摘要:
The invention is devised to provide a magnetoresistive element that is hardly susceptible to harmful influence of unnecessary magnetic fields and noise of heat even when reduction in size is achieved to be adaptable to higher recording density, and therefore that is excellent in operational reliability. The magnetoresistive element includes a stacked structure including, in order: a magnetically pinned layer whose magnetization direction is fixed in a given direction; a non-magnetic layer; a magnetically free layer whose magnetization direction changes according to an external magnetic field; and an antiferromagnetic bias layer exchange-coupled with the magnetically free layer. The exchange-coupling magnetic field between the magnetically free layer and the antiferromagnetic bias layer is smaller than a saturation magnetic field of the magnetically free layer.
摘要:
An MR element includes a first ferromagnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer, a spacer layer disposed between the first and second ferromagnetic layers; and an antiferromagnetic layer disposed on a side of the first ferromagnetic layer farther from the spacer layer. The antiferromagnetic layer is disposed away from a detection surface. The first ferromagnetic layer includes: a first portion having an end face located in the detection surface and a rear end opposite to the end face; and a second portion located away from the detection surface and connected to the rear end of the first portion. The first portion has a first surface touching the spacer layer, and a second surface that is opposite to the first surface and that does not touch the antiferromagnetic layer. The second portion has a third surface touching the antiferromagnetic layer, and a fourth surface opposite to the third surface. The distance between the first surface and the second surface is smaller than the distance between the third surface and an imaginary plane including the first surface.
摘要:
A interferometer type polarization beam combiner and splitter, which can combine or split polarized light over a wide band, is provided. The interferometer type polarization beam combiner and splitter includes: an optical splitter; an optical coupler; an optical path length difference imparting unit, which includes a plurality of optical waveguides arranged between the optical splitting unit and the optical coupling unit; one or two input/output ports connected to the optical splitter; and two input/output ports connected to the optical coupler. A half-integer of a wavelength of λc is set as a normalized phase difference, for the optical path length difference imparting unit, between two polarization states, and means for generating a difference in refractive index dispersion is provided between the optical waveguides of the optical path length difference imparting unit, so that the change rate of the transmittance with respect to wavelength is suppressed for the two polarization states.
摘要:
A photosensitive conductive film 10 according to the invention includes a support film 1, a conductive layer 2 containing conductive fiber formed on the support film 1, and a photosensitive resin layer 3 formed on the conductive layer 2.
摘要:
In one embodiment a relief safety valve driving system that supplies a driving gas by use of a relief safety valve driving unit and thereby opens a relief safety valve provided in a main steam system of a nuclear power plant if an accident or a transient state occurs, for protecting a reactor against pressurization, wherein the relief safety valve driving unit opens the relief safety valve by supplying the driving gas to the relief safety valve by one or more auto-depressurization system actuating signals, among auto-depressurization system actuating signals respectively belonging to three safety segments, or by a relief valve functions actuating signal, and closes the relief safety valve without supplying the driving gas thereto when none of the auto-depressurization system actuating signals and the relief valve functions actuating signal is generated.
摘要:
A wired circuit board has an insulating layer extending in a longitudinal direction, a conductive layer having a plurality of signal wirings covered with the insulating layer and arranged in mutually spaced-apart and parallel relation in a perpendicular direction to the longitudinal direction and a thickness direction of the insulating layer, and connecting terminals provided on both longitudinal ends of each of the signal wirings and exposed from the insulating layer, and a ground layer covered with the insulating layer and formed to surround each of the signal wirings in a perpendicular direction to the longitudinal direction. A slit along the longitudinal direction is formed between each of the signal wirings in the insulating layer.
摘要:
A developing unit includes a developing roller which rotates about a rotational axis to supply toner to a photoreceptor, the developing roller including: a cylindrical core portion which includes an electric conductor; a first resistive layer which covers a cylindrical surface of the core portion; a second resistive layer which covers the first resistive layer, and has electric-resistivity lower than that of the first resistive layer; and a current leakage control member which prevents leakage of electric current from the core portion toward the second resistive layer through an end of the developing roller along a direction of the rotational axis.
摘要:
A magnetoresistive element includes: a detection surface that receives a magnetic field to be detected; a free layer made of a ferromagnetic material, having an end face located in the detection surface, and exhibiting a change in magnetization direction in response to the magnetic field to be detected; a pinned layer made of a ferromagnetic material, disposed away from the detection surface, and having a fixed magnetization direction; and a coupling portion made of a nonmagnetic material and coupling the free layer to the pinned layer. The coupling portion includes a nonmagnetic conductive layer that allows electrons to be conducted while conserving their spins.
摘要:
To provide a manufacturing method of a superconducting radio-frequency acceleration cavity used in a charged particle accelerator enabling the manufacturing with few waste amounts of the niobium material at low cost in a short time, the manufacturing method has each of the steps of (a) obtaining an ingot made from a disk-shaped niobium material, (b) slicing and cutting the niobium ingot into a plurality of niobium plates each with a predetermined thickness, by vibrating multiple wires back and forth while spraying fine floating abrasive grains with the niobium ingot supported, (c) removing the floating abrasive grains adhered to the sliced niobium plates, and (d) performing deep draw forming on the niobium plates and thereby obtaining a niobium cell of a desired shape.
摘要:
There is provided a very thin light guide plate for a surface light source device and a method of manufacturing it without the use of high-precision molding machine. A surface light source device using this light guide plate generates outgoing light having high uniformity. According to the manufacturing method, a light guide plate free from a weld line or warp can be manufactured with good transferring characteristics. The light guide plate is thick on an incident surface 1 side and thin on a lower surface 4 side. At the central portion of an incident surface 1 in a longitudinal direction, a projecting portion obtained by cutting an overhang portion 7 at a position a distance D apart from the incident surface 1 is formed. The cut surface of the projecting portion is not made specular and is kept rough. In molding of the light guide plate, a molten material is supplied from the position of a gate mark 9. After molding, the overhang portion 7 is cut off by an ordinary cutter, thereby obtaining a light guide plate.