公开(公告)号：US20050135727A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-23

申请号：US11013722

申请日：2004-12-16

申请人： David Piede ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Robert Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Soham Pathak ,  Katherine Yanushefski

发明人： David Piede ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Robert Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Soham Pathak ,  Katherine Yanushefski

IPC分类号： G02B6/42 ,  G02B6/12

CPC分类号： G02B6/4277 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02B6/4246 ,  H01L2224/48091 ,  H01L2224/49175 ,  H01L2924/00014

摘要： An SOI-based opto-electronic structure includes various electronic components disposed with their associated optical components within a single SOI layer, forming a monolithic arrangement. EMI/EMC shielding is provided by forming a metallized outer layer on the surface of an external prism coupler that interfaces with the SOI layer, the metallized layer including transparent apertures to allow an optical signal to be coupled into and out of the SOI layer. The opposing surface of the prism coupler may also be coated with a metallic material to provide additional shielding. Further, metallic shielding plates may be formed on the SOI structure itself, overlying the locations of EMI-sensitive electronics. All of these metallic layers are ultimately coupled to an external ground plane to isolate the structure and provide the necessary shielding.

摘要翻译： 基于SOI的光电结构包括在单个SOI层内与其相关联的光学部件一起设置的各种电子部件，形成单片布置。 通过在与SOI层相接的外部棱镜耦合器的表面上形成金属化的外层来提供EMI / EMC屏蔽，金属化层包括透明的孔，以允许光信号耦合到SOI层中。 棱镜耦合器的相对表面也可以用金属材料涂覆以提供额外的屏蔽。 此外，金属屏蔽板可以形成在SOI结构本身上，覆盖EMI敏感电子器件的位置。 所有这些金属层最终被耦合到外部接地平面以隔离结构并提供必要的屏蔽。

公开(公告)号：US20050123232A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-09

申请号：US11005286

申请日：2004-12-06

申请人： David Piede ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Robert Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Soham Pathak ,  Katherine Yanushefski ,  Harvey Wagner

发明人： David Piede ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Robert Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Soham Pathak ,  Katherine Yanushefski ,  Harvey Wagner

IPC分类号： G02B20060101 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G02B6/125 ,  G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/42

CPC分类号： G02B6/1228 ,  G02B6/125 ,  G02B6/4207

摘要： A planar optical isolator is formed within the silicon surface layer of an SOI structure. A forward-directed signal is applied to an input waveguiding section of the isolator and thereafter propagates through a non-reciprocal waveguide coupling region into an output waveguide section. A rearward-directed signal enters via the output waveguide section and is thereafter coupled into the non-reciprocal waveguide structure, where the geometry of the structure functions to couple only a small amount of the reflected signal into the input waveguide section. In one embodiment, the non-reciprocal structure comprises an N-way directional coupler (with one output waveguide, one input waveguide and N-1 isolating waveguides). In another embodiment, the non-reciprocal structure comprises a waveguide expansion region including a tapered, mode-matching portion coupled to the output waveguide and an enlarged, non-mode matching portion coupled to the input waveguide such that a majority of a reflected signal will be mismatched with respect to the input waveguide section. By cascading a number of such planar SOI-based structures, increased isolation can be achieved—advantageously within a monolithic arrangement.

摘要翻译： 在SOI结构的硅表面层内形成平面光隔离器。 正向信号被施加到隔离器的输入波导部分，然后通过非互易波导耦合区域传播到输出波导部分中。 后向信号经由输出波导部分进入，然后耦合到不可逆波导结构中，其中结构的几何结构仅将少量的反射信号耦合到输入波导部分中。 在一个实施例中，非互易结构包括N路定向耦合器（具有一个输出波导，一个输入波导和N-1个隔离波导）。 在另一个实施例中，不可逆结构包括波导扩展区域，其包括耦合到输出波导的锥形模式匹配部分和耦合到输入波导的放大的非模式匹配部分，使得反射信号的大部分将 相对于输入波导部分不匹配。 通过级联多个这种平面的基于SOI的结构，可以实现增加的隔离 - 有利地在单片布置中。

公开(公告)号：US20080253713A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-16

申请号：US12157630

申请日：2008-06-12

申请人： David Piede ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Robert Keith Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Soham Pathak ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Katherine A. Yanushefski

发明人： David Piede ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Robert Keith Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Soham Pathak ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Katherine A. Yanushefski

IPC分类号： G02B6/12

CPC分类号： G02B6/12004 ,  G02B6/125 ,  G02B2006/12061 ,  G02B2006/12097 ,  G02B2006/12104 ,  G02B2006/12176 ,  G02B2006/12195

摘要： An arrangement for providing optical crossovers between waveguides formed in an SOI-based structure utilize a patterned geometry in the SOI structure that is selected to reduce the effects of crosstalk in the area where the signals overlap. Preferably, the optical signals are fixed to propagate along orthogonal directions (or are of different wavelengths) to minimize the effects of crosstalk. The geometry of the SOI structure is patterned to include predetermined tapers and/or reflecting surfaces to direct/shape the propagating optical signals. The patterned waveguide regions within the optical crossover region may be formed to include overlying polysilicon segments to further shape the propagating beams and improve the coupling efficiency of the crossover arrangement.

摘要翻译： 用于在基于SOI的结构中形成的波导之间提供光学交叉的装置利用SOI结构中的图案化几何形状，其被选择以减少信号重叠的区域中串扰的影响。 优选地，光信号被固定以沿着正交方向（或不同波长）传播，以最小化串扰的影响。 SOI结构的几何形状被图案化以包括预定的锥形和/或反射表面以引导/形成传播的光学信号。 光学交叉区域内的图案化波导区域可以形成为包括覆盖多晶硅段，以进一步使传播波束成形，并提高交叉布置的耦合效率。

公开(公告)号：US20050094939A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

申请号：US10935146

申请日：2004-09-07

申请人： Margaret Ghiron ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Robert Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Soham Pathak ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Katherine Yanushefski

发明人： Margaret Ghiron ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Robert Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Soham Pathak ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Katherine Yanushefski

IPC分类号： G02B20060101 ,  G02B6/34

CPC分类号： G02B6/12007 ,  G02B6/124 ,  G02B6/34

摘要： An arrangement for achieving and maintaining high efficiency coupling of light between a multi-wavelength optical signal and a relatively thin (e.g., sub-micron) silicon optical waveguide uses a prism coupler in association with an evanescent coupling layer. A grating structure having a period less than the wavelengths of transmission is formed in the coupling region (either formed in the silicon waveguide, evanescent coupling layer, prism coupler, or any combination thereof) so as to increase the effective refractive index “seen” by the multi-wavelength optical signal in the area where the beam exiting/entering the prism coupler intercepts the waveguide surface (referred to as the “prism coupling surface”). The period and/or duty cycle of the grating can be controlled to modify the effective refractive index profile in the direction away from the coupling region so as to reduce the effective refractive index from the relatively high value useful in multi-wavelength coupling to the lower value associated with maintaining confinement of the optical signals within the surface waveguide structure, thus reducing reflections along the transition region.

摘要翻译： 用于实现和维持多波长光信号和较薄（例如亚微米）硅光波导之间的高效率耦合的布置使用与渐逝耦合层相关联的棱镜耦合器。 在耦合区域（形成在硅波导，ev逝耦合层，棱镜耦合器或其任何组合中）形成具有小于透射波长的周期的光栅结构，以便通过“看到”来提高有效折射率 离开/进入棱镜耦合器的光束截取波导表面（称为“棱镜耦合表面”）的区域中的多波长光信号。 可以控制光栅的周期和/或占空比以在远离耦合区域的方向上改变有效折射率分布，以便将有效折射率从在多波长耦合中的有用折射率降低到较低的值 与保持表面波导结构内的光信号的限制相关联的值，从而减少沿着过渡区域的反射。

公开(公告)号：US20050094938A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

申请号：US10935145

申请日：2004-09-07

申请人： Margaret Ghiron ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Robert Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Soham Pathak ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Katherine Yanushefski

发明人： Margaret Ghiron ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Robert Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Soham Pathak ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Katherine Yanushefski

IPC分类号： G02B20060101 ,  G02B6/34

CPC分类号： G02B6/12007 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G02B6/29311 ,  G02B6/34

摘要： A coupling arrangement for allowing multiple wavelengths to be coupled into and out of a relatively thin silicon optical waveguide layer utilizes a diffractive optical element, in the form of a volume phase grating, in combination with a prism coupling structure. The diffractive optical element is formed to comprise a predetermined modulation index sufficient to diffract the various wavelengths through angles associated with improving the coupling efficiency of each wavelength into the silicon waveguide. The diffractive optical element may be formed as a separate element, or formed as an integral part of the coupling facet of the prism coupler.

摘要翻译： 用于允许多个波长耦合到相对薄的硅光波导层中的耦合布置利用体积相位光栅的形式的衍射光学元件与棱镜耦合结构组合。 衍射光学元件被形成为包括足以将各种波长衍射成与提高每个波长到硅波导的耦合效率相关联的角度的预定调制指数。 衍射光学元件可以形成为单独的元件，或者形成为棱镜耦合器的耦合面的整体部分。

公开(公告)号：US20100316388A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-16

申请号：US12813562

申请日：2010-06-11

申请人： Kalpendu Shastri ,  Bipin Dama ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Mark Webster

发明人： Kalpendu Shastri ,  Bipin Dama ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Mark Webster

IPC分类号： H04B10/00

CPC分类号： H04N7/22 ,  G09G5/006 ,  G09G2370/12 ,  G09G2370/18

摘要： An HDMI interconnect arrangement is presented that performs a pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) conversion of the TMDS audio/video signals in order to simultaneously transmit all three channels over a single optical fiber. The set of three audio/video TMDS channels is applied as an input to a PAM-8 optical modulator, which functions to encode the set of three channels onto an optically-modulated output signal. The modulated optical signal is thereafter coupled into an optical fiber within an active HDMI cable and transmitted to an HDMI receiver (sink). The TMDS CLK signal is not included in this conversion into the optical domain, but remains as a separate electrical signal to be transmitted along a copper signal path within the active HDMI cable.

摘要翻译： 呈现HDMI互连布置，其执行TMDS音频/视频信号的脉冲幅度调制（PAM）转换，以便通过单根光纤同时传输所有三个通道。 三组音频/视频TMDS通道的组合被用作PAM-8光调制器的输入，PAM-8光调制器用于将三个通道的组合编码到光调制的输出信号上。 调制的光信号此后耦合到有源HDMI电缆中的光纤中，并被传输到HDMI接收器（接收器）。 TMDS CLK信号不包含在该转换到光学域中，而是作为单独的电信号保持在有源HDMI电缆内的铜信号路径上传输。

公开(公告)号：US08340529B2

公开(公告)日：2012-12-25

申请号：US12813562

申请日：2010-06-11

申请人： Kalpendu Shastri ,  Bipin Dama ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Mark Webster

发明人： Kalpendu Shastri ,  Bipin Dama ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Mark Webster

IPC分类号： H04B10/12

CPC分类号： H04N7/22 ,  G09G5/006 ,  G09G2370/12 ,  G09G2370/18

摘要： An HDMI interconnect arrangement is presented that performs a pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) conversion of the TMDS audio/video signals in order to simultaneously transmit all three channels over a single optical fiber. The set of three audio/video TMDS channels is applied as an input to a PAM-8 optical modulator, which functions to encode the set of three channels onto an optically-modulated output signal. The modulated optical signal is thereafter coupled into an optical fiber within an active HDMI cable and transmitted to an HDMI receiver (sink). The TMDS CLK signal is not included in this conversion into the optical domain, but remains as a separate electrical signal to be transmitted along a copper signal path within the active HDMI cable.

摘要翻译： 呈现HDMI互连布置，其执行TMDS音频/视频信号的脉冲幅度调制（PAM）转换，以便通过单根光纤同时传输所有三个通道。 三组音频/视频TMDS通道的组合被用作PAM-8光调制器的输入，PAM-8光调制器用于将三个通道的组合编码到光调制的输出信号上。 调制的光信号此后耦合到有源HDMI电缆中的光纤中，并被传输到HDMI接收器（接收器）。 TMDS CLK信号不包含在该转换到光学域中，而是作为单独的电信号保持在有源HDMI电缆内的铜信号路径上传输。

公开(公告)号：US07587106B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-08

申请号：US12157630

申请日：2008-06-12

申请人： David Piede ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Robert Keith Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Soham Pathak ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Katherine A. Yanushefski

发明人： David Piede ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Robert Keith Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Soham Pathak ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Katherine A. Yanushefski

IPC分类号： G02B6/12

CPC分类号： G02B6/12004 ,  G02B6/125 ,  G02B2006/12061 ,  G02B2006/12097 ,  G02B2006/12104 ,  G02B2006/12176 ,  G02B2006/12195

摘要： An arrangement for providing optical crossovers between waveguides formed in an SOI-based structure utilize a patterned geometry in the SOI structure that is selected to reduce the effects of crosstalk in the area where the signals overlap. Preferably, the optical signals are fixed to propagate along orthogonal directions (or are of different wavelengths) to minimize the effects of crosstalk. The geometry of the SOI structure is patterned to include predetermined tapers and/or reflecting surfaces to direct/shape the propagating optical signals. The patterned waveguide regions within the optical crossover region may be formed to include overlying polysilicon segments to further shape the propagating beams and improve the coupling efficiency of the crossover arrangement.

摘要翻译： 用于在基于SOI的结构中形成的波导之间提供光学交叉的装置利用SOI结构中的图案化几何形状，其被选择以减少信号重叠的区域中串扰的影响。 优选地，光信号被固定以沿着正交方向（或不同波长）传播，以最小化串扰的影响。 SOI结构的几何形状被图案化以包括预定的锥形和/或反射表面以引导/形成传播的光学信号。 光学交叉区域内的图案化波导区域可以形成为包括覆盖多晶硅段，以进一步使传播波束成形，并提高交叉布置的耦合效率。

公开(公告)号：US07440703B2

公开(公告)日：2008-10-21

申请号：US11362305

申请日：2006-02-22

申请人： Kalpendu Shastri ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Robert Keith Montgomery ,  Soham Pathak ,  Katherine A. Yanushefski

发明人： Kalpendu Shastri ,  Prakash Gothoskar ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Robert Keith Montgomery ,  Soham Pathak ,  Katherine A. Yanushefski

IPC分类号： H04B10/04 ,  G02B26/00 ,  G02B6/26

CPC分类号： G02F1/025 ,  G02F1/0121 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02F2001/0152 ,  H04B10/505 ,  H04B10/58

摘要： An electro-optic modulator arrangement for achieving switching speeds greater than 1 Gb/s utilizes pre-emphasis pulses to accelerate the change in refractive index of the optical waveguide used to form the electro-optic modulator. In one embodiment, a feedback loop may be added to use a portion of the modulated optical output signal to adjust the magnitude and duration of the pre-emphasis pulses, as well as the various reference levels used for modulated. For free carrier-based electro-optic modulators, including silicon-based electro-optic modulators, the pre-emphasis pulses are used to accelerate the movement of free carriers at the transitions between input signal data values.

摘要翻译： 用于实现大于1Gb / s的开关速度的电光调制器装置利用预加重脉冲来加速用于形成电光调制器的光波导的折射率变化。 在一个实施例中，可以添加反馈回路以使用调制的光输出信号的一部分来调整预加重脉冲的幅度和持续时间以及用于调制的各种参考电平。 对于基于硅的电光调制器的自由载体的电光调制器，预加重脉冲用于加速在输入信号数据值之间的转变处的自由载流子的移动。

公开(公告)号：US07298949B2

公开(公告)日：2007-11-20

申请号：US11042774

申请日：2005-01-24

申请人： Prakash Gothoskar ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Robert Keith Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Soham Pathak ,  David Piede ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Katherine A. Yanushefski

发明人： Prakash Gothoskar ,  Margaret Ghiron ,  Robert Keith Montgomery ,  Vipulkumar Patel ,  Soham Pathak ,  David Piede ,  Kalpendu Shastri ,  Katherine A. Yanushefski

IPC分类号： G02B6/10 ,  G02B6/12

CPC分类号： G02F1/025 ,  G02F2202/32

摘要： An SOI-based photonic bandgap (PBG) electro-optic device utilizes a patterned PBG structure to define a two-dimensional waveguide within an active waveguiding region of the SOI electro-optic device. The inclusion of the PBG columnar arrays within the SOI structure results in providing extremely tight lateral confinement of the optical mode within the waveguiding structure, thus significantly reducing the optical loss. By virtue of including the PBG structure, the associated electrical contacts may be placed in closer proximity to the active region without affecting the optical performance, thus increasing the switching speed of the electro-optic device. The overall device size, capacitance and resistance are also reduced as a consequence of using PBGs for lateral mode confinement.

摘要翻译： 基于SOI的光子带隙（PBG）电光器件利用图案化的PBG结构来在SOI电光器件的有源波导区域内限定二维波导。 在SOI结构中包含PBG柱状阵列导致在波导结构内提供光学模式的非常紧密的侧向约束，从而显着减少光学损耗。 通过包括PBG结构，相关联的电触点可以放置在更接近有源区域而不影响光学性能，从而增加电光器件的切换速度。 由于使用PBG用于横向模式限制，整个装置尺寸，电容和电阻也减小。