摘要:
Sensor apparatus includes a housing, a probe mounted to the housing, the probe including an elongate first part and a helical coil second part conductively coupled to each in series with first and second terminals at opposite ends thereof, the probe to be inserted into an exhaust stream in an exhaust corridor; and a circuit coupled to the first and second terminals of the sensor probe, to selectively operate the probe as a temperature sensor in a first mode and as a PM sensor in a second mode.
摘要:
Method and system for controlling cylinder to cylinder variations of undesirable emissions in exhaust gas of engines with exhaust gas recirculation. An engine model is used to predict the intake composition of the next cylinder firing based on the composition of the exhaust, as a function of time and applicable engine conditions. At least one engine parameter is adjusted to compensate for the predicted intake composition in order to minimize cylinder to cylinder variations.
摘要:
A multivariable controller that models the interaction between groups of sensors and groups of actuators during the operation of an engine. By accounting for the interactive effects that a group of actuators has on a sensor or group of sensors, improved system performance may be achieved. When emission sensors are used, such as NOX and/or PM sensors, the multivariable controller may help control the various engine actuators to reduce emissions of the engine.
摘要:
An oil quality sensor system comprise an acoustic wave viscosity and an etch rate sensor. The etch rate sensor system includes a piezoelectric substrate and one or more sensing layers configured upon the piezoelectric substrate. A layer of gold is generally configured above the sensing layer(s), such that the gold layer provides protection to the sensing layer(s), thereby extending the operating life of the resulting etch rate sensor system. The sensing layer(s) generally comprises one or more reactive electrodes. The etch rate sensor system can be adapted for use in a permanent oil quality sensor application.
摘要:
Systems and methods are discussed that detect the position of an actuator. One aspect of the present invention includes a system to detect a position of an actuator. The system includes a magnetic source coupled to the actuator radiating a field, at least two sensors to generate a response based on angles of the field, and an analyzer receptive to the response to produce an enhanced position of the magnetic source. Such analysis occurs in the presence of undesired effects arising from misalignment of the at least two sensors. Another aspect of the present invention includes a method for detecting a position of an actuator. The method includes interpolating a response of at least two sensors to form a quantity. The quantity is indicative of a position of a magnetic source coupled to the actuator. The method further includes adjusting the quantity by selecting one of two compensation techniques. One compensation technique is based on maximum slopes of the response curve. Another compensation technique is based on minimum separation of a cubic fit of the response curve.
摘要:
A position determining apparatus including a magnet that is attached to a movable member which moves along a predefined path of finite length. An array of magnetic field transducers are located adjacent to the predefined path. The transducers provide a bipolar output signal as the magnet approaches, passes and moves away from each transducer. A correction mechanism is provided to correct for residual error caused by the non-linearity of the transducers. The correction mechanism preferably approximates the residual error with a predetermined function, and applies correction factors that correspond to the predetermined function to offset the residual error. By correcting for the non-linearity of the transducers, the length of the magnet may be reduced and/or the spacing of the transducers may be reduced.
摘要:
A capacitance-based moisture sensor may include a sleeve having an internal cavity, a container filled with soil or other material inserted into the internal cavity, and a pair of ring-shaped conductive bands around the exterior of the sleeve forming a capacitor and providing a frequency output. The rings positioned around a perimeter of the sleeve may be connected to a fixed inductor to form an oscillator with a variable frequency output. The sensor may be calibrated from the frequency output for each of a plurality of substances, measuring the volumetric water content for saturation of the material, and determining at least one fitting constant in an equation wherein volumetric water content is a function of the frequency output and a plurality of fitting constants.
摘要:
A system for controlling fuel to an engine to minimize emissions in an exhaust of the engine. There may be a controller connected to an actuator, for example a fuel control actuator, of the engine and to emissions sensors, such as an NOx and/or PM sensor, proximate to an exhaust output of the engine. The controller, for example a speed controller, may have an input connected to an output of a pedal or desired speed setting mechanism. A speed sensor at a power output of the engine may be connected to an input of the controller.
摘要:
An assembly is provided comprising a member having a graduated edge that varies in radius with respect to an axis, and a sensor adjacent to the graduated edge, the member and the sensor are capable of rotating relative to one another. The sensor provides a signal level proportional to a distance between the sensor and the graduated edge, and the distance, between the sensor and the graduated edge, is indicative of a rotation angle of the member relative to the sensor.
摘要:
A method and system to detect a position of a member movable along a defined path is described. The system includes a magnetic source, an array of sensors, and an analyzer. The magnetic source radiates a magnetic field and is coupled to a movable member. The array of sensors is fixed relative to the movable member. Each sensor generates an output response value based on an angle of the magnetic field passing through each sensor. The array of sensors produces a plurality of output response values for a first position of the movable member. The analyzer receives the plurality of output response values and calculates a composite output response value to determine the first position of the movable member.