separation of different species of materials, for example, transition metal species such as lanthanides and actinides. A variety of devices can be made utilizing the composites including a separator, an electrode for channeling flux of magnetic species, an electrode for effecting electrolysis of magnetic species, a system for channeling electrolyte species, a system for separating particles with different magnetic susceptibilities, improved fuel cells, batteries, and oxygen concentrators. Some composites can be used to make a separator for distinguishing between two species of materials and a flux switch to regulate the flow of a chemical species. Some composites can control chemical species transport and distribution. Other composites enable ambient pressure fuel cells having enhanced performance and reduced weight to be produced. Still other composites enable rechargeable batteries to be made that have longer secondary cycle life and improved output power. Methods involving these composites provide distinct ways for these composites to be utilized.