公开(公告)号：US4626680A

公开(公告)日：1986-12-02

申请号：US586932

申请日：1984-03-07

Applicant: Gerhard Martens ,  Manfred R. Liehr

Inventor： Gerhard Martens ,  Manfred R. Liehr

IPC: G01L9/00 ,  G01L1/00

CPC classification number: G01L9/0076

Abstract: A pressure sensor comprises an optical system which is coupled to a diaphragm an which couples light emitted by a transmitting light guide into two receiving light guides depending on the deflection of the diaphragm. In order to enable the pressure values thus detected to be measured by means of a simple circuit, the transmitting light guide and the receiving light guides are arranged parallel to the diaphragm and the optical system is constructed as a focusing system, preferably a spherical lens arranged to be movable by the diaphragm 11 in a direction perpendicular to this diaphragm.

Abstract translation: 压力传感器包括耦合到隔膜的光学系统，隔膜根据隔膜的偏转将发射光导体发射的光耦合到两个接收光导中。 为了能够通过简单的电路来测量这样检测到的压力值，透射光导和接收光导平行于隔膜设置，并且光​​学系统被构造为聚焦系统，优选地配置为球面透镜 可以通过隔膜11在垂直于该隔膜的方向上移动。

公开(公告)号：US4612810A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-23

申请号：US700377

申请日：1985-02-11

Applicant: Gerhard Martens

Inventor： Gerhard Martens

IPC: G01L11/00 ,  G01L11/02 ,  G01L9/00

CPC classification number: G01L11/02

Abstract: An optical pressure sensor (1) is used for determining pressures and differential pressures of explosive liquids and gases and comprises a translucent body (2), having pressure measurement chambers (5, 7) formed as continuous holes. Sealing plates (3, 4), seal the pressure measurement chambers from the outside environment. The liquid or gaseous medium, introduced through inlet openings (9, 11) into the pressure measurement chambers and subjected to pressure, produces internal stresses in the body (2) so that the condition of polarization of polarized light (17), by which the body is irradiated, varies with the pressure in the pressure measurement chambers. An analyzer (18) filters from the light having a pressure-dependent condition of polarization linearly polarized light, whose intensity varies with the pressure of the medium to be determined. The pressure sensor is constructed in a simple manner and reacts with a high degree of sensitivity and accuracy to pressures and differential pressures. By adjustment of the diameter of the pressure measurement chambers and their relative distance, the sensitivity of the pressure sensor can be varied within wide limits.

Abstract translation: 光学压力传感器（1）用于确定爆炸性液体和气体的压力和压差，并且包括具有形成为连续孔的压力测量室（5,7）的半透明体（2）。 密封板（3,4）将压力测量室与外部环境密封。 通过入口开口（9,11）引入压力测量室并承受压力的液体或气体介质在体（2）中产生内应力，使得偏振光（17）的偏振条件 身体被照射，随着压力测量室中的压力而变化。 分析器（18）从具有压力依赖条件的偏振线性偏振光的光过滤，其强度随着要确定的介质的压力而变化。 压力传感器以简单的方式构造，并以高度的灵敏度和精度对压力和压差进行反应。 通过调节压力测量室的直径及其相对距离，压力传感器的灵敏度可以在宽范围内变化。

公开(公告)号：US4504021A

公开(公告)日：1985-03-12

申请号：US476852

申请日：1983-03-18

Applicant: Heinz Schippers ,  Erich Lenk ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Manfred Mayer ,  Werner Pieper ,  Siegfried Putsch

Inventor： Heinz Schippers ,  Erich Lenk ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Manfred Mayer ,  Werner Pieper ,  Siegfried Putsch

IPC: B65H54/38

CPC classification number: B65H54/38 ,  B65H2701/31

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a ribbon free randomly wound yarn package is disclosed, and wherein a plurality of critical winding ratios at which undesirable pattern formations or ribbons would normally occur are determined and stored in a microprocessor control unit. During the winding operation, the spindle speed and traversing frequency are monitored by sensors and are transmitted to the control unit, and the control unit computes the optimum time for rapidly changing the traversing frequency so that the actual winding ratio moves rapidly through each of the approaching critical winding ratios. The original traversing frequency is re-established after having passed beyond each of the critical winding ratios.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于生产无带状无规卷绕纱线卷装的方法和装置，并且其中通常发生不期望的图案形成或带状物的多个临界卷绕比率被确定并存储在微处理器控制单元中。 在卷绕操作期间，主轴转速和运行频率由传感器监控，并被传送到控制单元，控制单元计算快速变化运行频率的最佳时间，使实际的卷绕速度快速地通过每个接近 关键卷绕比。 在超过每个临界卷绕比之后，重新建立原始的运行频率。

公开(公告)号：US4325517A

公开(公告)日：1982-04-20

申请号：US156568

申请日：1980-06-05

Applicant: Heinz Schippers ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Karl-Werner Frolich

Inventor： Heinz Schippers ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Karl-Werner Frolich

IPC: B65H54/32 ,  B65H54/38

CPC classification number: B65H54/38 ,  B65H54/385 ,  B65H2513/10 ,  B65H2701/31

Abstract: A method and apparatus for winding textile yarns into core-supported packages is provided in which the formation of thickened and hardened places in the yarn packages at opposite ends thereof are avoided by a recurrent series of stroke modification cycles in which the length of traverse stroke is varied aperiodically as determined by a random number sequence. Additionally, the formation of undesirable patterns in the windings of yarn forming such packages is avoided by continuously varying the speed of traverse of the yarn guide by accelerating and decelerating the traversing yarn guide between predetermined maximum and minimum speeds. The stroke modification cycles and traverse motion speed changes are coordinated in such manner that the periods of high traverse motion speed coincide with the periods of short traverse stroke length and vice versa.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于将纺织纱线卷绕到芯部支撑的包装中的方法和装置，其中通过一系列行程修改循环来避免在纱线包装件的相对两端形成增稠和变硬的位置，其中横向行程的长度为 由随机数序列确定的非周期性变化。 此外，通过在预定的最大和最小速度之间加速和减速横动导纱器，连续地改变导纱器的横动速度，避免了在形成这种包装的纱线的绕组中形成不期望的图案。 行程修正循环和横移运动速度变化以这样的方式进行协调，使得高横移运动速度的周期与短行程长度的周期一致，反之亦然。

公开(公告)号：US09316601B2

公开(公告)日：2016-04-19

申请号：US13981610

申请日：2012-01-25

Applicant: Roland Proksa ,  Gerhard Martens

Inventor： Roland Proksa ,  Gerhard Martens

IPC: G01N23/04 ,  A61B6/03 ,  A61B6/06 ,  A61B6/00 ,  G06T11/00

CPC classification number: G01N23/04 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/06 ,  A61B6/4042 ,  A61B6/4241 ,  A61B6/5205 ,  A61B6/5258 ,  G01N23/046 ,  G01N2223/419 ,  G06T11/003

Abstract: The invention relates to a detection values processing apparatus. Energy-dependent detection values are provided, which are indicative of polychromatic radiation (4) after having traversed an examination zone (5). The radiation is filtered by a filter (15) which comprises K-edge filter material. A component decomposition technique is applied to the detection values for determining K-edge attenuation values being first component attenuation values, which are indicative of an attenuation caused by the K-edge filter material, and additional component attenuation values, which are indicative of an attenuation caused by additional components of the examination zone, wherein an image of the examination zone is reconstructed from the additional component attenuation values. An image can therefore be reconstructed, which is not adversely affected by the filter, because the K-edge attenuation values are not used for reconstructing the image. This can improve the quality of the reconstructed image.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种检测值处理装置。 提供依赖于能量的检测值，这些检测值指示经过检查区域（5）之后的多色辐射（4）。 辐射由包括K边缘过滤材料的过滤器（15）过滤。 分量分解技术被应用于用于确定作为表示由K边缘滤波器材料引起的衰减的第一分量衰减值的K边缘衰减值的检测值以及指示衰减的附加分量衰减值 由检查区域的附加组件引起，其中从附加分量衰减值重建检查区域的图像。 因此，由于K边缘衰减值不用于重建图像，因此可以重构图像，其不受滤波器的不利影响。 这可以提高重建图像的质量。

公开(公告)号：US20130236079A1

公开(公告)日：2013-09-12

申请号：US13989507

申请日：2011-12-05

Applicant: Ingwer-Curt Carlsen ,  Thomas Koehler ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Ewald Rossl ,  Rafael Wiemker

Inventor： Ingwer-Curt Carlsen ,  Thomas Koehler ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Ewald Rossl ,  Rafael Wiemker

IPC: G06T7/00

CPC classification number: G06T7/0012 ,  G01N23/046 ,  G01N2223/419

Abstract: A method and a device for analyzing a region of interest in an object is proposed. The method comprises: (a) providing measurement data by a differential phase contrast X-ray imaging system, and (b) analyzing characteristics of the object in the region of interest. Therein, the measurement data comprise a 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional set of pixels wherein for each pixel the measurement data comprises three types of image data spatially aligned with each other, including (i) absorption representing image data A, (ii) differential phase contrast representing image data D, and (iii) coherence representing image data C. The analyzing step is based, for each pixel, on a combination of at least two of information comprised in the absorption representing image data A and information comprised in the differential phase contrast representing image data D and information comprised in the coherence representing image data C.

Abstract translation: 提出了一种用于分析对象中的感兴趣区域的方法和装置。 该方法包括：（a）通过差分相位X射线成像系统提供测量数据，以及（b）分析感兴趣区域中物体的特征。 其中，测量数据包括2维或3维像素集合，其中对于每个像素，测量数据包括彼此空间对准的三种类型的图像数据，包括（i）表示图像数据A的吸收，（ii）差分 表示图像数据D的相位对比度和（iii）表示图像数据C的相干性。分析步骤基于每个像素，包括在表示图像数据A的吸收中包括的信息中的至少两个信息和差分中包含的信息 表示图像数据D的相位对比度和表示图像数据C的相干性中包含的信息。

公开(公告)号：US07545910B2

公开(公告)日：2009-06-09

申请号：US10547588

申请日：2004-03-02

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding ,  Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Gerhard Martens

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding ,  Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Gerhard Martens

IPC: G01N23/223

CPC classification number: A61B6/485 ,  A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/4092 ,  G01N23/223 ,  G01N2223/076

Abstract: The invention describes a method of generating metabolic images of an investigation region (3) of a body (1) by irradiating an X-ray fluorescence marker in that region and detecting the resulting X-ray fluorescence with a fluorescence detector (30). A fan beam (12) is used as a source of primary X-radiation, thus allowing the scanning of a whole body slice (3) in one step. The fluorescence image may be directly measured, e.g. by mapping voxels (104) of the investigation region onto pixels (134) of the detector (130) with the help of a pinhole collimator (132), or it may be reconstructed by procedures of computed tomography. Moreover, a morphological image may be generated by simultaneously recording X-ray transmission through the body (1).

Abstract translation: 本发明描述了通过在该区域中照射X射线荧光标记物并用荧光检测器（30）检测所得到的X射线荧光来产生身体（1）的调查区域（3）的代谢图像的方法。 扇形光束（12）被用作初级X辐射源，从而允许在一个步骤中扫描全身切片（3）。 可以直接测量荧光图像，例如。 通过借助于针孔准直器（132）将调查区域的体素（104）映射到检测器（130）的像素（134）上，或者可以通过计算机断层摄影的程序来重构。 此外，可以通过同时记录穿过身体（1）的X射线透射来产生形态学图像。

公开(公告)号：US20080226025A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-18

申请号：US10598003

申请日：2005-02-11

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Hans Barschdorf ,  Bernd Schweizer

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Hans Barschdorf ,  Bernd Schweizer

IPC: G01N23/223

CPC classification number: G01N23/223 ,  G01N2223/076 ,  G01N2223/0766

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for determining the distribution of an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) marker (16) in a body volume (14). The body volume (14) is irradiated with a beam of rays (12) from an X-ray source (10) with a first ray component with a quantum energy just above and a second ray component with a quantum energy just below the K-edge of the XRF marker (16). Secondary radiation emitted from the body volume (14) is detected in a location-resolved way by a detector (30). To separate the X-ray fluorescence components in the secondary radiation from background radiation, the body volume is irradiated for a second time with a beam of rays from which the first ray component has been substantially removed by a filter (22) made from the material of the XRF marker.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于确定身体体积（14）中的X射线荧光（XRF）标记物（16）的分布的方法和装置。 用来自X射线源（10）的射线束（12）照射具有刚好在上面的量子能的第一射线分量的体积（14），并且具有刚好低于K值的量子能量的第二射线分量， 边缘的XRF标记（16）。 通过检测器（30）以位置分辨的方式检测从体积（14）发射的次级辐射。 为了将二次辐射中的X射线荧光成分从背景辐射中分离出来，用第一射线成分基本上被该材料制成的过滤器（22）除去的射线束照射体积第二次 的XRF标记。

公开(公告)号：US20080092553A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-24

申请号：US11573083

申请日：2005-07-18

Applicant: Hermann Hochgraeber ,  Adolf Satzinger ,  Gerhard Martens

Inventor： Hermann Hochgraeber ,  Adolf Satzinger ,  Gerhard Martens

IPC: F25B21/02 ,  G01N30/00

CPC classification number: F25B21/02 ,  B01L7/00 ,  B01L2300/1822 ,  B01L2300/185 ,  B01L2300/1894 ,  F04D29/5826 ,  G01N30/24 ,  G01N30/30 ,  G01N2030/3092 ,  G01N2030/303

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the refrigerated storage and dispensing of substance samples, in particular a sample dispenser that is used in chromatography. Said device comprises a holder (7) for receiving one or more substance samples (3), at least one section of the holder (7) comprising at least one cavity (13) that is traversed by a liquid coolant (29), said cavity or cavities (13) being connected to a feed connection for supplying the coolant (29) and a return connection for evacuating the coolant (29). The device also comprises a liquid refrigeration unit (21), the feed connection of which is connected to the feed connection of the cavity or cavities (13) and the return connection of which is connected to the return connection of the cavity or cavities (13), a pump (23) for transporting the coolant (29) through the cavity or cavities (13) and a Peltier refrigeration unit (27) for cooling the coolant (29). In addition, the invention relates to an integrated liquid refrigeration unit (21) for a device of this type.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于冷藏储存和分配物质样品的装置，特别是用于色谱法的样品分配器。 所述装置包括用于接收一个或多个物质样品（3）的保持器（7），所述保持器（7）的至少一个部分包括由液体冷却剂（29）穿过的至少一个空腔（13），所述腔 或空腔（13）连接到用于供应冷却剂（29）的进料连接件和用于抽空冷却剂（29）的返回连接件。 该装置还包括液体制冷单元（21），其进料连接件连接到空腔或空腔（13）的进料连接件，并且其返回连接件连接到空腔（13）的返回连接件 ），用于将冷却剂（29）输送通过空腔（13）的泵（23）和用于冷却冷却剂（29）的珀尔帖制冷单元（27）。 此外，本发明涉及一种用于这种装置的集成液体制冷单元（21）。

公开(公告)号：US5624593A

公开(公告)日：1997-04-29

申请号：US406977

申请日：1995-05-30

Applicant: Gerhard Martens

Inventor： Gerhard Martens

IPC: D02J13/00 ,  H05B6/14

CPC classification number: D02J13/005

Abstract: Described is a godet (2) for guiding and advancing endless filament yarns, which comprises one or several heating zones along its casing (3), the heat that is applied by the heating elements (7-10) to the godet casing (3) being scanned by a multiple temperature sensor (12), so as to control the temperature of godet casing (3) in zones. In accordance with the invention, the temperature sensor (12) consists of a flat circuit arrangement of resistors and conduction bands, which are enclosed by a coating resistant to even high temperatures. The exposed tapping contacts (18) lead to the outside of godet (2) and are connected, via measuring lines, with an evaluation unit, whereas the temperature sensor (12) itself is attached to the inside surface of the rotatably driven godet casing (3).

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / EP93 / 02629 Sec。 371日期：1995年5月30日 102（e）日期1995年5月30日PCT提交1993年9月28日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 08080 日期1994年04月14日描述了一种用于引导和推进无端长丝纱线的导丝辊（2），其包括沿其壳体（3）的一个或多个加热区域，由加热元件（7-10）施加到 导丝套管（3）由多温度传感器（12）扫描，以便控制导管套（3）在区域中的温度。 根据本发明，温度传感器（12）由电阻器和导带的平坦电路布置组成，其由耐甚至高温的涂层包围。 暴露的攻丝触点（18）通过导丝管（2）的外部通过测量线与评估单元连接，而温度传感器（12）本身附接到可旋转驱动的导丝辊外壳的内表面 3）。