Abstract:
A genetically modified microorganism comprising a polynucleotide encoding α-ketoglutarate synthase or a mutant thereof, and a polynucleotide encoding pyruvate carboxylase or a mutant thereof; wherein the genetically modified microorganism has decreased malate quinone oxidoreductase activity and/or decreased phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity compared to an unmodified microorganism of the same type, and wherein the genetically modified microorganism produces 4-hydroxybutyrate.
Abstract:
A condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1, a light-emitting device including the same, and an electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device are disclosed:
Abstract:
An organometallic compound represented by Formula 1: M(L1)n1(L2)n2 Formula 1 wherein M is a transition metal, L1 is a ligand represented by Formula 2-1, L2 is a ligand represented by Formula 2-2, n1 and n2 are each independently 1 or 2, a sum of n1 and n2 is 2 or 3, and L1 and L2 are different from each other: wherein Y1, Y4, X1, X21, ring CY1, ring CY21, ring CY22, ring CY14, A1, a1, a2, b1, c1, R11 to R14, R21 to R23, and Z1 to Z5 are as defined in the specification, * and *′ in Formulae 2-1 and 2-2 each indicates a binding site to M, and * in Formula 3 indicates a binding site to ring CY1 in Formula 2-1.
Abstract:
Provided is an acid-tolerant yeast cell, a method of producing an organic acid by using the yeast cell, and a method of producing the yeast cell resistant to acid.
Abstract:
Provided are a microorganism having an enhanced activity of alpha-ketoglutarate decarboxylase and a method of producing 4-hydroxybutyrate or 1,4-butanediol using the same.
Abstract:
An aldehyde dehydrogenase mutant polypeptide, a recombinant microorganism including a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide, and a method of producing 1,4-butanediol by using the same.
Abstract:
A recombinant microorganism having increased iron-regulated ABC transporter activity and increased hydroxycarboxylic acid production, as well as a method of producing a hydroxycarboxylic acid using the recombinant microorganism, and a method of producing the recombinant microorganism.
Abstract:
An organometallic compound represented by Formula 1:
M1(L1)n1(L2)n2 Formula 1
wherein, M1 is a transition metal, L1 is a ligand represented by Formula 1A, and L2 is a ligand represented by Formula 1B, and n1 and n2 are each independently 1 or 2,
wherein X1 and X2 are each independently C or N, Y1 is O, S, Se, C(R5)(R6), or N(R7), X44 is N or C(R44), X45 is N or C(R45), X46 is N or C(R46), and X47 is N or C(R47), and the other substituent groups are as defined herein.
Abstract:
An organometallic compound represented by Formula 1:
M(L1)3 Formula 1
wherein M is iridium, and L1 is a ligand represented by Formula 2-1 or a ligand represented by Formula 2-2,
wherein Y1 is N, X11 is C(R11) or N, X12 is C(R12) or N, X1 is O, S, or N-{(T1)b1-(Z1)c1}, T1 is a single bond, a C1-C20 alkylene group that is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R10a, a C5-C30 carbocyclic group that is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R10a, or a C1-C30 heterocyclic group that is unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R10a, A1 to A4 are each independently C or N, wherein one of A1 to A4 is C bonded to an adjacent 5-membered ring, and another of A1 to A4 is C bonded to M in Formula 1, and the remaining substituent groups are as defined herein.