摘要:
A method for measuring internal defects of a specimen, comprising the steps of allowing a finely focused laser beam to be incident into a specimen from its surface and observing the scattered light of the said laser beam from inside the said specimen from the surface of the specimen and in a different direction to the optical axis of incidence of the laser beam.
摘要:
A Zeeman atomic spectrophotometer comprising a sample heating means for atomizing a sample, a means for applying a magnetic flux to the atomized sample and a ceramic film coated on at least tips of pole pieces which are disposed facing the heated sample. As the tips of the pole pieces are coated with a ceramic film, the measuring accuracy of the Zeeman atomic absorption spectrophotometer becomes high and stable over a very long term.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a pneumatic molten metal sampler for pneumatically obtaining a sample of metal which includes an elongated fill tube which is secured to the side of a paperboard sleeve by refractory cement and projects beyond the end of the paperboard sleeve for immersion in a molten melt. A bend on the fill tube discharges into the sample cavity intermediate the ends of the cavity. A vent construction at the end of the cartridge affords communication with a vacuum pump but prevents loss of metal from the sample cavity.
摘要:
A defective particle measuring apparatus that irradiates focused laser light on a sample, images scattered light from the sample, and measures defective particles in the sample based on the image result, includes a position deviation computing portion which, based on an in-plane intensity distribution of scattered light of each defective particle that is imaged, obtains a deviation from a focal point position on an image point side of the scattered light of each defective particle and calculates a position deviation amount in a depth direction of the defective particle corresponding to the deviation from the focal point position, a light intensity correcting portion for correcting the light intensity of the scattered light of the defective particle corresponding to the position deviation amount in the depth direction, and a size determining portion for determining the defective particle size based on the light intensity corrected by the light intensity correcting portion. Thus, the size of the defective particles can be determined at a high precision by a simple constitution in a short time, and density distribution of the defective particles can be obtained.
摘要:
A pattern inspection apparatus for inspecting an abnormality in a pattern of a plurality of straight lines which are arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction includes a data acquisition means for acquiring, by photoelectric conversion, first and second image data of the straight lines on first and second lines which pass first and second points at different positions along the straight lines, respectively, and are perpendicular to the straight lines, and a data processing means for detecting the abnormality in the straight lines on the basis of a difference between the first and second image data. The pattern is a pattern of, e.g., inner leads of a TAB tape. When density changes of the first and second image data at a position x along the first and second lines can be approximated by sin.sup.2 x, the data processing means can detect the abnormality by using a relationship established between a phase difference and a density difference between the two changes.
摘要:
An apparatus for inspecting the surface of a sheet-like object has a movable stage with an object mounted thereon; a source for lighting the object on the stage, particularly by making a plurality of illumination lights respectively having different wavelengths incident on the surface of the object from respective predetermined directions; image pickup device for fetching the image of the object under illumination of the light as image data or the images of parts of the object as image data obtained on the respective different wavelengths; image data processing device for inspecting the image data for defects; and a device for synchronizing control either for flashing the light at a predetermined time interval just after the stage commences its movement, synchronously with fetching the image data or for flashing the light and simultaneously fetching the image data obtained on the respective different wavelengths, synchronously with the object on the stage reaching respective predetermined positions while moving the stage.
摘要:
An apparatus for atomizing a sample comprises a cuvette of heating material into which a sample is introduced, a pair of electrodes of supplying an electric current to the cuvette, thereby heating and atomizing the sample, supports of supporting the pair of the electrodes, a means for supplying light to the atomized sample and a means of slidably maintaining at least one of the pair of the electrodes against the cuvette in a predetermined range of contact pressures, where the heating temperature of the cuvette can be maintained constant with improved reproducibility of analytical values.
摘要:
A cuvette used in a flameless atomizer is hollow and includes an opening at both ends and a hole in a radial direction substantially at its central portion. The cuvette is made of a conductive material and Joule-heated by currents flowing therethrough. The interior of the cuvette is divided substantially into three sections: a sample mount section at which a sample introduced through the hole of the cuvette is disposed; a light beam path section through which light incident from the opening at one end of the cuvette passes and goes out of the opening at the other end; and an absorption cell section at which the light beam path section intersects with atomic vapors generated from the sample disposed at the sample mount section. The electric resistance of the cuvette is made smaller at the sample mount section than at a portion near the absorption cell section. This allows the higher temperature of the portions near the absorption cell section than that of the sample mount section. Therefore, almost all of the atomic vapors in the cuvette exist at the absorption cell portion, and the application of a magnetic field to the absorption cell section allows a great improvement in analysis precision and sensitivity of the flameless atomizer for atomic absorption analysis using a Zeeman effect.
摘要:
A pattern inspection apparatus includes a device for acquiring image data of a target inspection pattern, and an image processing unit for extracting a defect in the target inspection pattern on the basis of the image data and image data of a reference pattern. The image processing means performs image processing such that image data is prepared by reducing or increasing the pattern width of at least one of the pattern of a target inspection image represented by the image data of the target inspection pattern and the pattern of a reference image represented by the image data of the reference pattern to make the pattern width of the reference image smaller than that of the target inspection image, in this condition the target inspection image and the reference image are superposed and a portion where only the pattern of the reference image is present is extracted as a defect, image data is prepared by reducing or increasing the pattern width of at least one of the pattern of the target inspection image and the pattern of the reference image to make the pattern width of the reference image larger than that of the target inspection image, in this condition the target inspection image and the reference image are superposed and a portion where only the pattern of the target inspection image is present is extracted as a defect.
摘要:
A resist scattered on and attached to unwanted portions is stably detected. A target inspection region including the unwanted portions to which the scattered resist should not be attached is illuminated with white light to obtain a color image, and a region having the same hue and chroma as a resist is detected. The target inspection region may be illuminated with light containing a first wavelength light exhibiting high reflectance for the unwanted portions and high absorbance for the resist and a second wavelength light exhibiting high reflectance for the unwanted portions and high transmittance for the resist to detect a color image obtained with the second wavelength light from the images of the target inspection region which are obtained by illumination with the illumination light. The resist attached to the unwanted portions may be detected on the basis of the contrast of the image obtained upon illumination with only the first wavelength light. The image of a resist-attached portion is extracted as a portion having lightness not more than a predetermined value from the images of the target inspection region which are obtained by illumination with the first wavelength light, and there is extracted the image of the scattered resist attached to the unwanted portions which are common to both the image of the unwanted portions having no scattered resist thereon, said image being obtained upon illumination of the target inspection region with the second wavelength light, and the image of the resist-attached portions.