摘要:
The invention relates to melamine-formaldehyde condensates with thermoplastic properties that can be produced from formaldehyde and melamine derivatives, wherein at least one of the melamine derivatives organic radicals R have been used to substitute at least four of the total of six hydrogen atoms of the three melamine amino groups, and wherein the organic radicals R are mutually identical or different. The invention also relates to a process for production of the melamine-formaldehyde condensates, use thereof, and an analytical method for determining the constitution of the melamine-formaldehyde condensates.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing aldehydes and ketones from easily accessible primary and secondary alcohols by oxidation with atmospheric oxygen or pure oxygen using a catalyst system which consists of a derivative of a free nitroxyl radical.
摘要:
An optical detection system has a component support, in which is disposed at least one optical element, and a separate detector unit having a mechanical connection to the component support. The component support and the detector unit are arranged in such a way that light entering into the component support can be guided through the at least one optical element to the detector unit and that the mechanical connection between the component support and the detector unit is configured in a releasable manner by means of a retaining element which is detachably connected to the component support and the detector unit.
摘要:
The present invention relates to water-absorbing polymer structures, whose surface has been brought into contact with a compound comprising a polycation and at least one anion. The invention further relates to a process for treating the surface of water-absorbing polymer structures, the surface-treated water-absorbing polymer structures obtainable by this process, a composite comprising a surface-treated, water-absorbing polymer structure as well as a substrate, a process for production of a composite, the composite obtainable by this process, chemical products such as foams, formed bodies, and fibers comprising surface-treated water-absorbing polymer structures or a composite, the use of surface-treated, water-absorbing polymer structures or of a composite in chemical products as well as the use of compounds comprising a polycation with a given structure for the treatment of the surface of water-absorbing polymer structures.
摘要:
A water-absorbing polymer structure is disclosed, whose surface has been brought into contact with a combination of a metal salt and an oxide of a metal. The invention also relates to a process for treating the surface of water-absorbing polymer structures whereby the surface of water-absorbing polymer structures is brought into contact with a combination of a metal salt and an oxide of a metal at a temperature of from about 50 to about 300° C. The present invention further relates to the water-absorbing polymer structures obtainable by this process, a composite comprising a water-absorbing polymer structure and a substrate, chemical products such as foams and fibers comprising water-absorbing polymer structures or a composite, and the use of a combination of an oxide of a metal and of a metal salt for treatment of the surface of super-absorbing polymer structures.
摘要:
A method for injecting a fluid, in particular a fuel, performs the following steps: A nozzle (1) which can be actuated by a piezo element (5) is provided. A current pulse (12a) is supplied to the piezo element (5). The capacity (16) of the piezo element (5) is recorded at the time when the current pulse (12a) is supplied. An actual characteristic curve of the injection is recorded based on the capacity (16). The current pulse (12a) is regulated in order to optimize the injection based on the actual characteristic curve of the injection.
摘要:
The invention relates generally to a process for producing a hydrophilic polymer, a prediction process, hygiene articles, and other chemical products, which comprise a hydrophilic polymer produced according to the process according to the invention, as well as the use of a polymer according to the invention in hygiene articles and further chemical products and the use of a computer-generated model for determination of different values and a process for production of hydrophilic polymer-comprising further processing products.
摘要:
An optical module has a lens holder into which a lens array with three lenses and a diaphragm, for example, is inserted. The lenses and the diaphragm are oriented by way of the geometrical shape thereof such that no further optical adjustment is required. The circuit carrier and the lens unit are adjusted via at least one permanently flexible or springy element which is disposed between the lens holder and the circuit carrier and presses the component-equipped area of the circuit carrier away from the lens holder and against at least one stop element that is in positive contact with the lens unit. In the novel optical module or optical system it is no longer necessary to take into account the thickness tolerance of the circuit carrier and possible adhesives in the tolerance chain of optical modules. The module and the system are particularly suitable interior or exterior zone applications in motor vehicles.
摘要:
An optical module has a lens holder into which a lens array formed of three lenses and a diaphragm, for example, is inserted. The lenses, and optionally the diaphragm, are clearly oriented by way of the geometrical shape thereof such that no further optical adjustment is required while the lens array is disposed in a supported manner directly on the sensitive surface of the semiconductor element. A camera module can be designed which dispenses with the need to mechanically adjust the focus in any manner by supporting especially the lens holder or the lens or the peripheral area thereof directly on the chip surface. The optical module is particularly suitable for applications in the interior or exterior zone of a motor vehicle.
摘要:
Disclosed is acetylated wood which has an acetyl group content of 3 to 30 percent by weight and can be produced by reacting wood products with isopropenyl acetate at temperatures of 50 to 125° C. in the present of 0.02 to 2 percent by weight of acid catalyst, the percentage being in relation to the used isopropenyl acetate. The reaction with isopropenyl acetate can take place in a liquid phase or gas phase. The acetylated wood produced according to said method is suitable for wood products requiring high dimensional stability and extended natural durability.