公开(公告)号：US20130186770A1

公开(公告)日：2013-07-25

申请号：US13790744

申请日：2013-03-08

Applicant: Ceramatec, Inc.

Inventor： James Mosby ,  Sai Bhavaraju ,  Mukund Karanjikar

IPC: C25B3/10 ,  C25B9/08

CPC classification number: C25B3/10 ,  C10G3/00 ,  C10G2300/1011 ,  C10G2300/44 ,  C25B9/08 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: A method for converting carboxylic acids (including carboxylic acids derived from biomass) into hydrocarbons. The produced hydrocarbons will generally have at least two oxygen containing substituents (or other substituents). In one example of application, the electrolysis converts alkali salts of carboxylic acids into diols which can then be used as solvents or be dehydrated to produce dienes, which can then be used to produce elastic polymeric materials. This process allows custom synthesis of high value chemicals from renewable feed stocks such as carboxylic acids derived from biomass.

Abstract translation: 将羧酸（包括衍生自生物质的羧酸）转化成烃的方法。 产生的烃通常具有至少两个含氧取代基（或其它取代基）。 在应用的一个实例中，电解将羧酸的碱金属盐转化为二醇，其然后可以用作溶剂或脱水以产生二烯，然后可以将其用于制备弹性聚合材料。 该方法允许定制合成来自可再生原料的高价值化学品，例如衍生自生物质的羧酸。

公开(公告)号：US20130183546A1

公开(公告)日：2013-07-18

申请号：US13742184

申请日：2013-01-15

Applicant: Ceramatec, Inc.

Inventor： Ashok V. Joshi ,  Sai Bhavaraju

IPC: C25B13/04 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M6/18 ,  H01M8/10

CPC classification number: C25B13/04 ,  H01M6/185 ,  H01M8/1016 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/0562

Abstract: An electrochemical cell having a composite alkali ion-conductive electrolyte membrane. Generally, the cell includes a catholyte compartment and an anolyte compartment that are separated by the composite alkali ion-conductive electrolyte membrane. The composite electrolyte membrane includes a layer of alkali ion-conductive material and one or more layers of alkali intercalation compound which is chemically stable upon exposure to a chemically reactive anolyte solution or catholyte solution thereby protecting the layer of alkali ion-conductive material from unwanted chemical reaction. The layer of alkali intercalation compound conducts alkali ions. The cell may operate and protect the alkali ion-conductive material under conditions that would be adverse to the material if the intercalation compound were not present. The composite membrane may include a cation conductor layer having additional capability to protect the composite electrolyte membrane from adverse conditions.

Abstract translation: 一种具有复合碱性离子传导电解质膜的电化学电池。 通常，电池包括由复合碱性离子传导电解质膜分离的阴极电解液室和阳极电解液室。 复合电解质膜包括一层碱性离子传导材料和一层或多层碱插层化合物，其在暴露于化学反应性阳极电解液或阴极电解液中时化学稳定，从而保护碱离子传导材料层免受不希望的化学物质 反应。 碱插层化合物层传导碱离子。 如果插入化合物不存在，电池可以在对材料有害的条件下操作和保护碱性离子传导材料。 复合膜可以包括具有额外的保护复合电解质膜不利条件的能力的阳离子导体层。

公开(公告)号：US09797053B2

公开(公告)日：2017-10-24

申请号：US13742184

申请日：2013-01-15

Applicant: Ceramatec, Inc.

Inventor： Ashok V Joshi ,  Sai Bhavaraju

IPC: H01M10/0562 ,  H01M6/18 ,  H01M8/10 ,  C25B13/04 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M8/1016

CPC classification number: C25B13/04 ,  H01M6/185 ,  H01M8/1016 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/0562

Abstract: An electrochemical cell having a composite alkali ion-conductive electrolyte membrane. Generally, the cell includes a catholyte compartment and an anolyte compartment that are separated by the composite alkali ion-conductive electrolyte membrane. The composite electrolyte membrane includes a layer of alkali ion-conductive material and one or more layers of alkali intercalation compound which is chemically stable upon exposure to a chemically reactive anolyte solution or catholyte solution thereby protecting the layer of alkali ion-conductive material from unwanted chemical reaction. The layer of alkali intercalation compound conducts alkali ions. The cell may operate and protect the alkali ion-conductive material under conditions that would be adverse to the material if the intercalation compound were not present. The composite membrane may include a cation conductor layer having additional capability to protect the composite electrolyte membrane from adverse conditions.

公开(公告)号：US09431681B2

公开(公告)日：2016-08-30

申请号：US14478676

申请日：2014-09-05

Applicant: CERAMATEC, INC.

Inventor： Ashok V. Joshi ,  Sai Bhavaraju

IPC: H02J7/00 ,  H01M10/39 ,  H01M10/46

CPC classification number: H01M10/3909 ,  H01M10/3918 ,  H01M10/465 ,  H01M2300/0028 ,  H01M2300/0045 ,  H01M2300/0054

Abstract: A molten sodium secondary cell charges at a high temperature and discharges at a relatively lower temperature. The cell includes a sodium anode and a cathode. A sodium ion conductive solid membrane separates the cathode from the sodium anode and selectively transports sodium ions. A solar energy source includes a photovoltaic system to provide an electric charging potential to the sodium anode and the cathode and a solar thermal concentrator to provide heat to the cathode and catholyte composition to cause the molten sodium secondary cell to charge at a temperature in the range from about 300 to 800° C. The cell has a charge temperature and a charge voltage and a discharge temperature and a discharge voltage. The charge temperature is substantially higher than the discharge temperature, and the charge voltage is lower than the discharge voltage.

Abstract translation: 熔融的钠二次电池在高温下充电并在相对较低的温度下放电。 电池包括钠阳极和阴极。 钠离子导电固体膜将阴极与钠阳极分开并选择性地输送钠离子。 太阳能源包括为钠阳极和阴极提供充电电势的光伏系统和向阴极和阴极电解液组合物提供热量的太阳能热收集器，以使熔融钠二次电池在范围内的温度下充电 约300至800℃。电池具有充电温度和充电电压以及放电温度和放电电压。 充电温度显着高于放电温度，充电电压低于放电电压。

公开(公告)号：US20160049658A1

公开(公告)日：2016-02-18

申请号：US14824500

申请日：2015-08-12

Applicant: SK Innovation Co., Ltd. ,  Ceramatec, Inc.

Inventor： JeHyun Chae ,  JeongSoo Kim ,  JongSeon Kim ,  Sai Bhavaraju

IPC: H01M4/58 ,  H01M10/39

CPC classification number: H01M10/0568 ,  H01M10/0569 ,  H01M10/3918 ,  H01M10/3954 ,  H01M2300/0028 ,  H01M2300/0068

Abstract: Provided is a sodium secondary battery including: an anode containing sodium; a cathode containing sulfur; a cathode electrolyte solution being in contact with the cathode and capable of conducting sodium ions into and from a solid electrolyte membrane; and a solid electrolyte separating the anode and the cathode electrolyte solution and having sodium ion conductivity. The sodium secondary battery of the present invention overcomes the problems of thermal management and heat sealing due to a high operating temperature, possessed by the existing sodium-sulfur battery or sodium-nickel chloride battery (so called, a ZEBRA battery), and may achieve high a charge and discharge mechanism characteristic.

Abstract translation: 提供一种钠二次电池，其包括：含有钠的阳极; 含硫的阴极; 阴极电解质溶液与阴极接触并能够将钠离子导入固体电解质膜和从固体电解质膜中导出钠离子; 以及分离阳极和阴极电解质溶液并具有钠离子传导性的固体电解质。 本发明的钠二次电池克服了由于现有的钠硫电池或钠 - 氯化镍电池（所谓的ZEBRA电池）具有的高工作温度下的热管理和热封的问题，并且可以实现 高放电机理特点。

公开(公告)号：US09206515B2

公开(公告)日：2015-12-08

申请号：US14198026

申请日：2014-03-05

Applicant: Ceramatec, Inc.

Inventor： Sai Bhavaraju ,  Justin Pendleton

IPC: C25B3/00 ,  C25B3/10 ,  C25B1/02 ,  C25B3/02 ,  C10G3/00 ,  C25B9/08 ,  C10G32/02

CPC classification number: C25B1/02 ,  C10G3/40 ,  C10G3/45 ,  C10G3/47 ,  C10G3/50 ,  C10G32/02 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/1018 ,  C10G2300/44 ,  C10G2400/04 ,  C25B3/02 ,  C25B3/10 ,  C25B9/08 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: A method that produces coupled radical products. The method involves obtaining a sodium salt of a sulfonic acid (R—SO3—Na). The alkali metal salt is then used in an anolyte as part of an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may include an alkali ion conducting membrane (such as a NaSICON membrane). When the cell is operated, the alkali metal salt of the sulfonic acid desulfoxylates and forms radicals. Such radicals are then bonded to other radicals, thereby producing a coupled radical product such as a hydrocarbon. The produced hydrocarbon may be, for example, saturated, unsaturated, branched, or unbranched, depending upon the starting material.

Abstract translation: 一种产生偶联产物的方法。 该方法包括获得磺酸钠盐（R-SO 3 -Na）。 然后将碱金属盐用作阳极电解液作为电解池的一部分。 电解池可以包括碱离子传导膜（例如NaSICON膜）。 当电池操作时，磺酸的碱金属盐脱硫并形成自由基。 然后将这些基团与其它基团键合，由此产生偶联的基团产物如烃。 取决于起始原料，生成的烃可以是例如饱和的，不饱和的，支链的或非支链的。

公开(公告)号：US20150086826A1

公开(公告)日：2015-03-26

申请号：US14496509

申请日：2014-09-25

Applicant: CERAMATEC, INC.

Inventor： Sai Bhavaraju ,  Ashok V. Joshi ,  Mathew Robins ,  Alexis Eccleston

IPC: H01M10/39 ,  H01M4/38

CPC classification number: H01M10/399 ,  H01M4/381 ,  H01M4/582 ,  H01M2300/0074

Abstract: An intermediate temperature molten sodium-metal halide rechargeable battery utilizes a molten eutectic mixture of sodium haloaluminate salts having a relatively low melting point that enables the battery to operate at substantially lower temperature compared to the traditional ZEBRA battery system and utilize a highly conductive NaSICON solid electrolyte membrane. The positive electrode comprises a mixture of NaX and MX, where X is a halogen selected from Cl, Br and I and M is a metal selected Ni, Fe, and Zn. The positive electrode is disposed in a mixed molten salt positive electrolyte comprising at least two salts that can be represented by the formula NaAlX′4-δX″δ, where 0

Abstract translation: 中间温度熔融的钠 - 金属卤化物可再充电电池利用具有相对低熔点的卤化铝酸盐的熔融共晶混合物，其使得电池能够在与传统的ZEBRA电池系统相比更低的温度下工作，并且使用高导电性的NaSICON固体电解质 膜。 正极包括NaX和MX的混合物，其中X是选自Cl，Br和I的卤素，M是选自Ni，Fe和Zn的金属。 将正极配置在包含至少两种可由式NaAlX'4-δX“δ表示的盐的混合熔融盐正电解质中，其中0 <δ<4，其中X'和X”是选自以下的不同卤素 Cl，Br和I.正极可以包括以NaX:NaAlX'4-δX“δ的1:1至3:1的摩尔比添加的另外的NaX。

公开(公告)号：US20150083606A1

公开(公告)日：2015-03-26

申请号：US14495642

申请日：2014-09-24

Applicant: CERAMATEC, INC.

Inventor： James Mosby ,  Sai Bhavaraju

IPC: C25B3/00 ,  C25B9/08

CPC classification number: C25B3/00 ,  C25B3/02 ,  C25B3/10 ,  C25B9/06 ,  C25B9/08

Abstract: Molten salt electrolytes are described for use in electrochemical synthesis of hydrocarbons from carboxylic acids. The molten salt electrolyte can be used to synthesize a wide variety of hydrocarbons with and without functional groups that have a broad range of applications. The molten salt can be used to synthesize saturated hydrocarbons, diols, alkylated aromatic compounds, as well as other types of hydrocarbons. The molten salt electrolyte increases the selectivity, yield, the energy efficiency and Coulombic efficiency of the electrochemical conversion of carboxylic acids to hydrocarbons while reducing the cell potential required to perform the oxidation.

Abstract translation: 熔盐盐电解质描述用于从羧酸电化学合成烃。 熔融盐电解质可用于合成具有和不具有广泛应用范围的官能团的各种各样的烃。 熔融盐可用于合成饱和烃，二醇，烷基化芳族化合物以及其他类型的烃。 熔融盐电解质增加了羧酸对碳氢化合物的电化学转化的选择性，产率，能量效率和库仑效率，同时降低了进行氧化所需的电池电位。

公开(公告)号：US20150030896A1

公开(公告)日：2015-01-29

申请号：US14511031

申请日：2014-10-09

Applicant: Ceramatec, Inc.

Inventor： Sai Bhavaraju ,  Mathew Robins ,  Alexis Eccleston

IPC: H01M10/39 ,  H01M2/40 ,  H01M10/0562

CPC classification number: H01M10/399 ,  H01M2/40 ,  H01M4/388 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M4/661 ,  H01M10/054 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M10/36 ,  H01M10/4235 ,  H01M2300/0068

Abstract: A sodium-halogen secondary cell that includes a negative electrode compartment housing a negative, sodium-based electrode and a positive electrode compartment housing a current collector disposed in a liquid positive electrode solution. The liquid positive electrode solution includes a halogen and/or a halide. The cell includes a sodium ion conductive electrolyte membrane that separates the negative electrode from the liquid positive electrode solution. Although in some cases, the negative sodium-based electrode is molten during cell operation, in other cases, the negative electrode includes a sodium electrode or a sodium intercalation carbon electrode that is solid during operation.

Abstract translation: 一种钠 - 卤素二次电池，其包括容纳负极的钠电极的负电极室和容纳设置在液体正极溶液中的集电器的正电极室。 液体正极溶液包括卤素和/或卤化物。 电池包括将负极与液体正极溶液分离的钠离子导电电解质膜。 虽然在某些情况下，在电池工作期间负极的钠基电极熔融，但在其他情况下，负极包括在操作期间是固体的钠电极或钠插层碳电极。

公开(公告)号：US20140212707A1

公开(公告)日：2014-07-31

申请号：US14205019

申请日：2014-03-11

Applicant: Ceramatec, Inc.

Inventor： Sai Bhavaraju ,  Mathew Robins

IPC: H01M10/39

CPC classification number: H01M10/399 ,  H01B1/122 ,  H01M4/381 ,  H01M4/505 ,  H01M10/054 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M2300/002 ,  H01M2300/0022

Abstract: The present invention provides a molten sodium secondary cell. In some cases, the secondary cell includes a sodium metal negative electrode, a positive electrode compartment that includes a positive electrode disposed in a molten positive electrolyte comprising Na—FSA (sodium-bis(fluorosulonyl)amide), and a sodium ion conductive electrolyte membrane that separates the negative electrode from the positive electrolyte. One disclosed example of electrolyte membrane material includes, without limitation, a NaSICON-type membrane. The positive electrode includes a sodium intercalation electrode. Non-limiting examples of the sodium intercalation electrode include NaxMnO2, NaxCrO2, NaxNiO, and NaxFey(PO4)z. The cell is functional at an operating temperature between about 100° C. and about 150° C., and preferably between about 110° C. and about 130° C.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种熔融钠二次电池。 在一些情况下，二次电池包括钠金属负极，正极室，其包括设置在包含Na-FSA（钠 - 二（氟代磺酰基）酰胺）的熔融正电解质中的正极）和钠离子导电电解质膜 其将负电极与正电解质分离。 电解质膜材料的一个公开实施例包括但不限于NaSICON型膜。 正极包括钠插层电极。 钠插层电极的非限制性实例包括NaxMnO2，NaxCrO2，NaxNiO和NaxFey（PO4）z。 电池在约100℃至约150℃，优选约110℃至约130℃的操作温度下起作用。