公开(公告)号：US4083638A

公开(公告)日：1978-04-11

申请号：US739902

申请日：1976-11-08

Applicant: Harold E. Sandrock ,  Morris W. Leen ,  Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Harold E. Sandrock ,  Morris W. Leen ,  Edward W. Stark

IPC: G01N33/48 ,  B01F13/00 ,  B01F15/02 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N35/04 ,  G01N1/10

CPC classification number: G01N21/03 ,  B01F13/002 ,  B01F15/0205 ,  B01F15/0212 ,  B01F15/0226 ,  B01F15/026 ,  B01F13/0059 ,  G01N2021/0346 ,  G01N2035/0436

Abstract: A multichamber cuvette for maintaining in independent and separate condition at least two reactants until such time that it is desired to mix them for reaction with each other and a reactant liquid sample for analysis in the cuvette. There is provided a cuvette body of a suitable plastic defining at least two chambers interconnected by a passageway of relatively small cross section having at least the end portions thereof of capillary size to prevent under many circumstances, as by surface tension, accidental mixture of liquid reactants in the chambers. If there is a substantial head of liquid in one chamber and/or a risk of impact of the cuvette with an external foreign object, sufficient to break such surface tension, an air lock in the passageway when the latter is below the liquid levels in the chambers prevents such accidental mixture. A baffle in the passageway enhances separation of liquids and/or solid substances in the chambers. The chambers are open-topped, and a unitary probe-wiping multi-ply laminated cover of a type puncturable by a probe extends over the chambers closing them from the external environment. The laminated cover tends to be self-closing with reference to such punctures. One ply is of metal foil to act as a vapor seal and has an undercoating of a heat sealable material compatible with the body material and sealed thereto. The top ply is of a moisture-absorbent material which is secured to the foil ply by an intermediate plastic ply.

Abstract translation: 一种多室试管，用于在独立和分离的条件下维持至少两种反应物，直到需要将它们混合以进行反应以及在反应杯中分析的反应物液体样品。 提供了一种合适塑料的试管体，其限定了至少两个腔室，通过相对较小横截面的通道相互连接，至少具有毛细管尺寸的端部，以防止在许多情况下，如表面张力，液体反应物的意外混合 在房间里 如果在一个室中存在大量液体，和/或存在具有外部异物的比色皿冲击的风险，足以破坏该表面张力，则在通道中的气密度低于通道中的液位时 室防止这种意外混合。 通道中的挡板增强了腔室中液体和/或固体物质的分离。 这些室是敞开式的，并且由探针穿刺的类型的单层探针擦拭多层叠层盖在从外部环境封闭它们的室上延伸。 参考这种穿孔，层压罩倾向于自闭。 一层是金属箔，用作蒸汽密封，并具有与主体材料相容并且密封在其上的可热封材料的底涂层。 顶层是通过中间塑料层固定到箔层的吸湿材料。

公开(公告)号：US5433197A

公开(公告)日：1995-07-18

申请号：US940691

申请日：1992-09-04

Applicant: Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Edward W. Stark

IPC: A61B5/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/14532

Abstract: A glucose sensor to provide a non-invasive means of determining blood glucose which is of particular value in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. The patient's eye is illuminated with near-infrared radiation which passes into the eye through the cornea and the aqueous humor, is reflected from the iris and/or lens surface, and then passes out through the aqueous humor and cornea. The reflected radiation is collected and detected by a near-infrared sensor which measures the reflected energy in one or more wavelength bands. Comparison of the reflected energy with the source energy provides a measure of the spectral absorption by the eye which is characteristic of the composition of the cornea, the aqueous humor, and the other structures within the eye through which the energy is transmitted or from which it is reflected. In particular, the level of glucose in the aqueous humor is a function of the level of glucose in the blood so that non-invasive determinations of blood glucose may be obtained by suitable calibration relating the measured spectral absorption of the aqueous humor to the measured blood glucose level. To obtain specificity and accuracy, the spectral data at several or many wavelengths may be utilized with a multivariate calibration and prediction process to separate the glucose information from the spectral influences of interfering substances, such as water, which also absorb the near-infrared radiation within the wavelength region utilized for the measurement. The system includes a computer for processing the spectral data and a display for readout of the result.

Abstract translation: 一种葡萄糖传感器，用于提供在糖尿病的诊断和治疗中具有特别价值的非侵入性的测定血糖的方法。 用近红外辐射照射患者的眼睛，眼睛通过角膜和房水进入眼睛，从虹膜和/或镜片表面反射，然后通过房水和角膜。 通过测量一个或多个波长带中的反射能量的近红外传感器收集和检测反射的辐射。 反射能量与源能量的比较提供了眼睛的光谱吸收的度量，其是角膜，房水和眼睛内的其他结构的特征的特征，眼睛内的能量被透射， 被反映。 特别地，房水中的葡萄糖水平是血液中葡萄糖水平的函数，因此可以通过适当的校准将水溶胶的测量光谱吸收与测量的血液相关联来获得非侵入性的血糖测定 葡萄糖水平。 为了获得特异性和准确性，可以利用多变量校准和预测过程来利用多个或多个波长的光谱数据，以将葡萄糖信息与干扰物质（例如水）的光谱影响分离，所述干扰物质也吸收其内部的近红外辐射 用于测量的波长区域。 该系统包括用于处理光谱数据的计算机和用于读出结果的显示器。

公开(公告)号：US5379238A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-03

申请号：US923029

申请日：1992-07-30

Applicant: Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Edward W. Stark

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G06F17/00 ,  G06F17/10 ,  A61B5/00 ,  G06G7/48 ,  G06F15/42

CPC classification number: G06F17/10 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01J2003/2843 ,  G01N2201/1215

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the determination of spectral samples is disclosed wherein spectral measurements are taken, normalization of the spectral measurements takes place, and a bilinear modeling is performed to extract spectral data. Once this data is derived, the interference quantitization levels are determined using multiple linear regression analysis, and are then removed from the sample readings in order to determine a more precise level of analyte spectra, such as analyte levels of glucose in serum or whole blood.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于确定光谱样本的方法和装置，其中进行光谱测量，进行光谱测量的归一化，并且执行双线性建模以提取光谱数据。 一旦得到这些数据，就可以使用多重线性回归分析来确定干扰量化水平，然后从样本读数中去除干扰量化水平，以便确定更精确的分析物光谱水平，如血清或全血中葡萄糖的分析物水平。

公开(公告)号：US4161034A

公开(公告)日：1979-07-10

申请号：US243163

申请日：1962-12-07

Applicant: Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Edward W. Stark

IPC: G06E3/00 ,  G06G7/19

CPC classification number: G06E3/003

Abstract: 1. Signal handling apparatus comprising summing means adapted to receive simultaneously signals representing a function taken at one or more different phases of time, means providing simultaneously a plurality of signals representing said function taken at various phases of time, a plurality of multiplying means each of which receives the output signal from said summing means and one of the simultaneously provided function signals, and a plurality of integrating means simultaneously receiving the product output signals from respective multiplying means, whereby peak output signals from said integrating means is indicative of which respective multiplying means receive simultaneously provided signals having the same phases as the phases of the input signals to said summing means.

Abstract translation: 1.一种信号处理装置，包括适于同时接收表示在一个或多个不同时间段所采取的功能的信号的求和装置，意味着同时提供表示在各个时间段所采取的功能的多个信号，多个乘法装置 其接收来自所述求和装置的输出信号和同时提供的功能信号之一，以及多个积分装置，同时从各乘法装置接收乘积输出信号，由此来自所述积分装置的峰值输出信号指示哪个相应的乘法装置 同时接收具有与输入信号的相位相同相位的所提供的信号到所述求和装置。

公开(公告)号：US3975727A

公开(公告)日：1976-08-17

申请号：US484027

申请日：1974-06-28

Applicant: Arthur H. Mader ,  Donatas V. Gasiunas ,  Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Arthur H. Mader ,  Donatas V. Gasiunas ,  Edward W. Stark

IPC: G01N21/27 ,  G06F7/68 ,  H03M1/00 ,  H03K13/02

CPC classification number: G06F7/68 ,  G01N21/274 ,  H03M1/10 ,  H03M1/52

Abstract: New and improved apparatus is provided for the calibration and standardization of the analog output signal level of automated analysis equipment, which level varies as a function of the concentration of the constituent being analyzed. Such apparatus comprises an A/D converter including a dual-slope integrator for translating the output signal level to a time interval which varies as a function of the constituent. Such apparatus further includes means for generating the inverse function of the analytical function, which is applied to linearize and scale the output signal level and to convert such level directly to digital form. Also, provision is made for the calibration and standardization, on an individual basis, of each of a plurality of analytical channels in a multi-channel system.

Abstract translation: 提供了新的和改进的装置，用于自动分析设备的模拟输出信号电平的校准和标准化，其水平随着正在分析的成分的浓度而变化。 这种装置包括一个A / D转换器，该A / D转换器包括一个双斜率积分器，用于将输出信号电平转换成根据组成部分变化的时间间隔。 这种装置还包括用于产生分析函数的反函数的装置，其被应用于线性化和缩放输出信号电平并将这种电平直接转换成数字形式。 此外，还提供了在多通道系统中的多个分析通道中的每一个的单独校准和标准化。