公开(公告)号：US5568400A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-22

申请号：US572534

申请日：1990-08-28

Applicant: Edward W. Stark ,  Harald Martens

Inventor： Edward W. Stark ,  Harald Martens

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G06T5/00 ,  G06F17/00 ,  G06F159/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/28 ,  G01J2003/1828 ,  G01N2201/129

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus are disclosed for processing spectral data to remove undesired variations in such data and to remove interfering information present in the data. The method land apparatus corrects multiplicative effects present in the spectral data. Additive and interferent contributions can be corrected as well. In one aspect of the method, coefficients for a selected appropriate model are applied to the input spectral data based on first and second reference spectra. The spectral data are then corrected based on the estimated coefficients at least as to multiplicative errors for producing a linear additive structure for use in calibration, validation and determination by linear multivariate analysis. The method and apparatus will improve the accuracy of spectral data structures derived from measurements Using spectroscopy, chromatography, thermal analysis, mechanical vibration and acoustic analysis, rheology, electrophoresis, image analysis and other analytical technologies producing data of similar multivariate nature.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种改进的方法和装置，用于处理光谱数据以消除这种数据中的不期望的变化并且去除数据中存在的干扰信息。 方法陆地装置校正光谱数据中存在的乘法效应。 添加剂和干扰素也可以被修正。 在该方法的一个方面，基于第一和第二参考光谱，将所选适当模型的系数应用于输入光谱数据。 然后基于估计的系数校正光谱数据，至少关于用于产生用于通过线性多变量分析的校准，验证和确定的线性添加结构的乘法误差。 该方法和设备将提高从测量得到的光谱数据结构的精度使用光谱，色谱，热分析，机械振动和声学分析，流变学，电泳，图像分析和其他产生类似多变量性质的数据的分析技术。

公开(公告)号：US4227810A

公开(公告)日：1980-10-14

申请号：US872404

申请日：1978-01-26

Applicant: Harold E. Sandrock ,  Morris W. Leen ,  Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Harold E. Sandrock ,  Morris W. Leen ,  Edward W. Stark

IPC: G01N21/03 ,  G01N1/10

CPC classification number: G01N21/03 ,  G01N2021/0346

Abstract: A multichamber cuvette for maintaining in independent and separate condition at least two reactants until such time that it is desired to mix them for reaction with each other and a reactant liquid sample while in the cuvette for analysis in the cuvette, and a method of use of such cuvette. There is provided a cuvette body of a suitable plastic defining at least two chambers interconnected by a passageway of relatively small cross section having at least the end portion thereof of capillary size to prevent under many circumstances, as by surface tension, accidental mixture of liquid reactants in the chambers. If there is a substantial head of liquid in one chamber and/or a risk of impact of the cuvette with an external foreign object, sufficient to break such surface tension, an air lock in the passageway when the latter is below the liquid levels in the chambers prevents such accidental mixture. A baffle in the passageway enhances separation of liquids and/or solid substances in the chambers. The chambers are open-topped, and a unitary probe-wiping multi-ply laminated cover of a type puncturable by a probe extends over the chambers closing them from the external environment. The laminated cover tends to be self-closing with reference to such punctures. One ply is of metal foil to act as a vapor seal and has an undercoating of a heat sealable material compatible with the body material and sealed thereto. The top ply is of a moisture-absorbent material which is secured to the foil ply by an intermediate plastic ply.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在独立和分离的条件下保持至少两种反应物的多室试管，直到需要将其混合以进行反应以及在反应液中的反应液样品，同时在比色皿中进行分析，以及使用方法 这样的比色杯。 提供了一种合适的塑料的比色杯体，其定义了至少两个腔室，通过相对较小横截面的通道相互连接，至少具有毛细管尺寸的端部，以防止在许多情况下，如表面张力，液体反应物的意外混合 在房间里 如果在一个室中存在大量液体，和/或存在具有外部异物的比色皿冲击的风险，足以破坏该表面张力，则在通道中的气密度低于通道中的液位时 室防止这种意外混合。 通道中的挡板增强了腔室中液体和/或固体物质的分离。 这些室是敞开式的，并且由探针穿刺的类型的单层探针擦拭多层叠层盖在从外部环境封闭它们的室上延伸。 参考这种穿孔，层压罩倾向于自闭。 一层是金属箔，用作蒸汽密封，并具有与主体材料相容并且密封在其上的可热封材料的底涂层。 顶层是通过中间塑料层固定到箔层的吸湿材料。

公开(公告)号：USRE36474E

公开(公告)日：1999-12-28

申请号：US778809

申请日：1997-01-03

Applicant: Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Edward W. Stark

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G06F17/00 ,  G06F17/10 ,  A61B5/00 ,  G06G7/48 ,  G06F15/42

CPC classification number: G06F17/10 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01J2003/2843 ,  G01N2201/1215

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the determination of spectral samples is disclosed wherein spectral measurements are taken, normalization of the spectral measurements takes place, and a bilinear modeling is performed to extract spectral data. Once this data is derived, the interference quantitization levels are determined using multiple linear regression analysis, and are then removed from the sample readings in order to determine a more precise level of analyte spectra, such as analyte levels of glucose in serum or whole blood.

公开(公告)号：US4997281A

公开(公告)日：1991-03-05

申请号：US398094

申请日：1989-08-24

Applicant: Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Edward W. Stark

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/2803 ,  G01J2003/1828 ,  G01J3/1838

Abstract: An improved flat field grating spectrometer for increasing the spectral resolutiion and usable spectral range. The spectrometer comprises an entrance slit or port, a concave grating, a field flattening lens and detection means encompassing the desired spectral region and capable of providing separate measurements between different regions of the spectral image plane. A second embodiment provides a beam splitter (dichroic or neutral density) placed between the grating and the detector to divert a portion of the energy at selected wavelengths through a second field flattening lens to a second detection means.

公开(公告)号：US6124134A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-26

申请号：US697433

申请日：1996-08-23

Applicant: Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Edward W. Stark

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N33/487 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N33/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/314 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  Y10T436/144444

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for determining stable and labile glycated compound levels in blood. Electromagnetic energy covering a multiplicity of wavelength bands within a wavelength range from 380 nm to 2500 nm is directed into a sample volume containing blood. Portions of the energy representative of both the source energy and energy after interacting with material within the sample volume are collected. The energy portions carry information relating to the source energy and the levels of labile and stable compounds within the sample volume, respectively. The portions are converted into electrical signals representative of the intensities of the respective portions in each of the multiplicity of wavelength bands. The electrical signals are pretreated in accordance with known information to remove deviations from established reference conditions to form data signals that are a function of the fractional portion of the energy in each of the wavelength bands absorbed and scattered by the material in the measurement volume. Selected groups of the data signals are processed in accordance with chemometric models developed from analysis of such data signals together with known values of the analytes derived from measurements on a calibration set of samples larger in number than the number of wavelength bands included in the set of the selected groups of data signals to develop analyte signals representative of the amounts of glycated compounds for which chemometric models have been developed and utilized. The analyte signals may be stored and displayed in a form suitable for medical use.

Abstract translation: 用于测定血液中稳定和不稳定的糖化化合物水平的方法和装置。 覆盖380nm至2500nm波长范围内的多个波长带的电磁能量被引导到含有血液的样品体积中。 收集代表与样品体积内的材料相互作用的源能量和能量的能量的一部分。 能量部分分别携带有关源能量的信息以及样品体积内不稳定和稳定化合物的含量。 这些部分被转换为表示多个波长带中的每一个中各个部分的强度的电信号。 电信号根据已知的信息进行预处理，以消除与建立的参考条件的偏差，以形成数据信号，该数据信号是由测量体积中的材料吸收和散射的每个波长带中的能量的分数部分的函数。 根据从这些数据信号的分析开发的化学计量模型以及从在比该组数据中包括的波长带的数量多的样本的校准集上的测量得到的分析物的已知值来处理所选择的数据信号组 所选择的数据信号组以开发代表化学计量学模型已被开发和利用的糖化化合物的量的分析物信号。 分析物信号可以以适于医疗用途的形式存储和显示。

公开(公告)号：US3994594A

公开(公告)日：1976-11-30

申请号：US604526

申请日：1975-08-27

Applicant: Harold E. Sandrock ,  Morris W. Leen ,  Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Harold E. Sandrock ,  Morris W. Leen ,  Edward W. Stark

IPC: G01N33/48 ,  B01F13/00 ,  B01F15/02 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N35/04 ,  G01N1/10

CPC classification number: G01N21/03 ,  B01F13/002 ,  B01F15/0205 ,  B01F15/0212 ,  B01F15/0226 ,  B01F15/026 ,  B01F13/0059 ,  G01N2021/0346 ,  G01N2035/0436

Abstract: A multichamber cuvette for maintaining in independent and separate condition at least two reactants until such time that it is desired to mix them for reaction with each other and a reactant liquid sample while in the cuvette for analysis in the cuvette, and a method of use of such cuvette. There is provided a cuvette body of a suitable plastic defining at least two chambers interconnected by a passageway of relatively small cross section having at least the end portions thereof of capillary size to prevent under many circumstances, as by surface tension, accidental mixture of liquid reactants in the chambers. If there is a substantial head of liquid in one chamber and/or a risk of impact of the cuvette with an external foreign object, sufficient to break such surface tension, an air lock in the passageway when the latter is below the liquid levels in the chambers prevents such accidental mixture. A baffle in the passageway enhances separation of liquids and/or solid substances in the chambers. The chambers are open-topped, and a unitary probe-wiping multi-ply laminated cover of a type puncturable by a probe extends over the chambers closing them from the external environment. The laminated cover tends to be self-closing with reference to such punctures. One ply is of metal foil to act as a vapor seal and has an undercoating of a heat sealable material compatible with the body material and sealed thereto. The top ply is of a moisture-absorbent material which is secured to the foil ply by an intermediate plastic ply.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在独立和分离的条件下保持至少两种反应物的多室试管，直到需要将其混合以进行反应以及在反应液中的反应液样品，同时在比色皿中进行分析，以及使用方法 这样的比色杯。 提供了一种合适塑料的试管体，其限定了至少两个腔室，通过相对较小横截面的通道相互连接，至少具有毛细管尺寸的端部，以防止在许多情况下，如表面张力，液体反应物的意外混合 在房间里 如果在一个室中存在大量液体，和/或存在具有外部异物的比色皿冲击的风险，足以破坏该表面张力，则在通道中的气密度低于通道中的液位时 室防止这种意外混合。 通道中的挡板增强了腔室中液体和/或固体物质的分离。 这些室是敞开式的，并且由探针穿刺的类型的单层探针擦拭多层叠层盖在从外部环境封闭它们的室上延伸。 参考这种穿孔，层压罩倾向于自闭。 一层是金属箔，用作蒸汽密封，并具有与主体材料相容并且密封在其上的可热封材料的底涂层。 顶层是通过中间塑料层固定到箔层的吸湿材料。

公开(公告)号：US3971630A

公开(公告)日：1976-07-27

申请号：US620462

申请日：1975-10-07

Applicant: Harold E. Sandrock ,  Edward W. Stark ,  Steven A. Gyori

Inventor： Harold E. Sandrock ,  Edward W. Stark ,  Steven A. Gyori

IPC: C12Q1/00 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01N21/24 ,  G01N33/16

CPC classification number: G01N21/253 ,  Y10T436/111666

Abstract: Apparatus and method for photometrically analyzing a constituent of interest in body or other fluids and well suited for kinetic determinations which are temperature-and-time dependent. There is provided a sample holder holding a cuvette supporting a liquid sample and other reactants among which is a trigger reactant to initiate the reaction which is analyzed. The trigger and the other reactants are initially isolated in the cuvette. The holder, one of a series, is moved periodically to move the cuvette, one of a series handled sequentially, to a temperature-sensing and preheating station, to a station where the contents of the cuvette are mixed to enable the reaction to proceed, to an optical station where the reaction is viewed for an optical density determination over a period of time under temperature conditions regulated within limits, and to a station for sensing the temperature of the mixture, by immersion of a temperature sensor therein, and supplying data for estimation of the real temperature during the optical determination for inclusion in the determination of the concentration of the constituent of interest, all in a relatively short period of time.

Abstract translation: 用于光学分析身体或其它流体中感兴趣的成分并且非常适合温度和时间依赖性的动力学测定的装置和方法。 提供了一个样本保持器，其保持支撑液体样品的反应杯和其它反应物，其中是引发反应物的触发反应物，其被分析。 触发器和其他反应物最初在反应杯中分离。 一个系列中的一个的定位器周期性移动，将按顺序处理的一个串联的试管移动到温度感测和预热站，到比色杯的内容物混合以使反应进行的工位， 通过将温度传感器浸入其中，观察反应在一定时间内在温度条件下限制的温度条件下的光密度测定和用于感测混合物的温度的站，并提供数据 在光学测定期间的估计实际温度被包括在确定感兴趣组分的浓度之中，全部在相对较短的时间段内。

公开(公告)号：US07397566B2

公开(公告)日：2008-07-08

申请号：US11508774

申请日：2006-08-23

Applicant: Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Edward W. Stark

IPC: G01N21/47

CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  G01N21/255

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for improving at least one of a) optical interactance measurements, b) optical transmittance measurements and c) optical reflectance measurements. The apparatus has a probe having a body portion and an tip portion. The body portion has a central tubular element having an opening therethrough. The tip portion has a central aperture and a number that is a plurality of ring openings therein. At least some of the plurality of rings are angled with respect to a longitudinal axis of the probe. A plurality of fiber optic bundles corresponds in number at least to the number of ring openings, and at least one fiber optic bundle is arranged at one end of the longitudinal axis for receiving specimen information and at another end of the longitudinal axis connected to a detector for receiving a signal.

Abstract translation: 一种用于改进a）光学相互作用测量，b）光学透射率测量和c）光学反射率测量中的至少一个的方法，系统和设备。 该装置具有探针，其具有主体部分和尖端部分。 主体部分具有中心管状元件，其具有穿过其中的开口。 尖端部分具有中心孔和数量，其中是多个环形开口。 多个环中的至少一些相对于探针的纵向轴线成角度。 多个光纤束的数目至少对应于环形开口的数量，并且至少一个光纤束布置在纵向轴线的一端以接收样本信息，并且在连接到检测器的纵轴的另一端 用于接收信号。

公开(公告)号：US07142307B1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-28

申请号：US08818289

申请日：1997-03-14

Applicant: Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Edward W. Stark

IPC: G01N21/47

CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  G01N21/255

Abstract: Apparatus and a method are disclosed for the simultaneous or rapid sequential use of two or more different separations between the source and detector of the measuring apparatus to obtain spectral measurement data in diffuse transmission or “interaction” modes of collecting optical information from a specimen. The method and apparatus subsequently combine separate data taken from two or more different pathlengths to provide discrimination against undesired information while preserving or enhancing desired information. Additional reference information to normalize the optical signal is also provided. The optical and mechanical design of the optical probe also provides for transmittance, reflectance and interactance measurements on small amounts of specimen.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于在测量装置的源和检测器之间同时或快速地顺序使用两个或更多个不同分离的装置和方法，以获得从样本收集光学信息的漫射透射或“相互作用”模式中的光谱测量数据。 该方法和设备随后组合从两个或多个不同路径长度获得的分离数据，以提供对不期望信息的区分，同时保留或增强期望信息。 还提供了用于标准化光信号的附加参考信息。 光学探针的光学和机械设计还提供了对少量样品的透射率，反射率和相互作用测量。

公开(公告)号：US4658131A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-14

申请号：US470234

申请日：1983-02-28

Applicant: Edward W. Stark

Inventor： Edward W. Stark

IPC: G01J1/02 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01N21/01

CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: A lens for utilization in the radiation energy exit port of a radiation energy integrating sphere is provided, and functions to prevent instrumental specular radiation energy reflections from striking the interior wall surfaces of the sphere and being collected thereby. The instrumental specular radiation energy reflections include those from the lens, per se, and those from instrumentation disposed without the integrating sphere.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于辐射能量积分球的辐射能量出口的透镜，并且其功能是防止仪器镜面辐射能量反射撞击球体的内壁表面并由此收集。 仪器镜面辐射能量反射包括来自透镜本身的那些，以及来自没有积分球的仪器的反射。