Abstract:
A coking process wherein a heavy hydrocarbonaceous chargestock is mixed with a minor amount of coal and preheated to a temperature from about 500.degree. F. up to, but not including, coking temperatures. The pretreated mixture is then reacted in a coking zone at coking conditions.
Abstract:
A fluid coking-gasification process for converting heavy hydrocarbonaceous chargestocks to lower boiling products in which calcium silicate is used to mitigate bogging, slagging, or both. The calcium silicate can be added directly to the heavy hydrocarbonaceous chargestock to mitigate both bogging and slagging or it can be added directly into the gasifier to mitigate slagging.
Abstract:
A hydrocarbonaceous feed, such as petroleum vacuum distillation bottoms, is upgraded by a combination coking and catalytic slurry hydroconversion process wherein a bottoms fraction from coking is passed to a slurry hydroconversion zone, and the bottoms fraction from the slurry hydroconversion zone is also passed thorugh a microfiltration system to remove catalyst particles.
Abstract:
A carbonaceous feed, such as a heavy hydrocarbonaceous oil or coal and mixtures thereof, is upgraded by a combination coking and catalytic slurry hydroconversion process which may be integrated with a deasphalting process.
Abstract:
Hydroconversion processes utilizing a catalyst prepared from a catalyst precursor concentrate such as phosphomolybdic acid, is provided. The catalyst precursor concentrate is treated at relatively low pressures in a specified manner.
Abstract:
Hydroconversion processes for converting oil, coal or mixtures thereof are provided utilizing a catalyst prepared by first forming an aqueous solution of phosphomolybdic acid and phosphoric acid at a specified ratio of atoms of P/Mo, and subsequently adding this solution to a hydrocarbon material, followed by heating in the presence of H.sub.2 and/or H.sub.2 S to form a solid molybdenum and phosphorus-containing catalyst.
Abstract:
A fluid coking process is provided in which a polymetaphosphoric acid, a salt of a polymetaphosphoric acid or precursors thereof are present in the fluid coking zone.
Abstract:
In a process for catalytically converting coal in a diluent wherein the catalyst is prepared in situ in the coal-diluent mixture by converting a metal compound to a metal-containing catalyst, the metal compound is added to the coal-diluent mixture in a liquid medium comprising at least 30 weight percent of a phenol.
Abstract:
A hydrocracking process is provided utilizing high surface area metal-containing catalysts prepared by dispersing a thermally decomposable metal compound in a hydrocarbon oil having a Conradson carbon content of up to about 50 weight percent, the thermally decomposable metal compound being added in an amount sufficient to obtain a specified ratio of atoms of Conradson carbon of the oil chargestock to atoms of metal constituent of the thermally decomposable compound, heating the compound in the presence of a gas comprising either hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide or hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide to form a solid high surface area catalyst. The metal constituent of the thermally decomposable metal compound may be a metal of Groups II, III, IV, V, VIB, VIIB, VIII or mixtures thereof.
Abstract:
A catalytic hydroconversion process for a hydrocarbonaceous oil is effected by dissolving an oil-soluble metal compound in the oil, converting the compound to a solid, non-colloidal catalyst within the oil and reacting the oil containing the catalyst with hydrogen. Preferred compounds are molybdenum compounds.