Abstract:
A stator winding system for a stator of an electric machine is provided. The stator has a number of windings to be positioned on stator teeth of the stator. At least two windings that follow one another in a current flow direction of an electric current and are thus arranged in series are formed from an electric conductor that is continuous in the current flow direction, forming a winding chain.
Abstract:
A method is provided for monitoring the light-off temperature of a diesel oxidation catalyst of a combustion engine. The method includes, but is not limited to measuring the temperature of the exhaust gas upstream and downstream of the diesel oxidation catalyst during a post injection phase or after injection phase of the combustion engine, determining whether a catalyst light-off occurred by using the temperature data of the exhaust gas, calculating the surface temperature of the diesel oxidation catalyst by using the measured temperature data of the exhaust gas, and defining the calculated temperature as light-off temperature of the diesel oxidation catalyst in the case that a catalyst light-off is determined. By means of the method, it is possible to determine the actual light-off temperature of the diesel oxidation catalyst for instance after each engine start by means of calculating the surface temperature of the diesel oxidation catalyst. Since the light-off temperature is not considered as a constant but as a changing variable, the aging of the diesel oxidation catalyst is sufficiently considered. Thus, it is provided a means for monitoring the light-off temperature of a diesel oxidation catalyst considering an aging of the diesel oxidation catalyst.
Abstract:
A method of reconfiguring a data unit communication network that comprises bridge nodes is described. Each bridge node comprises two or more ports for receiving and sending data units, a controller for controlling said bridge node and for handling received data units, and a record for associating data unit address information with port identification information. The controller is capable of querying said record for determining which one or more ports to forward a received data unit to. The method comprises performing a topology reconfiguration procedure for said data unit communication network when detecting an occurrence of any one of one or more topology reconfiguration conditions, and performing a purge procedure of the records of the bridge nodes when detecting an occurrence of an indication of an upcoming topology reconfiguration of the data unit communication network, the indication being different from any of said topology reconfiguration conditions, and continuing to handle data units in the bridge nodes during the purge procedure.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for automatic measurement and for teaching-in of location positions of objects (11) within a substrate processing system (20, 26) in which a sensor carrier (1) is moved by means of a robot end effector (24). Sensor units (2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b) of the sensor carrier (1) are moved along straight movement lines (B1, B2, B3) across the edges (10a, 10b) of the object (11), wherein each of the sensor units (2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b) output at least one sensor signal which changes its value upon detection of an edge (10a, 10b). From the positions of the signal changes along the respective straight movement lines (B1, B2, B3), the location position of the object (11) is determined. Furthermore, the invention relates to a substrate like movable, wireless sensor carrier for carrying out the method according to the invention, with a carrier plate (1a), at least one first sensor unit (4, 5a, 5b) which is mounted on the carrier plate (1a) and which is arranged to detect a first object edge (10a) and a second object edge (10b) of the object (11) during a movement of the sensor carrier (1) on a straight movement line (B1) perpendicular to an object surface (13), and at least one second sensor unit (2, 3) which is mounted on the carrier plate (Ia) and which is arranged to detect at least a first object edge (10b) of the object (11) during a movement of the sensor carrier (1) on a straight movement line (B2) parallel to the object surface (13).
Abstract:
The bit lines are produced by an implantation of a dopant by means of a sacrificial hard mask layer, which is later replaced with the gate electrodes formed of polysilicon in the memory cell array. Striplike areas of the memory cell array, which run transversely to the bit lines, are reserved by a blocking layer to be occupied by the bit line contacts. In these areas, the hard mask is used to form contact holes, which are self-aligned with the implanted buried bit lines. Between the blocked areas, the word lines are arranged normally to the bit lines.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a module for a measuring device and to a measuring device. The inventive module for a measuring device is provided with a plug-in contact element for the electrical contact of the plug-and-socket plate of the measuring device which is used for data transfer. Said module for the measuring device comprises a main circuit card arranged in the first circuit card space. Said first circuit card space is formed by at least one first element of the body which encompasses the circuit card in a closed manner on the level of the external periphery thereof.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a module for a measuring device and to a measuring device. The inventive module for a measuring device is provided with a plug-in contact element for the electrical contact of the plug-and-socket plate of the measuring device which is used for data transfer. Said module for the measuring device comprises a main circuit card arranged in the first circuit card space. Said first circuit card space is formed by at least one first element of the body which encompasses the circuit card in a closed manner on the level of the external periphery thereof.
Abstract:
A plurality of planar electrodes (5) in a microchannel (4) is used for separation, lysis and PCR in a chip (10). Cells from a sample are brought to the electrodes (5). Depending on sample properties, phase pattern, frequency and voltage of the electrodes and flow velocity are chosen to trap target cells (16) using DEP, whereas the majority of unwanted cells (17) flushes through. After separation the target cell (16) are lysed while still trapped. Lysis is carried out by applying RF pulses and/or thermally so as to change the dielectric properties of the trapped cells. After lysis, the target cells (16) are amplified within the microchannel (4), so as to obtain separation, lysis and PCR on same chip (1).
Abstract:
Dielectric gratings are formed between the word line stacks. Spacers are applied to the sidewalls of the word line stacks and the dielectric gratings. In the openings between the spacers, silicon is epitaxially grown on the upper surfaces of source/drain regions, which are implanted self-aligned to the word line stacks. A silicide is formed on the grown silicon, and a metal layer is applied and structured to form local interconnects, which connect the source/drain regions to upper bit lines.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for automatic measurement and for teaching-in of location positions of objects (11) within a substrate processing system (20, 26) in which a sensor carrier (1) is moved by means of a robot end effector (24). Sensor units (2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b) of the sensor carrier (1) are moved along straight movement lines (B1, B2, B3) across the edges (10a, 10b) of the object (11), wherein each of the sensor units (2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b) output at least one sensor signal which changes its value upon detection of an edge (10a, 10b). From the positions of the signal changes along the respective straight movement lines (B1, B2, B3), the location position of the object (11) is determined. Furthermore, the invention relates to a substrate like movable, wireless sensor carrier for carrying out the method according to the invention, with a carrier plate (1a), at least one first sensor unit (4, 5a, 5b) which is mounted on the carrier plate (1a) and which is arranged to detect a first object edge (10a) and a second object edge (10b) of the object (11) during a movement of the sensor carrier (1) on a straight movement line (B1) perpendicular to an object surface (13), and at least one second sensor unit (2, 3) which is mounted on the carrier plate (Ia) and which is arranged to detect at least a first object edge (10b) of the object (11) during a movement of the sensor carrier (1) on a straight movement line (B2) parallel to the object surface (13).