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    Stacked organic photosensitive devices
    13.
    发明授权
    Stacked organic photosensitive devices 有权
    堆叠有机光敏元件

    公开(公告)号：US07915701B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-03-29

    申请号：US12123095

    申请日：2008-05-19

    Applicant: Stephen Forrest ,  Jiangeng Xue ,  Soichi Uchida ,  Barry P. Rand

    Inventor： Stephen Forrest ,  Jiangeng Xue ,  Soichi Uchida ,  Barry P. Rand

    IPC: H01L31/00

    CPC classification number: B82Y10/00 ,  H01L27/302 ,  H01L51/0021 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0051 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/424 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  Y02E10/549

    Abstract: A device is provided having a first electrode, a second electrode, a first photoactive region having a characteristic absorption wavelength λ1 and a second photoactive region having a characteristic absorption wavelength λ2. The photoactive regions are disposed between the first and second electrodes, and further positioned on the same side of a reflective layer, such that the first photoactive region is closer to the reflective layer than the second photoactive region. The materials comprising the photoactive regions may be selected such that λ1 is at least about 10% different from λ2. The device may further comprise an exciton blocking layer disposed adjacent to and in direct contact with the organic acceptor material of each photoactive region, wherein the LUMO of each exciton blocking layer other than that closest to the cathode is not more than about 0.3 eV greater than the LUMO of the acceptor material.

    Abstract translation: 提供了具有第一电极，第二电极，具有特征吸收波长λ1的第一光活性区域和具有特征吸收波长λ2的第二光活性区域的装置。 光活性区域设置在第一和第二电极之间，并且进一步定位在反射层的相同侧上，使得第一光活性区域比第二光活性区域更靠近反射层。 可以选择包含光活性区域的材料，使得λ1与λ2至少约10％不同。 该装置还可以包括邻近并与每个光活性区域的有机受体材料直接接触的激子阻挡层，其中除最接近阴极之外的每个激子阻挡层的LUMO不大于约0.3eV，大于约0.3eV 受体材料的LUMO。

    System and Method for Depositing Thin Layers on Non-Planar Substrates by Stamping
    15.
    发明申请
    System and Method for Depositing Thin Layers on Non-Planar Substrates by Stamping 有权
    通过冲压在非平面基板上沉积薄层的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20100189837A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-07-29

    申请号：US12697357

    申请日：2010-02-01

    Applicant: Stephen Forrest ,  Xin Xu ,  Xiangfei Qi ,  Marcelo Davanco

    Inventor： Stephen Forrest ,  Xin Xu ,  Xiangfei Qi ,  Marcelo Davanco

    IPC: B29C51/10

    CPC classification number: H01L51/0004 ,  B29D11/00807 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  G03F7/0002 ,  H01L51/0022

    Abstract: An elastomeric stamp is used to deposit material on a non-planar substrate. A vacuum mold is used to deform the elastomeric stamp and pressure is applied to transfer material from the stamp to the substrate. By decreasing the vacuum applied by the vacuum mold, the elasticity of the stamp may be used to apply this pressure. Pressure also may be applied by applying a force to the substrate and/or the stamp. The use of an elastomeric stamp allows for patterned layers to be deposited on a non-planar substrate with reduced chance of damage to the patterned layer.

    Abstract translation: 使用弹性体印模将材料沉积在非平面基底上。 使用真空模具来使弹性体印模变形，施加压力以将材料从印模转移到基底。 通过减小由真空模具施加的真空度，可以使用印模的弹性来施加该压力。 也可以通过向衬底和/或印模施加力来施加压力。 使用弹性体印记允许图案化层被沉积在非平面基板上，同时具有减小对图案化层的损伤的机会。

    Low Index Grids (LIG) To Increase Outcoupled Light From Top or Transparent OLED
    16.
    发明申请
    Low Index Grids (LIG) To Increase Outcoupled Light From Top or Transparent OLED 审中-公开
    低指数网格（LIG）增加顶部或透明OLED的外耦合光

    公开(公告)号：US20080265757A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-10-30

    申请号：US12059783

    申请日：2008-03-31

    Applicant: Stephen Forrest ,  Yiru Sun

    Inventor： Stephen Forrest ,  Yiru Sun

    IPC: H01L51/52 ,  H01J9/02

    CPC classification number: H01L51/5275

    Abstract: A transparent or top-emitting OLED may include regions of a material having a refractive index less than that of the organic region, allowing for emitted light in a waveguide mode to be extracted into air. These regions may be placed adjacent to the emissive regions of an OLED in a direction parallel to the electrodes. The substrate may also be given a nonstandard shape to further improve the conversion of waveguide mode and/or glass mode light to air mode. The outcoupling efficiency of such a device may be up to two to three times the efficiency of a standard OLED. A method for fabricating such a transparent or top-emitting OLED is also provided.

    Abstract translation: 透明或顶部发射的OLED可以包括具有小于有机区域的折射率的材料的区域，允许以波导模式的发射光被提取到空气中。 这些区域可以在与电极平行的方向上与OLED的发射区域相邻放置。 衬底也可以被赋予非标准形状，以进一步改善波导模式和/或玻璃模式光到空气模式的转换。 这种器件的输出耦合效率可高达标准OLED效率的两到三倍。 还提供了制造这种透明或顶部发光OLED的方法。

    Organic double-heterostructure photovoltaic cells having reciprocal-carrier exciton blocking layer
    17.
    发明申请
    Organic double-heterostructure photovoltaic cells having reciprocal-carrier exciton blocking layer 审中-公开
    有机双异质结构光伏电池具有倒置载流子激子阻挡层

    公开(公告)号：US20080001144A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-01-03

    申请号：US11810782

    申请日：2007-06-06

    Applicant: Barry Rand ,  Stephen Forrest ,  Mark Thompson

    Inventor： Barry Rand ,  Stephen Forrest ,  Mark Thompson

    IPC: H01L51/44

    CPC classification number: B82Y10/00 ,  H01L51/0046 ,  H01L51/0062 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/0086 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  Y02E10/549

    Abstract: A photosensitive cell includes an anode and a cathode; a donor-type organic material and an acceptor-type organic material forming a donor-acceptor junction connected between the anode and the cathode; and an exciton blocking layer connected between the acceptor-type organic material of the donor-acceptor junction and the cathode, the blocking layer consisting essentially of a material that has a hole mobility of at least 10−7 cm2/V-sec or higher, where a HOMO of the blocking layer is higher than or equal to a HOMO of the acceptor-type material.

    Abstract translation: 光敏电池包括阳极和阴极; 供体型有机材料和形成连接在阳极和阴极之间的供体 - 受体结的受主型有机材料; 以及连接在供体 - 受体结的受主型有机材料和阴极之间的激子阻挡层，该阻挡层基本上由具有至少10 -7 cm的空穴迁移率的材料组成 2秒/ V秒以上，其中阻挡层的HOMO高于或等于受主型材料的HOMO。

    Conductive-polymer electronic switch
    20.
    发明授权
    Conductive-polymer electronic switch 失效
    导电聚合物电子开关

    公开(公告)号：US07179534B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-02-20

    申请号：US10356394

    申请日：2003-01-31

    Applicant: Stephen Forrest ,  Sven Moeller

    Inventor： Stephen Forrest ,  Sven Moeller

    IPC: B32B27/00 ,  B32B27/16

    CPC classification number: G11C13/0014 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G11C13/0016 ,  H01L27/28 ,  H01L51/0037 ,  Y10T428/31504 ,  Y10T428/31678 ,  Y10T428/31855

    Abstract: A switch, used as an electronic-memory element, comprising a conductive organic polymer layer sandwiched between, and in contact with, two metallic conductive elements. In an initial post-fabrication state, the organic polymer layer is relatively highly conductive, the post-fabrication constituting a first stable state of the memory element that can serve to represent a binary bit “1 or 0,” depending which of two possible encoding conventions is employed. A relatively high voltage pulse can be passed between the two metal conductive elements, resulting in a market decrease in the current-carrying capacity of the organic polymer layer sandwiched between the two conductive elements. This change in conductivity of the organic polymer layer is generally irreversible, and constitutes a second stable state of the memory element that may be used to encode a binary bit “0” or “1,” again depending on which of two possible encoding conventions are employed. Organic-polymer-based memory elements, modified to include an additional diode-acting layer, may be fabricated in dense, two-dimensional arrays.

    Abstract translation: 用作电子存储元件的开关包括夹在两个金属导电元件之间并与之接触的导电有机聚合物层。 在初始后制造状态下，有机聚合物层相对高度导电，后制造构成存储元件的第一稳定状态，其可以用于表示二进制位“1或0”，取决于两种可能的编码 公约被雇用。 可以在两个金属导电元件之间通过相对高的电压脉冲，导致夹在两个导电元件之间的有机聚合物层的载流能力的市场下降。 有机聚合物层的电导率的这种变化通常是不可逆的，并且构成可以用于编码二进制位“0”或“1”的存储元件的第二稳定状态，这取决于两种可能的编码约定中的哪一种 雇用。 修改为包括另外的二极管作用层的基于有机聚合物的存储元件可以以致密的二维阵列制造。

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