公开(公告)号：US4886528A

公开(公告)日：1989-12-12

申请号：US193335

申请日：1988-05-12

Applicant: Olli Aaltonen ,  Antti Martikainen ,  Borje Rantala ,  Jan Ekstrom ,  Osmo Toikka

Inventor： Olli Aaltonen ,  Antti Martikainen ,  Borje Rantala ,  Jan Ekstrom ,  Osmo Toikka

IPC: G01N1/22 ,  G01N1/40 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N33/497

CPC classification number: G01N1/2247 ,  G01N33/0014 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N2001/2267 ,  G01N2001/4016

Abstract: The invention relates to a water separator for a gas analyzer, comprising a tube (12) for passing a gas sample into the water separator, wherein water separation is effected in a tubular passage by dividing the flow into two partial flows. The wall or walls (3) of a first tubular passage (17) are made of a porous material, readily permeable to gas, and this main flow, which has penetrated the wall, is passed into a second tubular passage (4) and via a tube (10) on to measuring sensors (5 and 6) but the water, which is not able to penetrate the porous wall of first passage (17), is passed along with a minor amount of gas down a passage (17, 13) into a water receiver (15) and this many times lesser side flow further via a tube (14) into a third tubular passage (16), through its porous wall (3) into a fourth tubular passage (18) and via a tube (11) through a flow throttle (7) on to a pump (8).

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于气体分析仪的水分离器，其包括用于使气体样品通过水分离器的管（12），其中通过将流分成两部分流而在管状通道中进行水分离。 第一管状通道（17）的壁或壁（3）由易渗透气体的多孔材料制成，并且已渗入壁的主流通入第二管状通道（4）和通孔 在测量传感器（5和6）上的管（10），但是不能穿过第一通道（17）的多孔壁的水与少量的气体一起沿着通道（17,13） ）进入吸水器（15），并且这种多次较小的侧流通过管（14）进一步流入第三管状通道（16），通过其多孔壁（3）进入第四管状通道（18）并经由管 （11）通过流量节流阀（7）连接到泵（8）上。

公开(公告)号：US4768518A

公开(公告)日：1988-09-06

申请号：US910631

申请日：1986-09-23

Applicant: Pentti Peltonen

Inventor： Pentti Peltonen

IPC: A61B5/022 ,  A61B5/0235 ,  G05D16/20 ,  A61B5/02

CPC classification number: G05D16/204 ,  A61B5/02141 ,  A61B5/02233 ,  A61B5/0235 ,  Y10T137/7847

Abstract: The invention relates to a pressure control system and apparatus for the cuff of an automatic blood pressure meter. Pressure reduction is adapted to be effected by using at least two constrictions (3) having a constant constriction, the selection and combination of such constrictions being performed by digitally controlled magnetic valves (4). Such magnetic valves are controlled by a microprocessor (6) depending on a measuring value provided by a sensor (7) for measuring the cuff pressure transition rate so as to obtain a desired, approximately linear rate of pressure reduction. The constrictors (3) comprise thin flexible tubes. The system is capable of compensating automatically for the changes caused in the desired volume air flow by the cuff size and tightness, variations in the circumference of a person's arm, the heartbeat density and pressure range.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于自动血压计的袖带的压力控制系统和装置。 通过使用具有恒定收缩的至少两个收缩部（3）来适应减压，由数字控制的电磁阀（4）进行这种收缩的选择和组合。 根据由传感器（7）提供的用于测量袖带压力转变速率的测量值，由微处理器（6）控制这种电磁阀，以获得期望的大致线性的减压速率。 狭缝（3）包括薄的柔性管。 该系统能够通过袖口尺寸和紧度，人的手臂周长的变化，心跳密度和压力范围自动补偿在所需体积空气流中引起的变化。

公开(公告)号：US4654594A

公开(公告)日：1987-03-31

申请号：US561339

申请日：1983-12-14

Applicant: Raimo Sepponen

Inventor： Raimo Sepponen

IPC: G01R33/54 ,  G01R33/20

CPC classification number: G01R33/4835

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of recovering nuclear spin or NMR information about a target, such as a human body placed in at least substantially homogenous magnetic field, a desired part of the target being excited by means of a radiofrequency magnetic field which preferably deviates nuclear magnetization through 90.degree., a so-called spin echo is generated by utilizing a second excitation of the target volume which preferably deviates nuclear magnetization through 180.degree., said spin echo is recorded and said excitation sequence is repeated. At least one magnetic field is applied to the target in a manner that the duration and/or amplitude of said magnetic field gradient are varied between various repetitions, so that the difference between the absolute values of time integral of a value following said 180.degree. pulse and a value preceding said 180.degree. pulse of said magnetic field gradient obtains a different value. This way, the use of bipolar current sources is avoided. The invention is well adaptable to recovering information quickly especially about a plurality of image planes from a three-dimensional target.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种恢复关于靶的物质的核自旋或NMR信息的方法，例如放置在至少基本均匀的磁场中的人体，通过优选偏离核的射频磁场激发目标的所需部分 通过90°的磁化，通过利用目标体积的第二次激发产生所谓的自旋回波，其优选地将核磁化强度偏移180°，记录所述自旋回波并重复所述激发序列。 至少一个磁场以使得所述磁场梯度的持续时间和/或振幅在各种重复之间变化的方式施加到目标，使得在所述180°脉冲之后的值的时间积分的绝对值之间的差 并且所述磁场梯度的所述180°脉冲之前的值获得不同的值。 这样，避免使用双极电流源。 本发明适用于快速恢复信息，特别是关于来自三维目标的多个图像平面。

公开(公告)号：US2880078A

公开(公告)日：1959-03-31

申请号：US40046153

申请日：1953-12-28

Applicant: PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO

Inventor： HALL DICK S ,  DEAN LLOYD E ,  SEYER CHESTER L ,  FORKEL CURT E

IPC: F28C3/14

CPC classification number: F28C3/14 ,  C10G9/00

公开(公告)号：US20080167540A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-10

申请号：US12052542

申请日：2008-03-20

Applicant: Ilkka Korhonen ,  Marcus Johannis Van Gils ,  Markku Paloheimo ,  Arvi Yli-Hankala ,  Matti Veli Tapani Huiku

Inventor： Ilkka Korhonen ,  Marcus Johannis Van Gils ,  Markku Paloheimo ,  Arvi Yli-Hankala ,  Matti Veli Tapani Huiku

IPC: A61B5/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/4035 ,  A61B5/1106 ,  A61B5/412 ,  A61B5/4821 ,  A61B2505/05

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for monitoring a condition of a patient under anesthesia or sedation, whereupon one, two, three or more signals are acquired, and the signal(s) represent(s) cardiovascular and/or combined electrical biopotential on skull activity of the patient. From said signal or signals are derived or calculated at least two parameter values related to a quantity like waveform amplitude, waveform periodicity, waveform morphology, waveform variability, energy, power, signal complexity and frequency content. A predetermined mathematical index for probability of patient comfort is used, in which function said parameters are variables, and successively changing probability index values of said mathematical index is calculated.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于监测麻醉或镇静患者状况的方法，因此获得一个，两个，三个或更多个信号，并且该信号代表颅骨活动的心血管和/或组合电生物电位 的病人。 从所述信号或信号中导出或计算出与诸如波形幅度，波形周期性，波形形态，波形变化性，能量，功率，信号复杂度和频率内容之类的量相关的至少两个参数值。 使用患者舒适概率的预定数学指标，其中所述参数是变量，并且计算所述数学指标的连续变化的概率指标值。

公开(公告)号：US07330750B2

公开(公告)日：2008-02-12

申请号：US10423474

申请日：2003-04-25

Applicant: Jouni Erkkilä ,  Mikko Kaski ,  Panu Takala

Inventor： Jouni Erkkilä ,  Mikko Kaski ,  Panu Takala

IPC: A61B5/0402

CPC classification number: A61B5/0452 ,  A61B5/02405 ,  A61B5/7275 ,  G06F19/00

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for predicting a sudden heart abnormality for an individual patient. In order to provide a prediction mechanism that is suitable for acute care, three sub-indices are determined based on medical data obtained from the patient. The first sub-index indicates the level of deterministic chaos in the heart rate variability of the patient, the second sub-index indicates the energy level in the myocardium of the patient, and the third sub-index indicates the degree of ventricular arrhythmia of the patient. Based on the first, second, and third sub-indices, at least one overall risk index is then determined, the overall risk index indicating the risk level of a sudden heart abnormality for the patient.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于预测个体患者的突发性心脏异常的方法和装置。 为了提供适用于急性护理的预测机制，基于从患者获得的医学数据确定三个子指标。 第一子指标表示患者心率变异性的确定性混沌水平，第二子指标表示患者心肌的能量水平，第三子指标表示患者的心律失常程度 患者。 根据第一，第二和第三子指数，确定至少一个总体风险指数，总体风险指数表示患者突然心脏异常的风险水平。

公开(公告)号：US07070569B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-04

申请号：US10091169

申请日：2002-03-04

Applicant: Erkki Heinonen ,  Jan Ekstrom

Inventor： Erkki Heinonen ,  Jan Ekstrom

IPC: A61B5/08 ,  A61B5/02

CPC classification number: A61B5/029 ,  A61B5/0836

Abstract: A method for non-invasively determining functional cardiac output (FCO) and/or venous blood CO2 partial pressure (PvCO2). The amount of CO2 (VCO2N) released from the blood and end capillary blood CO2 content (CcCO2N) are determined from measurements from exhaled breathing gases. The CO2 content of the breathing gases inhaled by the subject is increased and values for VCO2R and CcCO2R are obtained. A regression analysis is performed using the obtained VCO2N, VO2R, CcCO2N, and CcCO2R values. The regression line is extrapolated to obtain a value for CcCO2 when (VCO2) is zero so that CvCO2 becomes known. The CvCO2 thus determined can be inserted in a non-differential form in the Fick equation, along with VCO2 and CcCO2 values from normal breathing, to determine FCO. To determine PvCO2, CvCO2 is altered in accordance with the amount of oxygen in the venous blood, to correctly indicate PvCO2. The continuing validity of the FCO measurement can be examined on a breath-by-breath basis by noting changes in an indicator variable, such as VCO2 or end tidal CO2 amounts.

Abstract translation: 用于非侵入性确定功能性心输出量（FCO）和/或静脉血CO 2分压（PvCO 2 2）的方法。 从血液和末端毛细血管血液CO 2 2含量（CO 2）释放的CO 2的量（VCO 2 N SUP）N < 来自呼出呼吸气体的测量确定CcCO 2 N SUP。 由受试者吸入的呼吸气体的CO 2 2含量增加，并且对于VCO 2和/或CLCCO 2 R 。 使用所获得的VCO 2，N 2，R 2，R 2，C 2 CO 2， / SUB> N和/或C CCO 2 R 2值。 当（VCO 2> 2 ）为0时，回归线被外推以获得C cCO 2 2的值，使得CvCO 2 <2>已知。 如此确定的CvCO 2 2可以在Fick方程式中以非常差的形式插入，以及来自正常的VCO 2和C cCO 2 N 2值 呼吸，确定FCO。 为了确定PVCO 2，CvCO 2 2根据静脉血中的氧气量而改变，以正确地指示PVCO 2 。 FCO测量的持续有效性可以通过注意指示变量如VCO 2或终止潮汐CO 2量的变化来逐个呼吸地检查 。

公开(公告)号：US07069768B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-04

申请号：US10863810

申请日：2004-06-08

Applicant: Kurt Weckström ,  Heikki Haveri ,  Mika Hietala

Inventor： Kurt Weckström ,  Heikki Haveri ,  Mika Hietala

IPC: G01N25/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N21/61 ,  G01N2201/023 ,  G01N2201/1211 ,  G01N2201/12792

Abstract: The invention concerns a gas analyzer comprising: a measuring volume (2), a radiation source (1) for providing a beam to pass said measuring volume; a heat sink (16) for said radiation source; at least one thermal detector (3) having a hot junction within a support structure and receiving the radiation and a cold junction for reference within the same support structure and protected from said radiation; at least one optical bandpass filter (9) between said hot junction and said radiation source; and a thermal mass (11), which is formed of a material having high thermal conductance. The thermal mass has a cavity with a bottom step (34) and a rim (32), and a first length therebetween. The support structure has a frontal edge (35) and a base plate lip (33), and a second length therebetween. There is a radial gap between the thermal mass and the support structure. Press means urge said support structure in the cavity, whereupon a more efficient thermal contact is either between said frontal edge and said bottom step, or between said base plate lip and said rim. A first thermal barrier (17) is between the heat sink and the thermal mass, and a second thermal barrier (22) surrounds the thermal mass. A shield (19) formed of a material having high thermal conductance covers said second thermal barrier and is in thermal contact with said heat sink.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种气体分析仪，包括：测量体积（2），用于提供光束以通过所述测量体积的辐射源（1） 用于所述辐射源的散热器（16）; 至少一个热探测器（3），其在支撑结构内具有热接合部，并且在相同的支撑结构内接受辐射和冷接点供参考，并保护免受所述辐射; 在所述热接头和所述辐射源之间的至少一个光学带通滤波器（9）; 以及由具有高导热性的材料形成的热质（11）。 热质量具有具有底部台阶（34）和边缘（32）的空腔，并且其间具有第一长度。 支撑结构具有前边缘（35）和基板唇缘（33），并且其间具有第二长度。 在热质和支撑结构之间存在径向间隙。 压制装置促使空腔中的所述支撑结构，由此在所述正面边缘和所述底部台阶之间或所述基板唇缘和所述边缘之间更有效的热接触。 第一热障（17）在散热器和热质量之间，第二热障（22）围绕热质量。 由具有高导热性的材料形成的屏蔽（19）覆盖所述第二热障，并与所述散热器热接触。

公开(公告)号：US07068752B2

公开(公告)日：2006-06-27

申请号：US10813563

申请日：2004-03-30

Applicant: Sami Brandt

Inventor： Sami Brandt

IPC: A61B6/00

CPC classification number: G06T11/006 ,  G01N23/046 ,  G01N2223/419 ,  G01N2223/612 ,  G06T2211/412 ,  G06T2211/436 ,  Y10S378/901

Abstract: A medical X-ray device 5 arrangement for producing three-dimensional information of an object 4 in a medical X-ray imaging comprises an X-ray source 2 for X-radiating the object from at least two different directions; a detector 6 for detecting the X-radiation to form projection data of the object 4; a computational device 15 for modelling the object 4 mathematically utilizing the projection data to solve the imaging geometry and/or the motion of the object, where the solving concerns either some or all parts of the imaging geometry and/or the motion of the object. The computational device 15 utilizes said projection data and said mathematical modelling of the object in Bayesian inversion based on Bayes' formula p ⁡ ( x , θ ❘ m ) = p pr ⁡ ( θ ) ⁢ p pr ⁡ ( x ) ⁢ p ⁡ ( m ❘ x , θ ) p ⁡ ( m ) to produce three-dimensional information of the object.

公开(公告)号：US5830185A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-03

申请号：US542424

申请日：1995-10-12

Applicant: Frank E. Block, Jr.

Inventor： Frank E. Block, Jr.

IPC: A61M1/36 ,  A61M16/08 ,  A61M1/00

CPC classification number: A61M1/3627 ,  A61M16/0808

Abstract: A position-independent fluid trap for separating at least a portion of a first fluid of a first density entrained within a flow stream of a second fluid of a second density flowing through a fluid circuit. The trap is connectable within the fluid circuit to a first length of tubing defining an inlet line and to a second length of tubing defining an outlet line, and includes a housing enclosing an interior chamber having a geometric extent of a given volumetric capacity. An inlet port is provided to open in fluid communication with the interior chamber and to be couplable to the inlet line. An outlet tube is provided to extend from a proximal end couplable to the outlet line to a distal end disposed within the housing and opening in fluid communication with the interior chamber. Within the interior chamber, the first and second fluid are separated at an interface into a first and second fluid component according to the relative densities thereof. The outlet line distal end is disposed within the chamber effective to define with respect to the interface a predetermined fill volume of the second fluid maintaining the outlet line distal end within the second fluid component. This fill volume is substantially independent of the orientation of the trap within the fluid circuit.

Abstract translation: 一种位置无关的流体阱，用于分离夹带在流过流体回路的第二密度的第二流体的流动流中的第一密度的至少一部分的第一密度。 捕集器可在流体回路内连接到限定入口管线的第一长度的管道和限定出口管线的第二长度的管道，并且包括封闭具有给定容积的几何范围的内部室的壳体。 入口端口设置成与内部腔室流体连通地打开并且能够连接到入口管线。 出口管被设置成从可连接到出口管的近端延伸到设置在壳体内的远端，并且与内室流体连通。 在内室内，根据其相对密度，第一和第二流体在界面处分离成第一和第二流体组分。 出口管线远端设置在腔室内，有效地将第二流体的预定填充体积保持在第二流体部件内的出口管线远端相对于界面限定。 该填充体积基本上独立于流体回路内的阱的取向。