Abstract:
Disclosed is a process for preparing substituted anisidines of formula I starting from substituted cyclic hydroxy-ketones II via aromatization through a substituted oxime intermediate IV in which R is C1-C6 alkyl or halogen, and Alk is C1-C6 alkyl. The substituted anisidines of formula I have been found to be useful as intermediates in the preparation of agents for the treatment of hepatitis C viral (HCV) infections.
Abstract:
A read reclaim method of a storage device includes detecting, at a cycle of a random number of read operations, the number of error bits within non-selection data stored in each of a plurality of memory blocks. A memory block having the number of detected error bits, with respect to the number of read operations, increasing at a rate greater than a reference rate over one or more cycles of the random number of read operations is selected as a weak block. The number of error bits within non-selection data stored in the weak block is detected at a cycle of a fixed number of read operations. A detection is made of whether the number of error bits detected according to the fixed-number cycle is greater than or equal to a read reclaim reference. The non-selection data is data not requested by a host.
Abstract:
A storage device includes a nonvolatile memory device, a buffer memory, a controller and a neuromorphic chip. The neuromorphic chip is configured to generate an access classifier based on the access result information and the access environment information. The controller is configured to perform first accesses to the nonvolatile memory device using the buffer memory and to collects the access result information and the access environment information of the first accesses in the buffer memory. The controller is configured to perform a second access of the nonvolatile memory device using the buffer memory. The controller is configured to obtain a prediction result of access parameters associated with the second access by using access environment information associated with the second access and the access classifier.
Abstract:
A nonvolatile memory system includes a nonvolatile memory device and a memory controller managing the nonvolatile memory device. The operation method includes receiving a read command and a read address from an external device, reading read data stored in memory cells connected to a selected word line of a selected memory block corresponding to the read address in response to the read command, and detecting and correcting error bits of the read data. The method includes estimating the number of error bits of unselected word lines on the basis of erase leaving times of memory cells connected to the unselected word lines of the selected memory block and the detected error bits, and performing read-reclaim operation on at least one word line among the selected word line and the unselected word lines on the basis of the estimated number of error bits.
Abstract:
Random sequence data is sequentially generated based on a seed assigned to a selected memory space, and one of access-requested segments of the selected memory space is logically combined with the sequentially generated random sequence data to transfer the access-requested segment. The sequentially generating and the logically combining are iteratively performed until remaining access-requested segments all transferred.