公开(公告)号：US4079340A

公开(公告)日：1978-03-14

申请号：US698182

申请日：1976-06-21

Applicant: Melvin M. Weiner ,  George W. Sutton

Inventor： Melvin M. Weiner ,  George W. Sutton

IPC: H01S3/08

CPC classification number: H01S3/08081

Abstract: Herein described is an unstable resonator optical cavity for lasers which may have a square, rectangular or the like spherical concave primary reflection surface at one end of the cavity that intercepts the optical axis of the cavity at or adjacent to one of its corners and a more or less similar square, rectangular or the like spherical convex feedback reflection surface at the opposite end of the optical cavity that intercepts the optical axis at or adjacent to one of its corners arranged and adapted to define an unstable resonator cavity.

Abstract translation: 这里描述的是用于激光器的不稳定谐振腔光腔，其可以在空腔的一端处具有正方形，矩形或类似的球形凹入的初级反射表面，该表面在其角部之一处或与其相邻的一个拐角处拦截空腔的光轴， 或更小的相似的方形，矩形或类似的球形凸反馈反射表面，其在光学腔的相对端处拦截在其一个角上或附近的光轴，并且适于限定不稳定的谐振腔。

公开(公告)号：US4633103A

公开(公告)日：1986-12-30

申请号：US491341

申请日：1983-05-04

Applicant: Howard A. Hyman ,  Daniel W. Trainor

Inventor： Howard A. Hyman ,  Daniel W. Trainor

IPC: H01S3/30 ,  H03F7/00

CPC classification number: H01S3/30

Abstract: A laser method of and apparatus for providing a wide variety of laser wavelenghts wherein a pump source of laser radiation is sequentially Strokes-shifted in two separate cells each containing a different molecular or atomic Raman active gas, wherein each cell is optimized to produce primarily first-Stokes radiation as by variation of focal length parameters and/or gas pressure, filter means are provided at the output of the first cell to reject the pump laser radiation and to pass the first-Strokes radiation of the first cell and further filter means are provided at the output of the second cell to reject the first-Stokes radiation of the first cell and pass the first-Stokes radiation of the second cell to provide a desired output laser radiation.

Abstract translation: 一种用于提供各种激光波长的激光方法和装置，其中激光辐射的泵浦源在两个独立的单元中顺序地移动，每个单元包含不同的分子或原子拉曼活性气体，其中每个单元被优化以主要产生第一 通过焦距参数和/或气体压力的变化而产生的to射辐射，滤波器装置设置在第一单元的输出处，以排除泵浦激光辐射并使第一单元的第一冲程辐射通过，并且另外的滤波器装置 设置在第二单元的输出处以拒绝第一单元的第一斯托克斯辐射并且通过第二单元的第一斯托克斯辐射以提供期望的输出激光辐射。

公开(公告)号：US4620305A

公开(公告)日：1986-10-28

申请号：US651108

申请日：1984-09-17

Applicant: Allen M. Flusberg

Inventor： Allen M. Flusberg

IPC: H01S3/097 ,  H01S3/102 ,  H01S3/134 ,  H01S3/00

CPC classification number: H01S3/102 ,  H01S3/09707 ,  H01S3/134

Abstract: Gaseous lasers and their operation wherein during operation in the saturated regime Zeeman reorientation collisions do not occur rapidly compared to the rate at which population is transferred out of their upper lasing level and there exists a static magnetic field of predetermined minimum strength inside the lasing region that is preferably at, or substantially at, the magic angle (approximately 54.70) with respect to the predominate polarization of the laser light in the lasing cavity.

Abstract translation: 气体激光器及其操作，其中在饱和状态下的操作期间，与群体从其上部激光级别转移的速率相比，塞曼重新定向碰撞不会快速发生，并且在激光区域内存在预定的最小强度的静态磁场， 相对于激光腔中的激光的主要偏振优选处于或基本上处于魔角（约54.70）处。

公开(公告)号：US4456811A

公开(公告)日：1984-06-26

申请号：US390176

申请日：1982-06-21

Applicant: Richard A. Hella ,  John V. Staal

Inventor： Richard A. Hella ,  John V. Staal

IPC: B23K26/073 ,  B23K27/00

CPC classification number: B23K26/0738 ,  B23K26/0643 ,  B23K26/0734 ,  B23K26/0823 ,  Y10S148/903

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method of and apparatus for heat treating axisymmetric surfaces such as inner and outer surfaces on pipes, shafts, gears, valve seats and the like with a laser beam. An annular laser beam is provided and caused to impinge on a segmented generally conical mirror which focuses and/or directs the laser beam onto the desired surface of a work piece as an annular or ring-shaped beam with a predetermined width and energy profile. Relative movement about the axis of the laser beam may be provided between the work piece and the laser beam to average any intensity distributions around the laser beam. Additionally, relative movement along the axis of the laser beam may also be provided between the work piece and the laser beam in the case of shafts, pipes and the like to provide uniform and non-overlapping coverage of the surface to be treated.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种利用激光束对诸如管，轴，齿轮，阀座等的轴对称表面进行热处理的方法和装置。 提供环形激光束并使其撞击在分段的大致圆锥形的镜上，其将激光束聚焦和/或将激光束引导到作为具有预定宽度和能量分布的环形或环形光束的工件的期望表面上。 可以在工件和激光束之间提供围绕激光束的轴的相对运动，以平均激光束周围的任何强度分布。 另外，在轴，管等的情况下，沿着激光束的轴线的相对运动也可以设置在工件和激光束之间，以提供待处理表面的均匀且不重叠的覆盖。

公开(公告)号：US4328443A

公开(公告)日：1982-05-04

申请号：US129469

申请日：1980-03-11

Applicant: Oswald L. Zappa

Inventor： Oswald L. Zappa

IPC: H01J27/00 ,  H01J33/04 ,  H01S3/03 ,  H01S3/09 ,  H01J33/02

CPC classification number: H01J33/04

Abstract: An electron beam device having a vacuum chamber in which an electron beam generator generates a directed stream of electrons. An electron beam window comprising a foil which seals the vacuum chamber is in the path of the stream of electrons and permits passage of the stream of electrons into a working region exterior of the chamber and adjacent the electron beam window. An electrode is positioned closely adjacent the foil and a second electrode is spaced from the foil to form an elongated working or, in the case of a laser, a lasing region between them. The electrodes are maintained at a high electrical potential which, along with the electron beam, molecularly excites a gaseous working medium between the electrodes. The included angle of electrons passing through and scattered by the foil is limited and the electron beam confined to a desired region by an external shield or bezel overlying the foil. The bezel is provided with a series of openings which may be in the form of holes or slots of predetermined depth, size and spacing one from another to provide the electrons emerging from the foil with a desired included angle of emergence while maintaining losses at a minimum.

Abstract translation: 一种具有真空室的电子束装置，其中电子束产生器产生指向的电子流。 包括密封真空室的箔的电子束窗处于电子流的路径中，并且允许电子流通过室的外部和电子束窗附近的工作区域。 电极被定位成紧邻箔片，并且第二电极与箔间隔开以形成细长的工作，或者在激光的情况下，它们之间的激光区域。 电极被保持在高电位，其与电子束一起在电极之间分子上激发气态工作介质。 通过箔散射的电子的夹角受到限制，电子束通过覆盖箔的外部屏蔽或边框限制在所需区域。 边框设置有一系列开口，其可以是预定深度，尺寸和间隔的孔或狭槽的形式，以便以期望的包围角度出现，从而提供从箔出现的电子，同时将损失保持在最小 。

公开(公告)号：US4264146A

公开(公告)日：1981-04-28

申请号：US111548

申请日：1980-01-14

Applicant: George W. Sutton

Inventor： George W. Sutton

IPC: G02B5/08 ,  G02B7/18 ,  H01S3/04

CPC classification number: G02B5/08 ,  G02B7/1815 ,  H01S3/0401

Abstract: A laser mirror adapted to prevent astigmatism of reflected laser beams where the mirror is used for "folding" the laser beam such that the incident laser beam direction is not normal to the reflective surface of the mirror. This is accomplished by the provision of slots of specified dimensions in the rear surface of the mirror that in use are disposed parallel to the major axis of the laser beam's image on the mirror. In this manner, the mirror is provided with two bending stiffnesses, one in the direction of the major axis that is greater than that in the direction of the minor axis such that the bending due to heating of the mirror in the direction of both axes is made at least substantially equal.

Abstract translation: 一种适于防止反射激光束的散光的激光镜，其中镜用于“折叠”激光束，使得入射激光束方向不垂直于反射镜的反射表面。 这是通过在反射镜的后表面中提供具有规定尺寸的狭槽来实现的，其在使用中平行于反射镜上的激光束的图像的长轴设置。 以这种方式，反射镜具有两个弯曲刚度，一个在长轴方向上大于在短轴方向上的弯曲刚度，使得由于反射镜沿两个轴方向的加热而产生的弯曲是 至少基本相等。

公开(公告)号：US3940639A

公开(公告)日：1976-02-24

申请号：US442800

申请日：1974-02-15

Applicant: George R. Enos ,  Richard J. Rosa ,  Stanley W. Petty

Inventor： George R. Enos ,  Richard J. Rosa ,  Stanley W. Petty

IPC: H02K44/08 ,  H02N4/02

CPC classification number: H02K44/08

Abstract: An MHD generator includes external electrical connectors between adjacent discrete electrodes in one wall of the generator duct, which has opposed electrodes which may lie in a plane at an angle to the direction of gas flow. The electrical connection includes a circuit which adjusts the voltage between the connected adjacent electrodes to insure that the Hall voltage differential between the discrete electrodes which are adjacent to each other in the same wall of the duct does not exceed the damaging breakdown voltage. Indicator means when coupled to the circuits in accordance with the invention comprise diagnostic means which provide a graphic representation of voltage distribution along the length of the generator duct.

Abstract translation: MHD发生器包括在发生器管道的一个壁中的相邻离散电极之间的外部电连接器，其具有相对电极，该电极可位于与气体流动方向成一定角度的平面中。 电连接包括调整连接的相邻电极之间的电压的电路，以确保在管道的同一壁中彼此相邻的分立电极之间的霍尔电压差不超过损坏的击穿电压。 根据本发明的连接到电路的指示装置包括诊断装置，其提供沿发电机管道长度的电压分布的图形表示。

公开(公告)号：US4259988A

公开(公告)日：1981-04-07

申请号：US76385

申请日：1979-09-17

Applicant: Param I. Singh

Inventor： Param I. Singh

IPC: F15C3/04 ,  F15C7/00 ,  F15C1/16

CPC classification number: F15C3/04 ,  F15C7/00 ,  Y10T137/2109 ,  Y10T137/2115

Abstract: A vortex-diode check valve comprises a short cylindrical working chamber with an axial inlet port entering axially through a first end wall at a short distance from the central portion of a second end wall and a tangential outlet port exiting tangentially through a circular side wall. The ratio of fluid flow resistances, between flows in the reverse and forward directions, is markedly increased by configuring at least one end wall as a flexible resilient diaphragm, permitting relative motion between the second end wall and the axial inlet port.

Abstract translation: 涡流二极管止回阀包括短的圆柱形工作室，其轴向入口端口通过第一端壁在距离第二端壁的中心部分短的距离处和通过圆形侧壁切向出口的切向出口端口进入。 通过将至少一个端壁构造为柔性弹性隔膜，允许在第二端壁和轴向入口之间的相对运动，在反向和向前方向上的流之间的流体流动阻力的比率显着增加。

公开(公告)号：US4258753A

公开(公告)日：1981-03-31

申请号：US40195

申请日：1979-05-18

Applicant: Rudolf Limpaecher

Inventor： Rudolf Limpaecher

IPC: F15C1/10 ,  F15C1/12

CPC classification number: F15C1/10 ,  Y10T137/2076 ,  Y10T137/2125 ,  Y10T137/2142 ,  Y10T137/2164 ,  Y10T137/2229

Abstract: A fluidic amplifier or switch for supplying pulses of a power gas to be controlled which is insensitive to load impedance or back pressure. One arm of the fluidic switch comprising part of the gas injection path is coupled to a working outlet and the other arm is coupled through a sonic orifice to a vent outlet. An orifice is provided in the downstream end of the power gas injection path, the injection pressure is maintained at preferably at least about twice the maximum back pressure and a substitute gas is injected into the arm of the fluidic switch not carrying the power gas to be controlled. The two gases are each alternately supplied to the working outlet and the vent outlet. When the power gas to be controlled is supplied to the working outlet, the substitute gas is supplied to the vent outlet and when the substitute gas is supplied to the working outlet, the power gas to be controlled is supplied to the vent outlet to maintain the pressure constant across the working outlet orifice.

Abstract translation: 用于提供对负载阻抗或背压不敏感的待控制的动力气体的脉冲的流体放大器或开关。 包括气体注入路径的一部分的流体开关的一个臂联接到工作出口，另一个臂通过声孔连接到排气口。 在动力气体注入路径的下游端设有孔口，注射压力优选保持在最大背压的至少约两倍，并且将替代气体注入不携带动力气体的流体开关的臂中 受控。 这两种气体各自交替地供应到工作出口和通风口。 当要控制的动力气体被供给到工作出口时，替代气体被供应到通风口，当将替代气体供应到工作出口时，被控制的动力气体被供给到通风口，以保持 工作出口孔的压力恒定。

公开(公告)号：US4229708A

公开(公告)日：1980-10-21

申请号：US785902

申请日：1977-04-08

Applicant: Siva A. Mani ,  Howard A. Hyman ,  Jack D. Daugherty

Inventor： Siva A. Mani ,  Howard A. Hyman ,  Jack D. Daugherty

IPC: H01S4/00 ,  H01S3/22

CPC classification number: H01S4/00

Abstract: This invention is directed towards a scalable X-ray laser comprising means for providing an active medium of lithium-like atoms or ions, means for producing in the active medium a population of low density ions in an excited intermediate metastable state and a visible or near infrared laser to stimulate X-ray lasing by resonant or non-resonant antistokes Raman process to the ground state of the ions. The irradiation of the ions by the laser provides phased or traveling wave excitation which produces the desired directivity. Production of the metastable state is provided by directing energy from a suitable source, such as a high power short pulse laser beam, onto a target material and causing it to radiate as a black body, filtering this radiation to derive radiation in the soft X-ray region, and directing this filtered radiation into the lithium-like vapor.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及可扩展的X射线激光器，其包括用于提供类锂原子或离子的活性介质的装置，用于在活性介质中产生处于激发的中间亚稳态的低密度离子群和可见或近似的 红外激光器通过谐振或非共振反射拉曼光谱来激发X射线激光到离子的基态。 通过激光照射离子提供了产生所需方向性的相位或行波激励。 通过将能量从诸如高功率短脉冲激光束的合适的源引导到目标材料上并使其作为黑色体辐射而提供亚稳态的产生，对该辐射进行滤波以得到软X射线中的辐射， 并将该过滤的辐射引导到锂类蒸气中。