公开(公告)号：US20050267318A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-01

申请号：US10516923

申请日：2003-06-10

申请人： Michael Hesse ,  Stephan Schlitter ,  Holger Borchert ,  Markus Schubert ,  Markus Rosch ,  Nils Bottke ,  Rolf-Hartmuth Fischer ,  Alexander Weck ,  Gunther Windecker ,  Gunnar Heydrich

发明人： Michael Hesse ,  Stephan Schlitter ,  Holger Borchert ,  Markus Schubert ,  Markus Rosch ,  Nils Bottke ,  Rolf-Hartmuth Fischer ,  Alexander Weck ,  Gunther Windecker ,  Gunnar Heydrich

IPC分类号： B01J23/80 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C29/149 ,  C07C31/20 ,  C07C31/18

CPC分类号： C07C29/149 ,  C07C31/207

摘要： The present invention relates to a process for preparing optionally alkyl-substituted 1,4-butanediol by two-stage catalytic hydrogenation in the gas phase of C4-dicarboxylic acids and/or of derivatives thereof having the following steps: a) introducing a gas stream of a C4-dicarboxylic acid or of a derivative thereof at from 200 to 300° C. and from 2 to 60 bar into a first reactor and catalytically hydrogenating it to a product which contains mainly optionally alkyl-substituted 7-butyrolactone; b) converting the product stream into the liquid phase; c) introducing the product stream obtained in this way into a second reactor at a temperature of from 100° C. to 240° C. and a pressure of from 20 to 250 bar and catalytically hydrogenating it in the liquid phase to optionally alkyl-substituted 1,4-butanediol; d) removing the desired product from by-products and any unconverted reactants; e) optionally recycling unconverted intermediates into one or both hydrogenation stages, said hydrogenation stages both using a catalyst which comprises ≦95% by weight, preferably from 5 to 95% by weight, in particular from 10 to 80% by weight, of CuO, and ≧5% by weight, preferably from 5 to 95% by weight, in particular from 20 to 90% by weight, of a support, said second reactor having a higher pressure than said first reactor, and the product mixture removed from said first reactor being introduced without further purification into said second reactor.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过在具有下列物质的C 4 - 二羧酸和/或其衍生物的气相中通过两阶段催化氢化制备任选的烷基取代的1,4-丁二醇的方法 步骤：a）将200-300℃和2-60巴的C 4-14二羧酸或其衍生物的气流引入第一反应器，并将其催化氢化至 主要含有烷基取代的7-丁内酯的产物; b）将产物流转化成液相; c）将以这种方式获得的产物流在100℃至240℃的温度和20至250巴的压力下引入第二反应器，并将其在液相中催化氢化为任选的烷基取代的 1,4-丁二醇 d）从副产物和任何未转化的反应物中除去所需的产物; e）任选地将未转化的中间体再循环到一个或两个氢化阶段中，所述氢化步骤均使用包含<= 95重量％，优选5至95重量％，特别是10至80重量％的CuO ，和> = 5重量％，优选5至95重量％，特别是20至90重量％的载体，所述第二反应器具有比所述第一反应器更高的压力，并将产物混合物从 所述第一反应器不经进一步纯化地引入所述第二反应器。

公开(公告)号：US06743404B1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-01

申请号：US09674047

申请日：2000-10-25

申请人： Volker Schumacher ,  Gert Bürger ,  Thomas Fetzer ,  Michael Baier ,  Michael Hesse

发明人： Volker Schumacher ,  Gert Bürger ,  Thomas Fetzer ,  Michael Baier ,  Michael Hesse

IPC分类号： B01D5356

CPC分类号： B01D53/8631 ,  C01B21/26 ,  C01B21/265 ,  Y02C20/10

摘要： A reactor for the catalytic oxidation of ammonia to form nitrogen oxides which has a noble metal gauze catalyst and a heat exchanger in that order in the direction of flow, a catalyst for the decomposition of N2O is located between the noble metal gauze catalyst and the heat exchanger and in a process for the catalytic decomposition of N2O in a gas mixture obtained in the preparation of nitric acid by catalytic oxidation of ammonia, where the N2O is decomposed catalytically over a catalyst of the decomposition of N2O, the hot gas mixture obtained from the catalytic oxidation of ammonia is brought to contact with the catalyst for the decomposition of N2O prior to subsequent cooling.

摘要翻译： 用于催化氧化氨以形成氮氧化物的反应器，其具有贵金属纱布催化剂和沿流动方向依次换热器，用于分解N 2 O的催化剂位于贵金属纱布催化剂和热量之间 并且在通过氨的催化氧化在硝酸制备中获得的气体混合物中催化分解N2O的方法中，其中N 2 O在N 2 O分解催化剂上催化分解，得到的热气体混合物 在随后冷却之前，使氨的催化氧化与用于分解N 2 O的催化剂接触。

公开(公告)号：US06362384B1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-26

申请号：US09760711

申请日：2001-01-17

申请人： Ruprecht Meissner ,  Michael Hesse ,  Christian Walsdorff

发明人： Ruprecht Meissner ,  Michael Hesse ,  Christian Walsdorff

IPC分类号： C07C1700

摘要： A process for the preparation of 1,2-dichloroethane by oxychlorination of ethene in the presence of a copper-containing fixed-bed catalyst comprising a bed essentially consisting of catalyst particles which comprise, at least partially, support material impregnated with an active component and, if desired, a promoter, where the catalyst bed comprises essentially no separate inert material for dilution.

公开(公告)号：US06196918B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-06

申请号：US09333540

申请日：1999-06-15

申请人： Darrell Miers ,  Robert Reitzen ,  Bill Rommerdahl ,  Michael Hesse ,  Hein Hundal

发明人： Darrell Miers ,  Robert Reitzen ,  Bill Rommerdahl ,  Michael Hesse ,  Hein Hundal

IPC分类号： A63F922

CPC分类号： G07F17/32 ,  G07F17/3276 ,  G07F17/3293

摘要： The present invention comprises an intelligent gaming system that includes a game engine, simulation engine, and, in certain embodiments, a static evaluator. Embodiments of the invention include an intelligent, poker playing slot machine that allows a user to play poker for money against one or more intelligent, simulated opponents. The simulation engine generates actions for the simulated player(s). The simulation engine allows a real person, or user, to play against intelligent, simulated opponents. In addition, in certain embodiments a static evaluator offers another level of play in which the user can play against a predetermined criteria for winning. In one embodiment of the invention, the user plays against simulated opponent(s). In another embodiment of the invention, the user plays against simulated opponent(s) and against the predetermined criteria.

摘要翻译： 本发明包括智能游戏系统，其包括游戏引擎，模拟引擎，以及在某些实施例中，静态评估器。 本发明的实施例包括一种智能的扑克玩老虎机，其允许用户针对一个或多个智能模拟对手玩钱扑克。 模拟引擎为模拟玩家生成动作。 模拟引擎允许真正的人或用户对智能模拟对手进行对抗。 此外，在某些实施例中，静态评估器提供另一个玩家级别，用户可根据预定的获胜标准进行游戏。 在本发明的一个实施例中，用户对模拟的对手进行打击。 在本发明的另一个实施例中，用户针对模拟对手并且抵制预定标准。

公开(公告)号：US06187957B1

公开(公告)日：2001-02-13

申请号：US09459856

申请日：1999-12-14

申请人： Gerald Meyer ,  Frank Funke ,  Gerhard Schulz ,  Detlef Kratz ,  Marc Walter ,  Michael Hesse

发明人： Gerald Meyer ,  Frank Funke ,  Gerhard Schulz ,  Detlef Kratz ,  Marc Walter ,  Michael Hesse

IPC分类号： C07C20900

CPC分类号： C07C213/02 ,  B01J23/72 ,  B01J35/10 ,  B01J37/0009 ,  C07C209/16 ,  C07C209/60 ,  C07C211/03 ,  C07C217/08

摘要： Amines are prepared by reacting primary or secondary alcohols, aldehydes or ketones with nitrogen compounds selected from the group consisting of ammonia and primary and secondary amines at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressures in the presence of hydrogen and of a catalyst containing copper and oxygen-containing compounds of titanium by a process in which the catalyst is used in the form of moldings which have been prepared with the addition of metallic copper powder.

摘要翻译： 通过在氢气和含铜和含氧化合物的催化剂的高温和超大气压下，使伯醇或仲醇，醛或酮与选自氨和伯胺和仲胺的氮化合物反应制备胺 的钛，其中催化剂以通过添加金属铜粉制备的模制品的形式使用。

公开(公告)号：US06177382B1

公开(公告)日：2001-01-23

申请号：US09275801

申请日：1999-03-25

申请人： Michael Hesse ,  Otto Kumberger

发明人： Michael Hesse ,  Otto Kumberger

IPC分类号： B01J2372

CPC分类号： B01D53/8662 ,  B01D53/8628 ,  B01J23/005 ,  B01J37/0009

摘要： In a process for preparing spinel extrudates by extruding molding compositions comprising spinel powder with or without extrusion assistants, stabilizers, shrinkage reducers, pore-formers or mixtures thereof subsequent drying and calcination of the extrudates, the molding composition further comprises aluminum oxides or aluminum oxide hydrates and metal nitrates.

摘要翻译： 在通过挤出具有或不具有挤出助剂，稳定剂，减缩剂，成孔剂或其混合物的尖晶石粉末的模塑组合物来制备尖晶石挤出物的方法中，随后挤出物的干燥和煅烧，模塑组合物还包含氧化铝或氧化铝水合物 和金属硝酸盐。

公开(公告)号：US6111147A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-29

申请号：US269210

申请日：1999-04-01

申请人： Christoph Sigwart ,  Karsten Eller ,  Rainer Becker ,  Klaus-Dieter Plitzko ,  Rolf Fischer ,  Frank Stein ,  Ulrich Mueller ,  Michael Hesse

发明人： Christoph Sigwart ,  Karsten Eller ,  Rainer Becker ,  Klaus-Dieter Plitzko ,  Rolf Fischer ,  Frank Stein ,  Ulrich Mueller ,  Michael Hesse

IPC分类号： C08G65/10 ,  C08G18/48 ,  C08G65/20 ,  C08G65/28 ,  C07C43/10 ,  C07C43/11 ,  C07C67/24 ,  C07C69/76

CPC分类号： C08G65/20 ,  C08G18/4854

摘要： Polytetrahydrofuran, copolymers of tetrahydrofuran and 2-butyne-1,4-diol, diesters of these polymers with C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -monocarboxylic acids or monoesters of these polymers with C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -monocarboxylic acids are prepared by polymerization of tetrahydrofuran in the presence of one of the telogens water, 1,4-butanediol, 2-butyne-1,4-diol, polytetrahydrofuran having a molecular weight of from 200 to 700 Dalton, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -monocarboxylic acid or an anhydride of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -monocarboxylic acid or a mixture of these telogens over a heterogeneous supported catalyst which comprises a catalytically active amount of an oxygen-containing molybdenum and/or tungsten compound on an oxidic support material and which has been calcined at from 5OO.degree. C. to 1OOO.degree. C. after application of the precursor compounds of the oxygen-containing molybdenum and/or tungsten compounds onto the support material precursor, wherein the catalyst is activated by treatment with a reducing agent before it is used as a polymerization catalyst.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP97 / 05204 Sec。 371日期1999年4月1日 102（e）1999年4月1日PCT PCT 1997年9月23日PCT公布。 第WO98 / 15589号公报 日期：1998年4月16日四氢呋喃，四氢呋喃和2-丁炔-1,4-二醇的共聚物，这些聚合物与C2-C20-一元羧酸的二酯或这些聚合物与C1-C10-一元羧酸的单酯通过四氢呋喃 在其中一种使用水，1,4-丁二醇，2-丁炔-1,4-二醇，分子量为200-700道尔顿的聚四氢呋喃，C1-C10-一元羧酸或 C2-C20-一元羧酸或这些方法的混合物在非均相载体催化剂上的混合物，其包含在氧化载体材料上的催化活性量的含氧钼和/或钨化合物，并且已经在500℃煅烧 将含氧钼和/或钨化合物的前体化合物施加到载体材料前体上之后，至1000℃，其中催化剂在用作还原剂之前通过用还原剂进行活化 聚合催化剂。

公开(公告)号：US5976454A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-02

申请号：US819998

申请日：1997-03-18

申请人： Hans-Josef Sterzel ,  Michael Hesse ,  Andreas Kleinke

发明人： Hans-Josef Sterzel ,  Michael Hesse ,  Andreas Kleinke

IPC分类号： B01D39/20 ,  B01J35/04 ,  B01J37/00 ,  B22F3/11 ,  B28B3/20 ,  C04B38/00 ,  C04B38/02 ,  C22C1/08 ,  B29C65/00

CPC分类号： B22F3/1125 ,  B01J35/04 ,  B01J37/0018 ,  C04B38/02 ,  B22F2003/1131 ,  C04B2111/0081

摘要： A process for producing open-celled, inorganic sintered foam products which comprises:a. converting slip material comprising sinterable inorganic powder, a fluid, vaporizable material which makes this slip material capable of flow and, if desired, a material forming blowing gas into a foamed product in a foaming step with liberation of the blowing gas,b. subjecting this foamed product to a treatment which essentially makes the slip material incapable of flow and forms an open-pored intermediate body, with the steps a. and b. being able to proceed essentially simultaneously,c. removing material remaining from the fluid material and any further material from the intermediate body to form a green foam body, andd. sintering the green foam body to form the open-celled, inorganic sintered foam product.

摘要翻译： 一种生产开孔无机烧结泡沫产品的方法，包括：a。 b。转换包含可烧结无机粉末的滑动材料，使得该滑动材料能够流动的流体，可蒸发材料，以及如果需要，在发泡气体释放的发泡步骤中将形成吹塑气体的材料形成发泡产品。 对该发泡产品进行基本上使滑动材料不能流动并形成开孔中间体的处理，步骤a。 和b。 能够基本上同时进行，c。 从流体材料中除去剩余的材料和从中间体的任何其它材料以形成绿色泡沫体，以及d。 烧结绿色泡沫体以形成开孔无机烧结泡沫产品。

公开(公告)号：US5955620A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-21

申请号：US923553

申请日：1997-09-04

申请人： Hans Jochen Mercker ,  Frank-Friedrich Pape ,  Joachim Simon ,  Andreas Henne ,  Michael Hesse ,  Ulrich Kohler ,  Roman Dostalek ,  Cristina Freire Erdbrugger ,  Detlef Kratz

发明人： Hans Jochen Mercker ,  Frank-Friedrich Pape ,  Joachim Simon ,  Andreas Henne ,  Michael Hesse ,  Ulrich Kohler ,  Roman Dostalek ,  Cristina Freire Erdbrugger ,  Detlef Kratz

IPC分类号： C07D307/33 ,  B01J23/72 ,  B01J23/78 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07D315/00 ,  C07D307/32

CPC分类号： C07D315/00 ,  B01J23/78 ,  B01J23/72 ,  B01J35/0053 ,  B01J35/0066

摘要： A process for dehydrogenating 1,4-butanediol to .gamma.-butyrolactone in the gas phase in the presence of a copper-containing catalyst, wherein the catalyst contains 4-40% by weight of copper and 0-5% by weight of Na.sub.2 O, based on the total weight of the catalyst, on a carrier consisting of 80-100% by weight of SiO.sub.2 and 0-20% by weight of CaO.

摘要翻译： 在含铜催化剂存在下，在气相中将1,4-丁二醇脱氢为γ-丁内酯的方法，其中催化剂含有4-40重量％的铜和0-5重量％的Na 2 O，基于 在由80-100重量％的SiO 2和0-20重量％的CaO组成的载体上的催化剂的总重量。

公开(公告)号：US5847131A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-08

申请号：US876329

申请日：1997-06-16

申请人： Joachim Simon ,  Roman Dostalek ,  Heinz Lingk ,  Rainer Becker ,  Andreas Henne ,  Rolf Lebkucher ,  Cristina Freire Erdbrugger ,  Michael Hesse ,  Detlef Kratz

发明人： Joachim Simon ,  Roman Dostalek ,  Heinz Lingk ,  Rainer Becker ,  Andreas Henne ,  Rolf Lebkucher ,  Cristina Freire Erdbrugger ,  Michael Hesse ,  Detlef Kratz

IPC分类号： C07D295/02 ,  B01J23/72 ,  B01J37/02 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07D295/03 ,  C07D295/023

CPC分类号： C07D295/03 ,  B01J23/72 ,  B01J37/0203

摘要： N-Substituted cyclic amines are prepared by reacting diols with primary amines over a copper-containing catalyst which is obtainable by impregnation of an inert support with an aqueous solution of an ammine complex of a readily thermally decomposable copper compound and subsequent drying and calcination and contains from 5 to 50% by weight of copper, calculated as CuO.

摘要翻译： N-取代的环胺通过二元醇与伯胺在含铜催化剂上反应制备，所述催化剂可通过用容易热分解的铜化合物的氨络合物的水溶液浸渍惰性载体而得到，随后进行干燥和煅烧， 5至50重量％的铜，以CuO计。