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    Multilayered polymers and foams with variable sized interlayer gaps
    203.
    发明授权
    Multilayered polymers and foams with variable sized interlayer gaps 失效
    多层聚合物和具有可变尺寸夹层间隙的泡沫体

    公开(公告)号：US06402865B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-06-11

    申请号：US09351000

    申请日：1999-07-12

    Applicant: Paul Handa ,  Zhiyi Zhang

    Inventor： Paul Handa ,  Zhiyi Zhang

    IPC: B32B3114

    CPC classification number: B29C44/3453 ,  B29C44/06 ,  B32B5/18 ,  C08J5/00 ,  C08J9/122 ,  C08J2201/032 ,  C08J2203/06

    Abstract: The invention disclosed provides integral multilayered polymers with variable interlayer gaps, and processes for their manufacture. The materials thus produced consist of many layers of a polymeric material, which may be a single polymer or a blend of compatible polymers, separated by discontinuous narrow gaps containing air and/or a blowing agent. The layer density can be controlled within a wide range, typically 10 to 2000 layers/mm, while the gap width between the layers can be controlled either to ≦100 nanometers (called nanolayered polymers) or ≧1 micrometer (called microlayered polymers), depending on the process. These layered materials are mechanically strong and have excellent thermal and electrical, and sound insulation properties. Two distinct mechanisms were developed for producing such materials. A first process produces nanolayered polymers and involves first introducing a low degree of entanglement among some of the polymer chains and then breaking apart these entanglements using a blowing agent. The microlayer process involves the use of stress-induced nucleation to uniformly grow cells in the polymer containing dissolved blowing agent and force the cells to grow in a preferential direction.

    Abstract translation: 所公开的发明提供了具有可变夹层间隙的整体多层聚合物及其制造方法。 如此制备的材料由多层聚合物材料组成，其可以是单一聚合物或相容性聚合物的共混物，其通过包含空气和/或发泡剂的不连续窄间隙分离。 层密度可以控制在宽范围内，通常为10至2000层/ mm，而层之间的间隙宽度可以控制在<= 100纳米（称为纳米级聚合物）或> = 1微米（称为微层聚合物） ，取决于过程。 这些层状材料具有机械强度并且具有优异的热和电和隔音性能。 开发了用于生产这种材料的两种不同的机制。 第一种方法产生纳米级聚合物，并且首先引入一些聚合物链之间的低度缠结，然后使用发泡剂分离这些缠结。 微层方法涉及使用应力诱导的成核以均匀地生长含有溶解的发泡剂的聚合物中的细胞，并迫使细胞以优先的方向生长。

    Methods for lowering the density and increasing the flexibility of thermoplastic foams
    204.
    发明授权
    Methods for lowering the density and increasing the flexibility of thermoplastic foams 有权
    降低热塑性泡沫的密度和增加柔韧性的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06245267B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-06-12

    申请号：US09236745

    申请日：1999-01-25

    Applicant: David W. Kreiser ,  Allan L. Dinkel ,  Juerg Patrik Weibel

    Inventor： David W. Kreiser ,  Allan L. Dinkel ,  Juerg Patrik Weibel

    IPC: B29C4420

    CPC classification number: B29C44/3453 ,  B29C44/26 ,  C08J9/40 ,  C08J2201/032 ,  C08J2300/24

    Abstract: A flexible, low density thermoplastic foam and a method for lowering the density and increasing the flexibility of a thermoplastic foam having a melting temperature and being either amorphous with a softening temperature or semicrystalline with a glass transition temperature. The method comprises the steps of (a) decreasing the pressure on the thermoplastic foam to a subatmospheric pressure, further providing that while the thermoplastic foam is under the subatmospheric pressure, the thermoplastic foam is also at a temperature in the range of less than the melting temperature and greater than the softening temperature if the thermoplastic foam is amorphous, or greater than the glass transition temperature if the thermoplastic foam is semicrystalline, whereby the thermoplastic foam expands; (b) then exposing the thermoplastic foam to a superatmospheric pressure and a secondary expansion gas for a sufficient amount of time to allow the secondary blowing gas to permeate into the thermoplastic foam; and (c) then releasing the superatmospheric pressure on the thermoplastic foam whereby the thermoplastic foam expands. With this method, it is possible to produce thermoplastic foams having densities as low as 0.008 grams/cc. Also included in this invention are insulations made from these low density foams.

    Abstract translation: 一种柔性低密度热塑性泡沫塑料，以及一种降低密度并提高具有熔融温度的热塑性泡沫塑料的柔性的方法，并且具有软化温度为无定形或玻璃化转变温度的半晶体。 该方法包括以下步骤：（a）将热塑性泡沫塑料的压力降低到低于大气压，进一步规定当热塑性泡沫体处于低于大气压的压力下时，热塑性泡沫体的温度也在小于熔化温度的范围内 如果热塑性泡沫是无定形的，则大于软化温度，如果热塑性泡沫是半结晶的，则大于玻璃化转变温度，从而使热塑性泡沫膨胀; （b）然后将热塑性泡沫体暴露于超大气压和二次​​膨胀气体足够的时间以允许二次吹入气体渗透到热塑性泡沫中; 和（c）然后释放热塑性泡沫上的超大气压力，由此热塑性泡沫膨胀。 通过这种方法，可以生产密度低至0.008克/立方厘米的热塑性泡沫塑料。 本发明还包括由这些低密度泡沫制成的绝缘体。

    Low density microporous polymers and process
    205.
    发明授权
    Low density microporous polymers and process 失效
    低密度微孔聚合物和工艺

    公开(公告)号：US5840774A

    公开(公告)日：1998-11-24

    申请号：US662263

    申请日：1991-02-28

    Applicant: Paul Ehrlich ,  Robert Bruce Stewart

    Inventor： Paul Ehrlich ,  Robert Bruce Stewart

    IPC: C08J9/28 ,  C08J9/26

    CPC classification number: C08J9/28 ,  C08J2201/032 ,  C08J2201/05 ,  C08J2323/02 ,  Y02P20/544

    Abstract: The disclosed invention is a crystalline microporous polymer and process for preparing a low density microporous polymer comprising, providing a mixture of a polymer and a polymer solvent, the mixture capable of achieving a supercritical condition; applying pressure, at a temperature sufficient for the mixture to attain a super critical condition; cooling the supercritical solution that results and precipitating a microporous crystalline polymer product.

    Abstract translation: 所公开的发明是结晶微孔聚合物和制备低密度微孔聚合物的方法，其包括提供聚合物和聚合物溶剂的混合物，所述混合物能够实现超临界条件; 在足以使混合物达到超临界条件的温度下施加压力; 冷却导致和沉淀微孔结晶聚合物产物的超临界溶液。

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