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    Multiple light paths architecture and obscuration methods for signal and perfusion index optimization
    21.
    发明授权
    Multiple light paths architecture and obscuration methods for signal and perfusion index optimization 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11536653B2

    公开(公告)日：2022-12-27

    申请号：US16144958

    申请日：2018-09-27

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Chin San Han ,  Ueyn Block ,  Brian R. Land ,  Nevzat Akin Kestelli ,  Serhan Isikman ,  Albert Wang ,  Justin Shi

    IPC: G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/55 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/024

    Abstract: A photoplethysmographic (PPG) device is disclosed. The PPG device can include one or more light emitters and one or more light sensors to generate the multiple light paths for measuring a PPG signal and perfusion indices of a user. The multiple light paths between each pair of light emitters and light detectors can include different separation distances to generate both an accurate PPG signal and a perfusion index value to accommodate a variety of users and usage conditions. In some examples, the multiple light paths can include the same separation distances for noise cancellation due to artifacts resulting from, for example, tilt and/or pull of the device, a user's hair, a user's skin pigmentation, and/or motion. The PPG device can further include one or more lenses and/or reflectors to increase the signal strength and/or and to obscure the optical components and associated wiring from being visible to a user's eye.

    Light-based shielding detection
    23.
    发明授权
    Light-based shielding detection 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10324032B2

    公开(公告)日：2019-06-18

    申请号：US15845937

    申请日：2017-12-18

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Serhan O. Isikman ,  Brian R. Land ,  Erno H. Klaassen

    IPC: G01J5/00 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N33/00 ,  A61B5/00 ,  G01N21/33 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/31

    Abstract: Disclosed herein is a sunscreen detector for use with portable device, such as a mobile and/or wearable device. One variation of a sunscreen detector comprises an illumination system that is configured to illuminate a target skin area with ultraviolet and/or infrared spectrum light and a sensor system that is configured to detect the amount of ultraviolet and/or infrared spectrum light that is reflected from the target skin area. The sunscreen detector is configured to analyze the data collected by the sensor system to generate a notification to the user as to whether they should apply sunscreen.

    Removing RF interference through scan rate locking
    24.
    发明授权
    Removing RF interference through scan rate locking 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10305520B2

    公开(公告)日：2019-05-28

    申请号：US15607029

    申请日：2017-05-26

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Tao Shui ,  Brian R. Land

    IPC: A61B5/00 ,  H04B1/04 ,  H04B1/3827

    Abstract: This relates to methods and apparatus for mitigating effects of the presence of RF communication signals. In some examples, non-linearity and rectification of the RF communication signals can become rectified in sensor circuitry such that spectral components of a frame or sub-frame timing of the RF communication signals can be aliased into the sensor circuitry output within a bandwidth of interest. In some examples, a notch filter can be employed to remove the aliased RF communication signals from the sensor output. In some examples, a sampling rate used for sampling the user's physiological signals can be generated such that the sampling of the sensor is synchronous with the RF communication signals. In some examples, the sampling rate for the sensor can be generated as an integer multiple or integer submultiple of the frame or sub-frame timing of the RF communication signals.

    Light Sensors For Electronic Devices
    26.
    发明申请
    Light Sensors For Electronic Devices 有权
    电子设备用光传感器

    公开(公告)号：US20140167619A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-06-19

    申请号：US13716495

    申请日：2012-12-17

    Applicant: APPLE INC.

    Inventor： Brian R. Land ,  Steven P. Hotelling

    IPC: G01J1/44 ,  H05B37/02 ,  G01J1/02

    CPC classification number: G01J1/44 ,  G01J1/0219 ,  G01J1/0228 ,  G01J1/0233 ,  G01J1/0271 ,  G01J1/0437 ,  G01J1/0488 ,  G01J1/4204 ,  G01J1/4228 ,  G01S7/4811 ,  G01S7/4813 ,  G01S17/026

    Abstract: Electronic devices may include light sensors. A light sensor may be an ambient light sensor that is mounted adjacent to an aperture in an opaque structure. An ambient light sensor may include active light sensor elements located adjacent to the aperture and inactive light sensor elements located adjacent to the opaque structure. Signal processing circuitry may be interposed between the light sensor elements and a summing circuit that sums light signals from the light sensor elements to form an ambient light signal. The signal processing circuitry may include a switch and an amplifier associated with each light sensor element. The switch associated with each element may be used to selectively activate or inactivate that element. The amplifier associated with each element may be used to amplify the light signal from that element by a gain factor that depends on the location of that element with respect to the aperture.

    Abstract translation: 电子设备可以包括光传感器。 光传感器可以是与不透明结构中的孔相邻地安装的环境光传感器。 环境光传感器可以包括邻近孔的有源光传感器元件和位于不透明结构附近的不活动光传感器元件。 信号处理电路可以插入在光传感器元件和加法电路之间，该求和电路将来自光传感器元件的光信号相加以形成环境光信号。 信号处理电路可以包括与每个光传感器元件相关联的开关和放大器。 与每个元件相关联的开关可以用于选择性地激活或者去激活该元件。 与每个元件相关联的放大器可用于通过取决于该元件相对于孔的位置的增益因子来放大来自该元件的光信号。

    Synchronized Ambient Light Sensor and Display
    27.
    发明申请
    Synchronized Ambient Light Sensor and Display 有权
    同步环境光传感器和显示器

    公开(公告)号：US20140132158A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-05-15

    申请号：US13746549

    申请日：2013-01-22

    Applicant: APPLE INC.

    Inventor： Brian R. Land ,  Prashanth S. S. Holenarsipur ,  Terry Gilton ,  Paul S. Drzaic ,  Wei H. Yao

    IPC: H05B37/02

    CPC classification number: H05B37/02 ,  G09G3/20 ,  G09G3/3225 ,  G09G3/3406 ,  G09G3/3648 ,  G09G2310/0237 ,  G09G2320/0626 ,  G09G2320/0633 ,  G09G2360/141 ,  G09G2360/144

    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided that has a display. The display may produce light using a backlight unit or using an array of light-emitting display pixels. An ambient light sensor may be mounted under an active area of the display to measure ambient light that is transmitted through the display. The display may be periodically disabled to prevent the display from producing light that interferes with the ambient light sensor. Display pixels may be coupled to a common cathode switch that can be periodically opened or the backlight in a display with a backlight can be periodically turned off. Control circuitry for periodically disabling the display while enabling the ambient light sensor may be implemented using a display driver integrated circuit mounted to a display.

    Abstract translation: 可以提供具有显示器的电子设备。 显示器可以使用背光单元或使用发光显示像素阵列产生光。 环境光传感器可以安装在显示器的有效区域下方，以测量通过显示器传输的环境光。 可以周期地禁用显示器以防止显示器产生干扰环境光传感器的光。 显示像素可以耦合到可以周期性地打开的公共阴极开关，或者可以周期性地关闭具有背光的显示器中的背光。 可以使用安装到显示器的显示驱动器集成电路来实现在启用环境光传感器的同时周期性禁用显示器的控制电路。

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