摘要:
A regenerative braking control system consumes energy generated in a period corresponding to an angle .theta..sub.1 which starts in a half of a period of an AC voltage produced in a drive motor during the braking of the drive motor. The regenerative braking control system also consumes energy generated in a period corresponding to an angle .theta..sub.2 that ends at the end of a half of a period of the AC voltage. The regenerative rate of braking control system utilizes a current induced in the driving coils of the drive motor at the end of the period corresponding to the angle .theta..sub.1 to recharge a battery. By utilizing two periods to carry out the regenerative braking process, the recharging energy and the braking force can be controlled individually. Moreover, a controller monitors the electric control system to determine whether a malfunction is present. If a malfunction is detected, an electrical brake electrically brakes the drive motor. This electrical braking after the detection of a malfunction in the electrical system provides satisfactory controllability of the electric vehicle.
摘要:
In a waterproof slide fastener, fastener elements are formed using a synthetic resin which contains a silicone resin or a fluorine-based resin, and a water repellant agent is applied to waterproof tapes and the fastener elements and hence, the waterproof slide fastener can exhibit a water-repellent effect brought about by the waterproof tapes and a water-repellent effect brought about by the fastener elements. Accordingly, it is possible to properly prevent the intrusion of a liquid through a gap formed between the left and right fastener elements and a gap formed between the fastener element and the waterproof tape.
摘要:
An optical semiconductor device can have a first lead for an optical semiconductor chip to be mounted on and a second lead for joining to a wire extending from the optical semiconductor chip. The device can be configured to be capable of reducing the possibility of a break of the wire even under a thermal shock and the like. The optical semiconductor device can include a first lead for an optical semiconductor chip to be mounted on, a second lead for joining to a wire (for example, gold wire) extending from the optical semiconductor chip mounted on the first lead; a holder part for supporting the first lead and the second lead at two locations each; a lens part; and a light-transmitting sealing part. The second lead can be separated into two lead pieces with a predetermined gap (≠0) therebetween as seen in a plan view, or with certain bend configurations as shown in side views, within the inside space of the holder part by which the second lead is supported at two locations.
摘要:
An intake system for an internal combustion engine includes a variable length intake tract having a moveable intake pipe which selectively abuts a fixed intake pipe. During high speed operation, the moveable intake pipe is separated from the fixed intake pipe to provide a relatively short intake pipe length while in low speed operation, the moveable intake pipe abuts the fixed intake pipe so that a longer intake tract is formed. The influence of positive pressure waves on the air/fuel ratio during low speed operation is reduced by air flow resistance control means which increases the resistance of the intake system during low speed operation. This may be accomplished by use of an induction housing having a high speed chamber receiving the outlet of the fixed intake pipe and a low speed chamber receiving the outlet of the intake system when in the low speed intake mode, the low speed chamber having an intake opening having a higher air flow resistance than that of the opening of the high speed chamber. The intake system when used in a multi-cylinder engine may drive the moveable intake pipes of differing cylinders so that the transient shifting of the moveable intake pipe between the low speed mode and the high speed mode occurs at slightly different times for differing cylinders reducing the power droppage at any instant in time for the overall engine.
摘要:
A biosensor detects a target substance contained in a liquid sample and includes an insulating base plate having a recess formed in a portion that is thinner than the surrounding part, a working electrode and a counter electrode, at least one of which is disposed in the recess. A reaction reagent is disposed in the recess and reacts with a specific substance in the liquid sample.
摘要:
An optical semiconductor device can have a first lead for an optical semiconductor chip to be mounted on and a second lead for joining to a wire extending from the optical semiconductor chip. The device can be configured to be capable of reducing the possibility of a break of the wire even under a thermal shock and the like. The optical semiconductor device can include a first lead for an optical semiconductor chip to be mounted on, a second lead for joining to a wire (for example, gold wire) extending from the optical semiconductor chip mounted on the first lead; a holder part for supporting the first lead and the second lead at two locations each; a lens part; and a light-transmitting sealing part. The second lead can be separated into two lead pieces with a predetermined gap (≠0) therebetween as seen in a plan view, or with certain bend configurations as shown in side views, within the inside space of the holder part by which the second lead is supported at two locations.
摘要:
A separable bottom end stop in which a box pin has a box pin body, a first notch portion for receiving the head end of a locking pawl of a reverse-opening slider, and a protrusion piece projecting toward a separable pin in the direction of the tape width from a separable pin facing surface opposed to the separable pin. A side wall surface of the first notch portion and that sectional surface of the protrusion piece which is provided to the front end side of the box pin are formed in one plane to constitute a locking plane with which the front end of the locking pawl makes contact to lock the reverse-opening slider. The box pin body and the protrusion piece have a slant surface declined from the position of the locking plane toward an element row.