Abstract:
A liquid crystal composition including a dioxolane compound represented by the general formula (G1) as a chiral agent is provided. In the general formula (G1), R1 and R2 individually represent any of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and having a phenyl group as a substituent; R1 and R2 may be bonded to each other to form a ring; R3 and R4 individually represent any of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a cycloalkyl group; and R5 to R40 individually represent any of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
Abstract:
A novel material for a liquid crystal composition that can be used for various liquid crystal devices is provided. A novel cyanobiphenyl derivative represented by General Formula (G1) is provided. In General Formula (G1), R1 represents a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Note that in General Formula (G1), R1 may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent are fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), a cyano group (CN), a trifluoromethylsulfonyl group (SO2CF3), a trifluoromethyl group (CF3), a nitro group (NO2), an isothiocyanate group (NCS), and a pentafluorosulfanyl group (SF5).
Abstract:
A novel liquid crystal composition that can be used for a variety of liquid crystal devices is provided. A stable liquid crystal element that is driven at low voltage and that withstands physical impact is provided with the use of the novel liquid crystal composition. A highly reliable liquid crystal display device with low power consumption and high display quality is provided with the use of the liquid crystal element. The liquid crystal composition exhibits a blue phase and contains nematic liquid crystal, 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-2,5-bis[4-(n-hexyl-1-oxy)benzoic acid]sorbitol (abbreviation: ISO-(6OBA)2) represented by the structural formula (100) as a first chiral agent, and (4R,5R)-4,5-bis[hydroxy-di(phenanthren-9-yl)methyl]-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane (abbreviation: R-DOL-Pn) represented by the structural formula (101) as a second chiral agent.
Abstract:
A novel photoelectric conversion device that is highly convenient, useful, or reliable is provided. A photoelectric conversion device (550S) includes a first electrode (551S), a second electrode (552S), and a unit (103S); the unit (103S) is interposed between the first electrode (551S) and the second electrode (552S); the unit (103S) includes a first layer (113) and a second layer (114S); and the first layer (113) is interposed between the second electrode (552S) and the second layer (114S). The first layer (113) contains a first organic compound ETM, the first organic compound ETM has an electron-transport property, and the first organic compound ETM has a LUMO level in a first level LUMO1. The second layer (114S) contains a second organic compound CTM, the second organic compound CTM emits delayed fluorescent light at room temperature, and the second organic compound CTM has a LUMO level in a second level LUMO2. A difference between the second level LUMO2 and the first level LUMO1 is less than or equal to 1.0 eV.
Abstract:
A light-receiving device with a novel structure is provided. The provided light-receiving device includes a light-receiving layer between a pair of electrodes. The light-receiving layer includes an active layer. The active layer contains a first organic compound and a second organic compound. An absorption spectrum of the first organic compound has one or more peaks. At least one peak wavelength of the peaks is greater than or equal to 400 nm and less than or equal to 700 nm. The HOMO level of the second organic compound is higher than the HOMO level of the first organic compound. The difference between the HOMO level of the first organic compound and the HOMO level of the second organic compound is preferably higher than or equal to 0.2 eV and lower than or equal to 1.5 eV and further preferably higher than or equal to 0.4 eV and lower than or equal to 1.5 eV.
Abstract:
An organic semiconductor device that can achieve high resolution and favorable reliability is provided. The organic semiconductor device is one of a plurality of light-emitting devices formed over an insulating layer, which includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic compound layer. The organic compound layer is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode. The organic compound layer includes a layer containing a first compound. When differential scanning calorimetry is performed on the first compound in such a manner that a cooling step is performed from the state in which the first compound is melted in a first heating step and a second heating step is successively performed, an exothermic peak is not observed in the cooling step and an exothermic peak and a melting point peak are not observed in the second heating step.
Abstract:
A novel optical functional device that is highly convenient, useful, or reliable is provided. The optical functional device includes a light-emitting function, a photoelectric conversion function, a first electrode, a second electrode, and an optical functional layer. The light-emitting function converts electrical energy into first light, the first light has a first emission spectrum, and the first emission spectrum exhibits a maximum peak at a first wavelength. At a second wavelength, the intensity of the first emission spectrum is 80% of the maximum peak. The photoelectric conversion function has a spectral sensitivity characteristic; at a third wavelength, the spectral sensitivity characteristic has a maximum sensitivity within a range of 420 to 720 nm inclusive; and at a fourth wavelength, the sensitivity of the spectral sensitivity characteristic is 80% of the maximum sensitivity. The third wavelength is positioned closer to the second wavelength than to the first wavelength, and the fourth wavelength is positioned closer to the first wavelength than to the third wavelength.
Abstract:
A light-receiving device that is highly convenient, useful, or reliable is provided. The light-receiving device includes a light-receiving layer between a pair of electrodes, the light-receiving layer includes an active layer and a hole-transport layer, the hole-transport layer contains a first organic compound, and the first organic compound is an aromatic monoamine compound or a heteroaromatic monoamine compound having at least one skeleton of biphenylamine, carbazolylamine, dibenzofuranylamine, dibenzothiophenylamine, fluorenylamine, and spirofluorenylamine. Alternatively, the light-receiving device includes a light-receiving layer between a pair of electrodes, the light-receiving layer includes an electron-transport layer and an active layer, the electron-transport layer contains a second organic compound, and the second organic compound includes a triazine ring.
Abstract:
To provide a novel photoelectric conversion device that is highly convenient, useful, or reliable. The photoelectric conversion device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a first unit. The first unit is located between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first unit contains a first electron-donating material and a first electron-accepting material. The first electron-donating material is a condensed aromatic compound, and the first electron-accepting material has a perylene skeleton and two or more alkyl groups. The alkyl groups each independently have 1 to 13 carbon atoms.
Abstract:
A method of manufacturing a high-resolution display apparatus having a light sensing function is provided. The method for manufacturing a display apparatus includes: a first step of forming a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode; a second step of depositing a light-emitting and light-receiving film over the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode; a third step of depositing a first sacrificial film covering the light-emitting and light-receiving film; a fourth step of etching the first sacrificial film and the light-emitting and light-receiving film to form a light-emitting and light-receiving layer and a first sacrificial layer over the light-emitting and light-receiving layer and to expose the second pixel electrode; a fifth step of depositing an EL film over the first sacrificial layer and over the second pixel electrode; a sixth step of depositing a second sacrificial film covering the EL film; a seventh step of etching the second sacrificial film and the EL film to form an EL layer and a second sacrificial layer over the EL layer; an eighth step of removing the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer and exposing the light-emitting and light-receiving layer and the EL layer; and a ninth step of forming a common electrode covering the light-emitting and light-receiving layer and the EL layer.