公开(公告)号：US20070211511A1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-13

申请号：US11678109

申请日：2007-02-23

申请人： Michael G. Kane ,  Arthur Herbert Firester ,  Gong Gu

发明人： Michael G. Kane ,  Arthur Herbert Firester ,  Gong Gu

IPC分类号： G11C17/00

CPC分类号： G11C11/5692 ,  G11C17/00 ,  G11C17/04 ,  H01L27/101

摘要： A read-only memory (ROM) is disclosed that uses the presence or absence of linear passive electrical elements, such as resistors or capacitors, to encode zeros and ones, permitting a large-area ROM to be fabricated, possibly on a flexible substrate. The ROM includes a substrate, a plurality of row conductors insulated from each other and at least partially layered on a portion of the substrate; a plurality of column conductors insulated from each other and from the row conductors and at least partially layered above or below a portion of the plurality of row conductors, a plurality of amplifiers electrically connected to the column conductors, and at least one linear passive element attached between the row conductors and the column conductors. An amplifier connected to a column conductor has an input impedance much lower than the combined parallel impedance of the linear passive elements connected to that column, thus comprising a virtual ground, and is operable to output a first logical state when one of the linear passive elements is electrically connected between one of the row conductors and one of the column conductors, and operable to output a second local state when said one of the linear passive elements is absent between one of the row conductors and one of the column conductors. The resistive or capacitive arrays can be made into low-cost imagers if the resistors/capacitors are sensitive to electromagnetic radiation or mechanical pressure.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种只读存储器（ROM），其使用诸如电阻器或电容器的线性无源电气元件的存在或不存在来编码零和一个，允许制造大面积ROM，可能在柔性基板上。 ROM包括基板，多个行导体，彼此绝缘并且至少部分地层叠在基板的一部分上; 多个列导体，彼此绝缘并且与行导体绝缘并且至少部分地层叠在所述多个行导体的一部分上方或下方，多个放大器电连接到所述列导体，以及至少一个线性无源元件附接 在行导体和列导体之间。 连接到列导体的放大器具有远低于连接到该列的线性无源元件的组合并联阻抗的输入阻抗，因此包括虚拟接地，并且可操作以当线性无源元件之一输出第一逻辑状态 电连接在行导体之一和列导体中的一个之间，并且当所述线性无源元件中的一个不存在于一个行导体和一个列导体之间时，可操作以输出第二局部状态。 如果电阻/电容器对电磁辐射或机械压力敏感，则电阻或电容阵列可以制成低成本的成像器。

公开(公告)号：US06264805B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-24

申请号：US08872560

申请日：1997-06-10

申请人： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Vladimir Bulovic ,  Gong Gu

发明人： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Vladimir Bulovic ,  Gong Gu

IPC分类号： C23C1434

CPC分类号： H01L51/5234 ,  C09K11/06 ,  H01L27/156 ,  H01L27/3209 ,  H01L51/0034 ,  H01L51/0035 ,  H01L51/0036 ,  H01L51/0038 ,  H01L51/0042 ,  H01L51/005 ,  H01L51/0051 ,  H01L51/0059 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/008 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/0084 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L51/5036 ,  H01L51/5048 ,  H01L51/5243 ,  H01L51/5246 ,  H01L51/5253 ,  H01L2224/24145 ,  H01L2251/5323 ,  H01L2924/01021 ,  H01L2924/01068 ,  H01L2924/12041 ,  H01L2924/12044 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： A multicolor organic light emitting device employs vertically stacked layers of double heterostructure devices which are fabricated from organic compounds. The vertical stacked structure is formed on a glass base having a transparent coating of ITO or similar metal to provide a substrate. Deposited on the substrate is the vertical stacked arrangement of three double heterostructure devices, each fabricated from a suitable organic material. Stacking is implemented such that the double heterostructure with the longest wavelength is on the top of the stack. This constitutes the device emitting red light on the top with the device having the shortest wavelength, namely, the device emitting blue light, on the bottom of the stack. Located between the red and blue device structures is the green device structure. The devices are configured as stacked to provide a staircase profile whereby each device is separated from the other by a thin transparent conductive contact layer to enable light emanating from each of the devices to pass through the semitransparent contacts and through the lower device structures while further enabling each of the devices to receive a selective bias. The devices are substantially transparent when de-energized, making them useful for heads-up display applications.

摘要翻译： 多色有机发光器件采用由有机化合物制成的双异质结构器件的垂直层叠层。 垂直堆叠结构形成在具有ITO或类似金属的透明涂层的玻璃基底上以提供基底。 沉积在衬底上的是三个双异质结构器件的垂直堆叠布置，每个由异质结构器件制成，每个由合适的有机材料制成。 实施堆叠，使得具有最长波长的双异质结构位于堆叠的顶部。 这构成在顶部发射红光的装置，其中装置具有最短波长，即发射蓝光的装置，在堆叠的底部。 位于红色和蓝色的设备结构之间是绿色设备结构。 这些器件被配置为堆叠以提供阶梯轮廓，由此每个器件通过薄的透明导电接触层与另一个分离，以使来自每个器件的光能够透过半透明触点并通过下部器件结构，同时进一步启用 每个设备接收选择性偏差。 当断电时，这些器件基本上是透明的，使得它们对于平视显示器应用是有用的。

公开(公告)号：US07173369B2

公开(公告)日：2007-02-06

申请号：US10460024

申请日：2003-06-11

申请人： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Vladimir Bulovic ,  Gong Gu

发明人： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Vladimir Bulovic ,  Gong Gu

IPC分类号： H01L51/50 ,  H05B33/26 ,  H05B33/00

CPC分类号： H01L51/5234 ,  C09K11/06 ,  H01L27/156 ,  H01L27/3209 ,  H01L51/0034 ,  H01L51/0035 ,  H01L51/0036 ,  H01L51/0038 ,  H01L51/0042 ,  H01L51/005 ,  H01L51/0051 ,  H01L51/0059 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/008 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/0084 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L51/5036 ,  H01L51/5048 ,  H01L51/5243 ,  H01L51/5246 ,  H01L51/5253 ,  H01L2224/24145 ,  H01L2251/5323 ,  H01L2924/01021 ,  H01L2924/01068 ,  H01L2924/12041 ,  H01L2924/12044 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： An organic light emitting device structure includes a substrate, a first electrically conductive layer formed over the substrate wherein the first electrically conductive layer has a positive polarity, and a transparent organic light emitting device formed over the first electrically conductive layer. The structure also includes a transparent electrically conductive metal layer formed over the transparent organic light emitting device wherein the metal has a work function less than 4 eV, and a second electrically conductive layer formed over the transparent electrically conductive metal layer, wherein the second electrically conductive layer has a negative polarity, and wherein the second electrically conductive layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a transparent electrically conductive oxide and a transparent electrically conductive polymer.

摘要翻译： 有机发光器件结构包括：衬底，形成在衬底上的第一导电层，其中第一导电层具有正极性;以及透明有机发光器件，形成在第一导电层上。 该结构还包括在透明有机发光器件上形成的透明导电金属层，其中金属具有小于4eV的功函数，以及形成在透明导电金属层上的第二导电层，其中第二导电 层具有负极性，并且其中第二导电层包括选自透明导电氧化物和透明导电聚合物的材料。

公开(公告)号：US06897842B2

公开(公告)日：2005-05-24

申请号：US09956273

申请日：2001-09-19

申请人： Gong Gu

发明人： Gong Gu

IPC分类号： G09G3/20 ,  G09G3/32 ,  G09G3/36

CPC分类号： G09G3/2014 ,  G09G3/2081 ,  G09G3/3216 ,  G09G2310/027 ,  G09G2320/0276 ,  G09G2320/0285 ,  G09G2320/043 ,  G09G2320/048

摘要： Timing information may be embedded along with other display control information in a signal using a pulse width modulation (PWM) mechanism to controllably drive a display (e.g., a plurality of display elements forming an array of display elements). In one embodiment, a non-uniform pulse interval clock may be generated from a uniform pulse interval clock in response to the timing information having pulse interval values. Using the non-uniform pulse interval clock, the width, and optionally the amplitude, of a drive signal may be modulated in order to controllably drive one or more display elements of an array of display elements. For example, while using video data with the non-uniform pulse interval clock to adjust the duration of the drive signal directed to each display element of the array of display elements, calibration data may be simultaneously used to adjust the magnitude of the drive signal. Thus, a gamma correction may be provided jointly with a compensation for initial non-uniformity, degradation over time, and/or non-uniform degradation to the one or more display elements of the array of display elements.

摘要翻译： 可以使用脉宽调制（PWM）机制将定时信息与其他显示控制信息一起嵌入到信号中，以可控制地驱动显示器（例如，形成显示元件阵列的多个显示元件）。 在一个实施例中，响应于具有脉冲间隔值的定时信息，可以从均匀脉冲间隔时钟产生非均匀脉冲间隔时钟。 使用非均匀脉冲间隔时钟，可以调制驱动信号的宽度和可选的振幅，以便可控制地驱动显示元件阵列的一个或多个显示元件。 例如，当使用具有不均匀脉冲间隔时钟的视频数据来调整指向显示元件阵列的每个显示元件的驱动信号的持续时间时，可以同时使用校准数据来调整驱动信号的幅度。 因此，伽马校正可以联合提供对初始不均匀性，随时间的退化和/或显示元件阵列的一个或多个显示元件的不均匀劣化的补偿。

公开(公告)号：US20050083091A1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-21

申请号：US10984250

申请日：2004-11-09

申请人： Kadaba Lakshmikumar ,  Gong Gu

发明人： Kadaba Lakshmikumar ,  Gong Gu

IPC分类号： H03B19/00 ,  H03K3/017 ,  H03K5/08 ,  H03K5/156 ,  H04L25/06

CPC分类号： H03K5/1565 ,  H03K5/082

摘要： Circuits for adjusting the duty cycle of a clock(s) signal include a negative feedback loop for applying an offset signal to the uncorrected clock signal(s). The offset signal, which corresponds to a duty cycle error of the corrected clock signal(s), adjusts the slicing level of the uncorrected clock signal(s) to cause the duty cycle error to converge toward a predetermined value, for example, zero. The techniques may be used to adjust the duty cycle error of differential clock signals as well as single-ended clock signals.

摘要翻译： 用于调整时钟信号的占空比的电路包括用于向未校正的时钟信号施加偏移信号的负反馈回路。 对应于校正的时钟信号的占空比误差的偏移信号调整未校正的时钟信号的限幅电平，以使占空比误差朝向例如零的预定值收敛。 这些技术可用于调整差分时钟信号的占空比误差以及单端时钟信号。

公开(公告)号：US06596134B2

公开(公告)日：2003-07-22

申请号：US09468986

申请日：1999-12-21

申请人： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Vladimir Bulovic ,  Gong Gu

发明人： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Vladimir Bulovic ,  Gong Gu

IPC分类号： C23C1400

CPC分类号： H01L51/5234 ,  C09K11/06 ,  H01L27/156 ,  H01L27/3209 ,  H01L51/0034 ,  H01L51/0035 ,  H01L51/0036 ,  H01L51/0038 ,  H01L51/0042 ,  H01L51/005 ,  H01L51/0051 ,  H01L51/0059 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/008 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/0084 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L51/5036 ,  H01L51/5048 ,  H01L51/5243 ,  H01L51/5246 ,  H01L51/5253 ,  H01L2224/24145 ,  H01L2251/5323 ,  H01L2924/01021 ,  H01L2924/01068 ,  H01L2924/12041 ,  H01L2924/12044 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： A multicolor organic light emitting device employs vertically stacked layers of double heterostructure devices which are fabricated from organic compounds. The vertical stacked structure is formed on a glass base having a transparent coating of ITO or similar metal to provide a substrate. Deposited on the substrate is the vertical stacked arrangement of three double heterostructure devices, each fabricated from a suitable organic material. Stacking is implemented such that the double heterostructure with the longest wavelength is on the top of the stack. This constitutes the device emitting red light on the top with the device having the shortest wavelength, namely, the device emitting blue light, on the bottom of the stack. Located between the red and blue device structures is the green device structure. The devices are configured as stacked to provide a staircase profile whereby each device is separated from the other by a thin transparent conductive contact layer to enable light emanating from each of the devices to pass through the semitransparent contacts and through the lower device structures while further enabling each of the devices to receive a selective bias. The devices are substantially transparent when de-energized, making them useful for heads-up display applications.

摘要翻译： 多色有机发光器件采用由有机化合物制成的双异质结构器件的垂直层叠层。 垂直堆叠结构形成在具有ITO或类似金属的透明涂层的玻璃基底上以提供基底。 沉积在衬底上的是三个双异质结构器件的垂直堆叠布置，每个由异质结构器件制成，每个由合适的有机材料制成。 实施堆叠，使得具有最长波长的双异质结构位于堆叠的顶部。 这构成在顶部发射红光的装置，其中装置具有最短波长，即发射蓝光的装置，在堆叠的底部。 位于红色和蓝色的设备结构之间是绿色设备结构。 这些器件被配置为堆叠以提供阶梯轮廓，由此每个器件通过薄的透明导电接触层与另一个分离，以使来自每个器件的光能够透过半透明触点并通过下部器件结构，同时进一步启用 每个设备接收选择性偏差。 当断电时，这些器件基本上是透明的，使得它们对于平视显示器应用是有用的。

公开(公告)号：US06548956B2

公开(公告)日：2003-04-15

申请号：US09726482

申请日：2000-12-01

申请人： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Vladimir Bulovic ,  Gong Gu

发明人： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Vladimir Bulovic ,  Gong Gu

IPC分类号： H01J162

CPC分类号： H01L27/3209 ,  C09K11/06 ,  H01L51/0034 ,  H01L51/0035 ,  H01L51/0036 ,  H01L51/0038 ,  H01L51/0042 ,  H01L51/005 ,  H01L51/0051 ,  H01L51/0059 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/0084 ,  H01L51/5012 ,  H01L51/5036 ,  H01L51/5048 ,  H01L51/5234 ,  H01L51/5253 ,  H01L2251/5323

摘要： A multicolor organic light emitting device employs vertically stacked layers of double heterostructure devices which are fabricated from organic compounds. The vertical stacked structure is formed on a glass base having a transparent coating of ITO or similar metal to provide a substrate. Deposited on the substrate is the vertical stacked arrangement of three double heterostructure devices, each fabricated from a suitable organic material. Stacking is implemented such that the double heterostructure with the longest wavelength is on the top of the stack. This constitutes the device emitting red light on the top with the device having the shortest wavelength, namely, the device emitting blue light, on the bottom of the stack. Located between the red and blue device structures is the green device structure. The devices are configured as stacked to provide a staircase profile whereby each device is separated from the other by a thin transparent conductive contact layer to enable light emanating from each of the devices to pass through the semitransparent contacts and through the lower device structures while further enabling each of the devices to receive a selective bias. The devices are substantially transparent when de-energized, making them useful for heads-up display applications.

摘要翻译： 多色有机发光器件采用由有机化合物制成的双异质结构器件的垂直层叠层。 垂直堆叠结构形成在具有ITO或类似金属的透明涂层的玻璃基底上以提供基底。 沉积在衬底上的是三个双异质结构器件的垂直堆叠布置，每个由异质结构器件制成，每个由合适的有机材料制成。 实施堆叠，使得具有最长波长的双异质结构位于堆叠的顶部。 这构成在顶部发射红光的装置，其中装置具有最短波长，即发射蓝光的装置，在堆叠的底部。 位于红色和蓝色的设备结构之间是绿色设备结构。 这些器件被配置为堆叠以提供阶梯轮廓，由此每个器件通过薄的透明导电接触层与另一个分离，以使来自每个器件的光能够透过半透明触点并通过下部器件结构，同时进一步启用 每个设备接收选择性偏差。 当断电时，这些器件基本上是透明的，使得它们对于平视显示器应用是有用的。

公开(公告)号：US06525683B1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-25

申请号：US09956272

申请日：2001-09-19

申请人： Gong Gu

发明人： Gong Gu

IPC分类号： H03M188

CPC分类号： G09G3/2014 ,  G09G3/2081 ,  G09G3/3216 ,  G09G2310/027 ,  G09G2320/0276 ,  G09G2320/0285 ,  G09G2320/043 ,  G09G2320/048 ,  H03M1/664

摘要： A digital signal directed to a display (e.g., a plurality of display elements forming an array of display elements) may be converted into an analog signal using a nonlinear relationship. In one embodiment, a drive signal may be provided to at least one display element of the array of display elements in response to calibration data. Embedding the calibration data using the nonlinear relationship, the amplitude of the drive signal may be determined in order to control a perceptible output from the at least one display element of the array of display elements. Thus, a compensation for initial non-uniformity degradation over time, and/or non-uniform degradation may be provided to the at least one display element of the array of display elements. The nonlinear relationship reduces the number of discrete calibration data levels required to avoid perceptible contrast among neighboring pixels that leads to contouring effects. Optionally, a gamma correction may also be simultaneously provided with the compensation by adjusting the duration of the drive signal directed to the at least one display element of the array of display elements.

摘要翻译： 可以使用非线性关系将指向显示器的数字信号（例如，形成显示元件阵列的多个显示元件）转换为模拟信号。 在一个实施例中，驱动信号可以响应于校准数据提供给显示元件阵列的至少一个显示元件。 可以使用非线性关系嵌入校准数据，可以确定驱动信号的幅度，以便控制来自显示元件阵列的至少一个显示元件的可感知输出。 因此，可以向显示元件阵列的至少一个显示元件提供对初始不均匀性随时间的退化和/或不均匀退化的补偿。 非线性关系减少了导致轮廓效应的相邻像素之间的可察觉对比度所需的离散校准数据水平的数量。 可选地，还可以通过调整指向显示元件阵列的至少一个显示元件的驱动信号的持续时间来同时提供伽马校正。