公开(公告)号：US08317886B2

公开(公告)日：2012-11-27

申请号：US10704095

申请日：2003-11-07

申请人： Robert G. Graham ,  Jan Barynin ,  Kenneth M. Davison ,  Dave Berner

发明人： Robert G. Graham ,  Jan Barynin ,  Kenneth M. Davison ,  Dave Berner

IPC分类号： C10J3/00 ,  B01J7/00

CPC分类号： C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2200/15 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/1687 ,  C10J2300/1693 ,  Y02P20/124

摘要： An apparatus and method for starved air gasification of solid organic materials, including biomass and other wastes, to convert the chemical energy stored in such materials to thermal energy or gaseous products that may be used in biochemical and/or chemical synthesis. Specifically, the system utilizes a gasifier having a “moving bed of ash” hearth wherein the feedstock is partially oxidized at a low temperature (less than 1500 degrees F.) in a square or rectangular chamber having a vaulted, tapered or flat roof.

摘要翻译： 一种用于固体有机材料（包括生物质和其他废物）的饥饿空气气化的装置和方法，用于将储存在这些材料中的化学能转化成可用于生物化学和/或化学合成的热能或气态产物。 具体地，该系统利用具有灰烬床移动床的气化器，其中原料在具有拱形，锥形或平坦屋顶的正方形或矩形室中在低温（小于1500华氏度）下被部分氧化。

公开(公告)号：US08216345B2

公开(公告)日：2012-07-10

申请号：US12082428

申请日：2008-04-10

申请人： Jackie W. Rogers ,  Michael W. Rogers

发明人： Jackie W. Rogers ,  Michael W. Rogers

IPC分类号： B01D53/50 ,  C10J3/00 ,  F23G5/00 ,  F23J1/00 ,  C01B21/20 ,  F04D29/42

CPC分类号： B01D53/14 ,  C10J3/26 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/32 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J3/42 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10K1/101

摘要： A gasification system is disclosed having a combustion or reaction vessel, a scrubber housing, and a filter housing. A carbonaceous fuel is partially combusted in the reaction vessel to generate a combustible gas. An improved ash support and removal system reduces clogging and other problems in the reaction vessel. The combustible gas passes through the scrubber housing to remove matter such as tar and oil, and the scrubbed gas passes through a hybrid blower to the filter housing. Wood chips are used in the filter housing to provide a relatively clean, dry gas. Wastewater and other waste products from the scrubber housing and filter housing are captured and returned to the reaction vessel.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有燃烧或反应容器，洗涤器壳体和过滤器壳体的气化系统。 碳质燃料在反应容器中部分燃烧，产生可燃气体。 改进的灰分支持和去除系统减少了反应容器中的堵塞和其它问题。 可燃气体通过洗涤器壳体以去除焦油和油等物质，并且经过洗涤的气体通过混合式鼓风机进入过滤器壳体。 过滤器壳体中使用木屑来提供相对干净的干燥气体。 来自洗涤器壳体和过滤器壳体的废水和其它废物被捕获并返回到反应容器中。

公开(公告)号：US07967881B2

公开(公告)日：2011-06-28

申请号：US11880708

申请日：2007-07-24

申请人： Albert Calderon ,  Terry James Laubis ,  Richard Owen McCarthy

发明人： Albert Calderon ,  Terry James Laubis ,  Richard Owen McCarthy

IPC分类号： C10B1/00 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/46

CPC分类号： C10J3/00 ,  C01C3/003 ,  C05C9/00 ,  C05C11/00 ,  C10J3/26 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J2200/154 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/094 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/16 ,  C10J2300/1634 ,  C10J2300/165 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10J2300/1665 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  C10J2300/1675 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  C10J2300/1861 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  F02C1/007 ,  F02C3/28 ,  Y02E20/16

摘要： A method and apparatus for gasifying a solid fuel within a pressurized gasifier without a lockhopper, a slurry or pulverization comprising the feeding of said fuel into a charging chamber having a first section equipped with a ram through which a mandrel is disposed, and a second section within which an impervious seal is formed from the solid fuel by the compressive forces generated by said ram and a third section into which the seal is advanced while said ram forms a successive seal in said second section. The seal from said third section is reduced in size and charged into the pressurized gasifier where it is gasified without loss of pressure. The gases produced are utilized to polygenerate products such as transport fuels and electric power, and a fertilizer from waste gas resulting from the combustion of one of the produced gases.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在加压气化器内气化固体燃料的方法和装置，其中没有锁匙，浆料或粉碎，其包括将所述燃料进料到带有第一部分的充电室中，所述第一部分装备有设置有心轴的冲头，第二部分 其中由固体燃料通过所述压头产生的压缩力和密封件前进的第三部分形成不透气密封件，同时所述冲头在所述第二部分中形成连续的密封。 来自所述第三部分的密封件的尺寸减小并且被装入加压气化器中，在气化器中气化而不会失去压力。 所生产的气体用于多种产品，如运输燃料和电力，以及来自由所生产的气体之一的燃烧产生的废气的肥料。

公开(公告)号：US20110078952A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-07

申请号：US12968164

申请日：2010-12-14

申请人： Andreas TSANGARIS ,  Margaret Swain

发明人： Andreas TSANGARIS ,  Margaret Swain

IPC分类号： C10J3/72

CPC分类号： C10J3/22 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/523 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J2200/15 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/0923 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1238 ,  Y02E50/14 ,  Y02P20/129

摘要： The present invention provides a vertically oriented gasifier comprising vertically successive processing regions for conversion of carbonaceous feedstock into gas. The gasifier comprises of: one or more processing chambers with two or more vertically successive processing regions being distributed within said one or more processing chambers, within each one of which a respective process selected from the group consisting of drying, volatilization and carbon conversion is at least partially favoured. The processing regions are identified by temperature ranges respectively enabling each said respective process. One or more additive input elements are associated with the processing regions for inputting additives to promote each said at least partially favoured process therein. In addition, the gasifier comprises one or more material displacement control modules adapted to control a vertical movement of the feedstock through said processing regions to enhance each said at least partially favoured process, one or more feedstock inputs located near a first of said processing regions and one or more gas outputs and one or more residue outputs.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种垂直取向的气化器，其包括用于将碳质原料转化为气体的垂直连续的处理区域。 气化器包括：具有两个或更多个垂直连续的处理区域的一个或多个处理室，分布在所述一个或多个处理室内，每个处理室中的每一个中选择干燥，挥发和碳转化的相应工艺处于 最不受欢迎。 处理区域通过分别使每个所述相应处理的温度范围来识别。 一个或多个添加剂输入元件与用于输入添加剂的处理区域相关联以促进其中的每个所述至少部分有利的处理。 此外，气化器包括一个或多个材料位移控制模块，其适于控制原料通过所述处理区域的垂直运动，以增强每个所述至少部分有利的工艺，一个或多个原料输入位于所述处理区域的第一个附近，以及 一个或多个气体输出和一个或多个残留物输出。

公开(公告)号：US20110072722A1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-31

申请号：US12586830

申请日：2009-09-29

申请人： Matthew Young ,  Steven Anthony ,  Stephen Armstrong ,  Steven Chase

发明人： Matthew Young ,  Steven Anthony ,  Stephen Armstrong ,  Steven Chase

IPC分类号： C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/46

CPC分类号： C10J3/34 ,  C10J3/36 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/1625 ,  F23G5/002 ,  F23G5/50 ,  F23G2207/102 ,  F23H13/08

摘要： A gasifier includes a combustion zone where a gas is introduced and fuel is combusted and at least one sensor for measuring a predetermined condition in the gasifier. A grate subsystem contains the fuel and includes at least one grinding mechanism. A controller is responsive to the at least one sensor and controls the grinding mechanism by activating the grinding mechanism if the predetermined condition exists to reduce the collection of non-fuel products on the grate subsystem.

摘要翻译： 气化器包括其中引入气体和燃料燃烧的燃烧区以及用于测量气化器中的预定条件的至少一个传感器。 炉排子系统包含燃料并且包括至少一个研磨机构。 控制器响应于至少一个传感器并通过激活磨削机构来控制磨削机构，如果存在预定条件以减少在炉排子系统上的非燃料产品的收集。

公开(公告)号：US20110065815A1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-17

申请号：US12673771

申请日：2008-08-13

申请人： Masayasu Sakai ,  Tadashi Yokoi

发明人： Masayasu Sakai ,  Tadashi Yokoi

IPC分类号： C07C27/06 ,  B01J19/00

CPC分类号： C10J3/20 ,  B01J21/08 ,  B01J23/75 ,  C10G2/32 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1246 ,  C10J2300/1606 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10J2300/1684 ,  C10J2300/1693 ,  C10J2300/1853 ,  C10J2300/1876 ,  Y02E50/32 ,  Y02P20/133 ,  Y02P20/145 ,  Y02P20/52

摘要： Disclosed is an apparatus for producing a hydrocarbon from a biomass such as a glass or wood, which comprises: a biomass gasification unit (101) for feeding a raw material biomass (MB) and an overheated water vapor (S) for gasifying the biomass and a fuel biomass (FB) and air (A) for burning the fuel biomass, thereby producing a mixed gas (G) mainly composed of hydrogen and carbon monoxide; a clean-up means (201) for purifying the mixed gas (G); a gas tank (301) for storing the cleaned-up mixed gas (G) temporarily; a pressurizing pump (401) for pressurizing the mixed gas (G); and a hydrocarbon synthesis unit (501) for converting the pressurized mixed gas (G) into a hydrocarbon.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于从诸如玻璃或木材的生物质生产烃的设备，其包括：用于供给原料生物质（MB）的生物质气化单元（101）和用于气化生物质的过热水蒸汽（S） 用于燃烧燃料生物质的燃料生物质（FB）和空气（A），从而产生主要由氢气和一氧化碳组成的混合气体（G）; 用于净化混合气体（G）的净化装置（201）; 用于临时存储净化的混合气体（G）的气罐（301） 用于对混合气体（G）加压的加压泵（401） 和用于将加压混合气体（G）转化成烃的烃合成装置（501）。

公开(公告)号：US20110030590A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-10

申请号：US12856046

申请日：2010-08-13

申请人： Kenneth Davison ,  Neal Stroulger ,  Dave Berner

发明人： Kenneth Davison ,  Neal Stroulger ,  Dave Berner

IPC分类号： F23G5/12

CPC分类号： F23B90/06 ,  C10J3/22 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J3/36 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2200/15 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1876 ,  F23G5/0276 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G7/10 ,  F23G2201/303

摘要： An apparatus for gasifying solid organic fuel includes a refractory-lined oxidation chamber, fuel storage, a transfer connecting the fuel storage with an inlet into the oxidation chamber for transferring in an upwardly inclined direction the solid fuel from the fuel storage into the inlet to form an upwardly mounded fuel bed. An oxidant is supplied into the fuel bed to gasify the organic materials in the fuel to produce a gaseous effluent from the fuel bed, thereby leaving a residue of the fuel. The residue drops through an opening under the oxidation chamber onto a residue removal transfer. The oxidant is supplied through a plurality of perforated air distribution members extending across the fuel bed cavity in the oxidation chamber so as to introduce air into the interior of the fuel bed to thereby promote evenly distributed gasification, evenly distributed through the fuel bed.

摘要翻译： 用于气化固体有机燃料的装置包括耐火材料衬里的氧化室，燃料储存器，将燃料储存器与入口连接到氧化室中的转移装置，用于沿向上倾斜的方向将固体燃料从燃料储存器转移到入口中以形成 一个向上堆积的燃料床。 将氧化剂供入到燃料床中以气化燃料中的有机材料以产生来自燃料床的气态流出物，从而留下燃料残余物。 残留物通过氧化室下面的开口滴落到残留物去除转移物上。 氧化剂通过穿过氧化室中的燃料床腔延伸的多个穿孔空气分配构件供应，以将空气引入燃料床的内部，从而促进均匀分布的气化，均匀分布在燃料床上。

公开(公告)号：US20100313796A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-16

申请号：US12860759

申请日：2010-08-20

申请人： Robert G. Graham ,  Dejan Sparica

发明人： Robert G. Graham ,  Dejan Sparica

IPC分类号： F23G5/12

CPC分类号： F23G5/027 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J3/40 ,  C10J2200/15 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  F23G7/10 ,  F23G7/12 ,  F23G2900/7003 ,  Y02E20/12 ,  Y02P20/145

摘要： Systems and methods are provided for generating energy from biomass. A gasifier is provided for generating syngas from the biomass. The gasifier comprises a housing for providing a first, oxygen starved environment in which the biomass is sub-stoichiometrically combusted to generate syngas—an effluent comprising gaseous combustibles. An oxidizer is connected to receive the syngas from the gasifier and configured to oxidize the syngas in a second environment distinct from the first, oxygen starved environment and to thereby generate heat energy. An oxidative agent supply mechanism introduces an oxidative agent to the first, oxygen starved environment in the gasifier housing, the oxidative agent comprising a mixture of flue gas and air.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于从生物量产生能量的系统和方法。 提供气化器用于从生物质产生合成气。 气化器包括用于提供第一氧缺乏环境的壳体，其中生物质被亚化学计量燃烧以产生合成气 - 包含气态可燃物的流出物。 连接氧化剂以接收来自气化器的合成气并且构造成在与第一个氧气不足的环境不同的第二环境中氧化合成气，从而产生热能。 氧化剂供给机构将氧化剂引入到气化器壳体中的第一个缺氧环境中，氧化剂包括烟道气和空气的混合物。

公开(公告)号：US20100028818A1

公开(公告)日：2010-02-04

申请号：US12230878

申请日：2008-09-05

申请人： Zhongcheng Huang ,  Peilan Wang ,  Zhigang Huang

发明人： Zhongcheng Huang ,  Peilan Wang ,  Zhigang Huang

IPC分类号： F23D14/00 ,  F23N1/00

CPC分类号： F23D14/22 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10K1/024 ,  C10K1/026 ,  F23C10/002 ,  F23D14/66 ,  F23J15/006 ,  F23J2217/101 ,  F23J2217/102 ,  Y02E20/348 ,  Y02P20/129

摘要： The present invention provides a process for burning coal instead of oil comprising the stages of coal gasification, gas combustion and optionally gas purification, utilization of residual heat of flue gas and flue gas discharge. The present invention further provides an apparatus for burning coal instead of oil. By present invention, the fuel cost for an oil-burning apparatus can be reduced by about four-fifths, so the resources of oil and natural gas can be saved either. Furthermore, the present invention has the advantages such as good reliability, high heat efficiency, high level of automation, high return on investment and good environmental benefits.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种燃煤代替油的方法，包括煤气化，气体燃烧和任选的气体净化，利用烟道气余热和烟道气排放的阶段。 本发明还提供一种燃煤代替油的装置。 通过本发明，燃油装置的燃料成本可以减少约五分之五，因此可以节省石油和天然气的资源。 此外，本发明具有可靠性高，热效率高，自动化程度高，投资回报高，环境效益好等优点。

公开(公告)号：US20090241420A1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-01

申请号：US12059430

申请日：2008-03-31

申请人： Anatoliy Rokhvarger ,  Vladimir Boyko

发明人： Anatoliy Rokhvarger ,  Vladimir Boyko

IPC分类号： C10J3/48

CPC分类号： C10J3/80 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/169 ,  C10K1/101 ,  Y02E20/18 ,  Y02E50/32 ,  Y02P20/133 ,  Y02P20/145

摘要： A system of the interrelated chemical engineering processes that continuously and simultaneously gasify and utilize of an organic-inorganic raw material or municipal solid waste (MSW) and completely or entirely decompose and transform said raw material, synthesize synthetic gas (syngas) and water steam gas mixture, and melt inorganic materials that are made further treatment and correspondingly processed into following consumable and fully marketable materials or products: syngas fuel, electricity, methanol or gasoline, chemical materials, glassy slag and concrete/road filling materials, multi-metal alloy and cast metal goods, greenhouse made green mass, and hot water; said system of chemical engineering processes does not need or use fossil fuel and electric power supplied from external sources; and said system of processes excludes an emission of nitrogen oxide, carcinogenic, and hazardous gases, and air pollutant particles, excludes production of ash or secondhand waste, and makes unsubstantial a carbon dioxide emission.

摘要翻译： 连续和同时气化和利用有机 - 无机原料或城市固体废物（MSW）的相互联系的化学工程过程的系统，并完全或完全分解和转化所述原料，合成合成气（合成气）和水蒸气 混合物和熔融无机材料进行进一步处理，并相应地加工成以下可消费和完全销售的材料或产品：合成气燃料，电，甲醇或汽油，化学材料，玻璃渣和混凝土/道路填充材料，多金属合金和 铸造金属制品，温室绿化，热水; 所述化学工程过程不需要或使用从外部来源提供的化石燃料和电力; 而且所述工艺系统不包括氮氧化物，致癌物质和有害气体以及空气污染物颗粒的排放，不包括灰分或二手废物的产生，并且使得二氧化碳排放无明显现象。