Abstract:
An apparatus including vertically separated acoustic resonators are disclosed. The apparatus includes a first acoustic resonator on a substrate and a second acoustic resonator vertically separated above the first acoustic resonator. Because the resonators are vertically separated above another, total area required to implement the resonators is reduced thereby savings in die size and cost are realized. The vertically separated resonators are supported by standoffs that are fabricated on the substrate, or on a resonator.
Abstract:
An acoustic resonator includes a substrate, a first electrode, a layer of piezoelectric material, a second electrode, and a recessed region. The substrate has a first surface. The first electrode is adjacent the first surface of the substrate. The layer of piezoelectric material is adjacent the first electrode. The second electrode is adjacent the layer of piezoelectric material. The second electrode has a second electrode perimeter that is shaped as a polygon. The recessed region is adjacent the second electrode. The recessed region has a shape defining a recessed region perimeter. The recessed region perimeter is recessed relative to the second electrode perimeter.
Abstract:
An apparatus including vertically separated acoustic resonators are disclosed. The apparatus includes a first acoustic resonator on a substrate and a second acoustic resonator vertically separated above the first acoustic resonator. Because the resonators are vertically separated above another, total area required to implement the resonators is reduced thereby savings in die size and cost are realized. The vertically separated resonators are supported by standoffs that are fabricated on the substrate, or on a resonator.
Abstract:
One embodiment of the film acoustically-coupled transformer (FACT) includes a decoupled stacked bulk acoustic resonator (DSBAR) having a lower film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) an upper FBAR stacked on the lower FBAR, and, between the FBARs, an acoustic decoupler comprising a layer of acoustic decoupling material. Each FBAR has opposed planar electrodes with a piezoelectric element between them. The FACT additionally has first terminals electrically connected to the electrodes of one FBAR and second terminals electrically connected to the electrodes of the other FBAR. Another embodiment has decoupled stacked bulk acoustic resonators (DSBARs), each as described above, a first electrical circuit interconnecting the lower FBARs, and a second electrical circuit interconnecting the upper FBARs. The FACT provides impedance transformation, can linking single-ended circuitry with balanced circuitry or vice versa and electrically isolates primary and secondary. Some embodiments are additionally electrically balanced.
Abstract:
A bulk acoustic wave device includes an acoustic decoupler between first and second film bulk acoustic resonators (FBARs). The first FBAR is resonant at a resonant frequency of the device and includes first and second planar electrodes abutting opposite sides of a first resonator volume free of any intervening electrodes and containing piezoelectric material disposed for acoustic vibrations parallel to a propagation axis normal to the first and second electrodes. The first FBAR has a first electrical impedance parallel to the propagation axis. The second FBAR is resonant at the resonant frequency and includes third and fourth planar electrodes abutting opposite sides of a second resonator volume free of any intervening electrodes and containing piezoelectric material disposed for acoustic vibrations parallel to the propagation axis. The second FBAR has a second electrical impedance parallel to the propagation axis and different from the first electrical impedance.
Abstract:
A resonator structure (FBAR) made of electrodes sandwich a piezoelectric material. The intersection of the two conducting electrodes defines the active area of the acoustic resonator. The active area is divided into two concentric areas; a perimeter or frame, and a central region. An annulus is added to one of the two conducting electrodes to improve the electrical performance (in terms of Q).
Abstract:
A bulk acoustic wave device includes an acoustic decoupler between first and second film bulk acoustic resonators (FBARs). The first FBAR is resonant at a resonant frequency of the device and includes first and second planar electrodes abutting opposite sides of a first resonator volume free of any intervening electrodes and containing piezoelectric material disposed for acoustic vibrations parallel to a propagation axis normal to the first and second electrodes. The first FBAR has a first electrical impedance parallel to the propagation axis. The second FBAR is resonant at the resonant frequency and includes third and fourth planar electrodes abutting opposite sides of a second resonator volume free of any intervening electrodes and containing piezoelectric material disposed for acoustic vibrations parallel to the propagation axis. The second FBAR has a second electrical impedance parallel to the propagation axis and different from the first electrical impedance.
Abstract:
A technique for producing a scent from a hand-held device involves receiving a scent mixture formula at a hand-held device, converting the scent mixture formula into dispense control signals, and generating a scent mixture in response to the dispense control signals, the scent mixture being generated from different base scents that are individually stored within the hand-held device. In an embodiment, the scent mixture formula includes a scent identifier and a scent quantifier related to each base scent that is used to generate the scent mixture. Mixing multiple base scents to generate scent mixtures greatly expands the range of different scents that can be generated at a hand-held device that stores a limited number of base scents. Further, encoding a scent mixture into a scent mixture formula enables scent mixtures to be easily shared between hand-held devices.
Abstract:
An apparatus including vertically separated acoustic resonators are disclosed. The apparatus includes a first acoustic resonator on a substrate and a second acoustic resonator vertically separated above the first acoustic resonator. Because the resonators are vertically separated above another, total area required to implement the resonators is reduced thereby savings in die size and cost are realized. The vertically separated resonators are supported by standoffs that are fabricated on the substrate, or on a resonator.