公开(公告)号：US5363854A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-15

申请号：US745023

申请日：1991-08-14

Applicant: Gerhard Martens ,  Erhard P. H. Gunzel

Inventor： Gerhard Martens ,  Erhard P. H. Gunzel

IPC: A61B10/00 ,  A61B5/103 ,  A61B6/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/444 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/7207

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting anomalies of the skin, more particularly melanomae, includes a light source for illuminating a two-dimensionally extending examination region of the skin, successively, with ultraviolet light range and with visible light. A camera records a fluorescence picture of the examination region having signal values F(x,y) at its picture points x,y in response to the illumination with ultraviolet light and a reference picture having signal values R(x,y) at its picture points x,y in response to the illumination with visible light. A memory stores the signal values of at least one of the fluorescence picture and said reference picture, and a processor responsive to the memory produces an output picture having respective signal values A(x,y) at its picture points x,y which are formed from respective quotients F(x,y)/R(x,y) of the signal values of the fluorescence and reference pictures at the same picture points. Various filters are provided positioned or positionable between the light source and the examination region or in front of the camera.

Abstract translation: 用于检测皮肤异常的装置，特别是黑素瘤，包括依次用紫外光范围和可见光照射皮肤的二维延伸的检查区域的光源。 摄像机响应于紫外线的照明和在其图像处具有信号值R（x，y）的参考图像，记录在其图像点x，y处具有信号值F（x，y）的检查区域的荧光图像 响应于具有可见光的照明的点x，y。 存储器存储荧光图像和所述参考图像中的至少一个的信号值，并且响应于存储器的处理器产生在其形成的图像点x，y处具有各自的信号值A（x，y）的输出图像 来自相同图像点的荧光和参考图像的信号值的相应商F（x，y）/ R（x，y）。 提供了各种过滤器，其定位或定位在光源和检查区域之间或相机前方。

公开(公告)号：US4850698A

公开(公告)日：1989-07-25

申请号：US20066

申请日：1987-02-27

Applicant: Jurgen Kordts ,  Gerhard Martens

Inventor： Jurgen Kordts ,  Gerhard Martens

IPC: G08C23/04 ,  G01D5/26 ,  H04B10/50

CPC classification number: G01D5/268 ,  H04B10/502

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of taking measurements along an optical transmission path by means of an optical sensor. The optical sensor includes an optical converter whose optical attenuation properties can be influenced according to the value to be measured and through which a first beam portion of a high-frequency amplitude-modulated optical transmission beam is passed. A second beam portion of this transmission beam is conveyed via a delay element. The second beam portion is applied together with the first beam portion outputted by the optical converter, via the transmission path as a receive beam to the receiver arrangement. In this way the modulation change produced by the sensor is processed and evaluated as an information about the measure value. Measuring a value at the transmitter end is possible with any optical transmission path of an undefined length, without recalibration of the receiver arrangement, because the optical transmitter beam is additionally subjected to low-frequency modulation. An original modulation factor m.sub.o of the transmission beam is preset as the ratio of the high-frequency (I.sub.HF) to the low-frequency (I.sub.NF) modulation amplitude and is fed the receiver arrangement 3. The received sensor-influenced modulation factor of the receive beam is measured by the receive arrangement 3. The received-to-original modulation signal ratio is evaluated as information about the measuring value (M).

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种通过光学传感器沿光传输路径进行测量的方法。 光学传感器包括光学衰减特性可以根据要测量的值影响并通过高频调幅光传输束的第一光束部分的光转换器。 该传输光束的第二光束部分经由延迟元件传送。 第二光束部分与由光转换器输出的第一光束部分一起作为接收光束经由传输路径被施加到接收器装置。 以这种方式，由传感器产生的调制变化被处理和评估为关于测量值的信息。 由于光发送器光束另外经受低频调制，所以可以在任何未定义长度的光传输路径测量发射机端的值，而不重新校准接收器装置。 发送波束的原始调制因子mo被预设为高频（IHF）与低频（INF）调制幅度的比率，并且被馈送给接收器装置3.接收的受传感器影响的调制因子 光束由接收装置3测量。接收到原始调制信号比被评估为关于测量值（M）的信息。

公开(公告)号：US09767550B2

公开(公告)日：2017-09-19

申请号：US13989507

申请日：2011-12-05

Applicant: Ingwer-Curt Carlsen ,  Thomas Koehler ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Ewald Rossl ,  Rafael Wiemker

Inventor： Ingwer-Curt Carlsen ,  Thomas Koehler ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Ewald Rossl ,  Rafael Wiemker

IPC: G06K9/00 ,  G06T7/00 ,  G01N23/04

CPC classification number: G06T7/0012 ,  G01N23/046 ,  G01N2223/419

Abstract: A method and a device for analyzing a region of interest in an object is proposed. The method comprises: (a) providing measurement data by a differential phase contrast X-ray imaging system, and (b) analyzing characteristics of the object in the region of interest. Therein, the measurement data comprise a 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional set of pixels wherein for each pixel the measurement data comprises three types of image data spatially aligned with each other, including (i) absorption representing image data A, (ii) differential phase contrast representing image data D, and (iii) coherence representing image data C. The analyzing step is based, for each pixel, on a combination of at least two of information comprised in the absorption representing image data A and information comprised in the differential phase contrast representing image data D and information comprised in the coherence representing image data C.

公开(公告)号：US09269471B2

公开(公告)日：2016-02-23

申请号：US13260380

申请日：2010-03-15

Applicant: Ewald Roessl ,  Thomas Koehler ,  Gerhard Martens

Inventor： Ewald Roessl ,  Thomas Koehler ,  Gerhard Martens

IPC: A61B6/03 ,  G21K7/00 ,  A61B6/00

CPC classification number: G21K7/00 ,  A61B6/4291 ,  A61B6/484 ,  A61B6/502

Abstract: An X-ray differential phase-contrast imaging system has three circular gratings. The circular gratings are aligned with the optical axis of the radiation beam and a phase stepping is performed along the optical axis with the focal spot, the phase grating and/or the absorber grating. The signal measured is the phase-gradient in radial direction away from the optical axis.

Abstract translation: X射线差分相位成像系统具有三个圆形光栅。 圆形光栅与辐射束的光轴对准，并且沿着光轴与焦斑，相位光栅和/或吸收光栅一起执行相位步进。 测量的信号是远离光轴的径向相位梯度。

公开(公告)号：US5297555A

公开(公告)日：1994-03-29

申请号：US803313

申请日：1991-12-02

Applicant: Gerhard Martens

Inventor： Gerhard Martens

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/103 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/40 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N21/27 ,  A61B6/08 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/46

CPC classification number: A61B5/444 ,  A61B5/0064 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J2003/2813 ,  G01N21/4738

Abstract: The invention relates to a multichannel spectrometer (10), in particular for examining moles (16) having an evaluating and display device (14) and optical means (18, 19, 21, 23, 22) to determine and display reflectance spectra of a skin surface on an ascertainable image plane (x,y) while considering white standards (17). In such a spectrometer for the examination of inter alia malignant moles (16), a contactless optical point-by-point scanning of the skin surface is desirable, which is why the optics of the spectrometer (10) comprise a lens system (18, 21, 22) directed on the skin surface and the white standard (17) and a slotted diaphragm (19) succeeded by a diffraction grating (23) directed in accordance with a slot (20) of the slotted diaphragm (19) for the simultaneous production of the reflectance spectrum of the points of a determinable line (25) of the skin surface and of the white standard (17) on the image plane (x,y) connected to the subsequent diffraction grating (23) with the evaluating and display device (14).

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种多通道光谱仪（10），特别是用于检查具有评估和显示装置（14）和光学装置（18,19,21,23,22）的摩尔（16），以确定和显示反射光谱 同时考虑白色标准（17），可确定的图像平面上的皮肤表面（x，y）。 在这种用于特别检测恶性痣（16）的光谱仪中，期望皮肤表面的非接触式光学点对点扫描，这就是为什么光谱仪（10）的光学元件包括透镜系统（18， 21和22），其指向皮肤表面和白色标准（17）以及开槽的隔膜（19），其后面是根据带槽隔膜（19）的狭槽（20）指向的衍射光栅（23），用于同时 通过评估和显示产生与后续衍射光栅（23）连接的图像平面（x，y）上的皮肤表面的可确定线（25）和白色标准（17）的点的反射光谱 装置（14）。

公开(公告)号：US5237494A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-17

申请号：US757255

申请日：1991-09-10

Applicant: Uwe Baader ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Karl-Ludwig Rafflenbeul

Inventor： Uwe Baader ,  Gerhard Martens ,  Karl-Ludwig Rafflenbeul

IPC: H02M5/44 ,  H02P5/74

CPC classification number: H02P5/74 ,  H02M5/44

Abstract: An apparatus for driving a plurality of motors at different variable speeds. The apparatus includes a rectifier for supplying direct current power to a dc bus circuit. A plurality of inverters are connected to the dc bus circuit and each inverter drives a respective motor. Each inverter is controlled by an individual controller connected thereto for controlling the frequency of the output of the inverter to thereby control the speed of the associated motor. The inverters are preferably mounted on a common heat sink to reduce electrical and mechanical complexity. The apparatus permits the rectifier and the dc bus circuit to be sized to handle a maximum rating of less than the sum total of maximum loads of each of the motors. The dc bus circuit also serves to distribute energy generated by a slowing motor, for example, to other motors driven from the bus circuit. A chopper resistor may be included and switched across the dc bus circuit to provide braking to the motors.

Abstract translation: 一种用于以不同变速驱动多个电动机的装置。 该装置包括用于向dc总线电路提供直流电力的整流器。 多个逆变器连接到直流总线电路，每个逆变器驱动相应的电动机。 每个逆变器由与其连接的单独控制器控制，以控制逆变器的输出频率，从而控制相关电动机的速度。 逆变器优选地安装在公共散热器上以降低电气和机械复杂性。 该装置允许整流器和直流总线电路的尺寸被设计成处理小于每个电机的最大负载总和的最大额定值。 直流总线电路还用于将由减速电动机产生的能量分配给例如从总线电路驱动的其它电动机。 可以包括斩波电阻并在直流总线电路上切换以提供对电动机的制动。

公开(公告)号：US5038029A

公开(公告)日：1991-08-06

申请号：US398040

申请日：1989-08-24

Applicant: Gerhard Martens ,  Jurgen Kordts

Inventor： Gerhard Martens ,  Jurgen Kordts

IPC: G01D5/26 ,  G01D5/34 ,  G01D21/00 ,  G01R15/24 ,  G01R33/032

CPC classification number: G01D5/344

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical sensor arrangement having a light emitting arrangement (2), which feeds a first emission light beam into a first emission optical waveguide (3) and a second emission light beam into a second emission optical waveguide, having a polarizer (5), which is coupled with the two emission optical waveguides and generates from the first and second emission light beam a respective linearly polarized light beam, and having an optical sensor (1), which alters the state of polarization of a supplied polarized light beam as a function of a physical quantity acting on the sensor and which supplies a sensor light beam formed from a polarized light beam. Behind the optical sensor (1) there is disposed an analyzer (7), which separates each sensor light beam into two linearly polarized reception light beams, one of which is fed to a light receiving arrangement (12) via a first reception optical waveguide (9) and the other via a second reception optical waveguide (11). From the reception light beams, the light receiving arrangement forms electrical signals, from which an evaluation circuit ( 13) determines the physical quantity.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及具有发光装置（2）的光学传感器装置，其将第一发射光束馈送到第一发射光波导（3）中，并将第二发射光束馈送到具有偏振器的第二发射光波导 5），其与两个发射光波导耦合，并且从第一和第二发射光束产生相应的线偏振光束，并且具有光学传感器（1），其改变所提供的偏振光束的偏振状态 作为作用在传感器上并且提供由偏振光束形成的传感器光束的物理量的函数。 在光学传感器（1）的后面设置有分析器（7），其将每个传感器光束分成两个线性偏振的接收光束，其中一个经由第一接收光波导（12）馈送到光接收装置（12） 9），另一个通过第二接收光波导（11）。 从接收光束，光接收装置形成电信号，评估电路（13）从该电信号确定物理量。

公开(公告)号：US4866436A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-12

申请号：US132381

申请日：1987-12-15

Applicant: Jurgen Kordts ,  Joachim W. P. Gensel ,  Gerhard Martens

Inventor： Jurgen Kordts ,  Joachim W. P. Gensel ,  Gerhard Martens

IPC: G08C19/16 ,  G08C19/22 ,  G08C19/26 ,  G08C23/04 ,  G08C23/06

CPC classification number: G08C19/22 ,  G08C19/26 ,  G08C23/06

Abstract: During the transmission of measurement values of a sensor from a transmitter circuit to a receiver circuit, for example via an optical fibre, use has been made of a device which must be activated by the receiver circuit before a measurement value can be transmitted. This is done in order to achieve potential freedom. The novel device for transmitting the sensor measurement values aims to operate faster and independently of the receiver circuit. The sensor (1) is activated by control pulses generated by a pulse generator circuit (3) and applies to the pulse generator circuit, during the occurrence of a control pulse, a measurement pulse which is dependent on the measurement value circuit. The repetition frequency and/or the width of the control pulse then depends on the amplitude value of the measurement pulses.

Abstract translation: 在将传感器的测量值从发射机电路传输到接收机电路期间，例如通过光纤传输，已经使用了在传输测量值之前必须由接收机电路激活的设备。 这是为了实现潜在的自由。 用于传输传感器测量值的新型装置旨在更快地并且独立于接收器电路进行操作。 传感器（1）由脉冲发生器电路（3）产生的控制脉冲激活，并且在出现控制脉冲期间向脉冲发生器电路施加取决于测量值电路的测量脉冲。 然后，控制脉冲的重复频率和/或宽度取决于测量脉冲的振幅值。

公开(公告)号：US4749854A

公开(公告)日：1988-06-07

申请号：US22165

申请日：1987-03-05

Applicant: Gerhard Martens

Inventor： Gerhard Martens

IPC: G01L1/24 ,  G01D5/34 ,  G02F1/01 ,  H01J40/14

CPC classification number: G01D5/344

Abstract: Apparatus for measurement of the stress birefringence of an optical sensor that is influenced by a quantity to be measured. An optical emitting device sends light of two adjacent wavelengths .lambda..sub.1 and .lambda..sub.2 through an emitting light guide and via a polariser and a retarder plate to the sensor. An analyser conducts mutually parallel polarization components of the light emerging from the sensor on a common path to a receiving and evaluating device which derives from the measured-value-dependent intensities of such polarization components information concerning the magnitude of the quantity to be measured. The thickness of the retarder plate is dimensioned to provide a path length w of the light through the retarder plate such that the two light components .lambda..sub.1 and .lambda..sub.2 that leave the analyzer are influenced in mutually opposite senses by the measured quantity via the sensor, so that they do not need to be separated by optical filters and combined again by a coupler.

Abstract translation: 用于测量受测量量影响的光学传感器的应力双折射的装置。 光发射装置通过发射光导将两个相邻波长λ1和λ2的光发射到传感器，并通过偏振器和延迟板。 分析仪将从传感器出射的光的相互平行的偏振分量导向到接收和评估装置的共同路径上，该接收和评估装置从这种偏振分量的测量值依赖强度导出关于待测量量的信息的信息。 减速板的厚度的尺寸设定为提供通过延迟板的光的路径长度w，使得离开分析器的两个光分量λ1和λ2在相互相反的感觉下受到经由传感器的测量量的影响， 使得它们不需要被滤光器分离并再次由耦合器组合。

公开(公告)号：US4720702A

公开(公告)日：1988-01-19

申请号：US881124

申请日：1986-07-02

Applicant: Gerhard Martens

Inventor： Gerhard Martens

IPC: B65H63/00 ,  D02G1/02 ,  G01N33/36 ,  G08B21/00

CPC classification number: G01N33/365 ,  B65H63/00 ,  D02G1/0266 ,  B65H2701/31

Abstract: The yarn tension at each of a plurality of yarn processing stations is continuously monitored, while continuously determining the mean value of the monitored tension at each station, and while also continuously determining the differential between the monitored value and the mean value. Also, an alarm signal is generated whenever the mean value leaves a predetermined tolerance range, and whenever the differential value leaves a second predetermined tolerance range. An alarm signal may serve to actuate a visual error indicator, or to shut down the associated processing station.

Abstract translation: 连续地监测多个纱线处理站中的每一个处的纱线张力，同时连续地确定每个站处的监测张力的平均值，并且同时还连续地确定监测值和平均值之间的差。 此外，每当平均值离开预定的公差范围，并且每当差分值离开第二预定公差范围时，就产生报警信号。 警报信号可以用于致动视觉错误指示器，或关闭相关联的处理站。