摘要:
A delayed coking process for making substantially free-flowing coke, preferably shot coke. A coker feedstock, such as a vacuum residuum, is heated in a heating zone to coking temperatures then conducted to a coking zone wherein volatiles are collected overhead and coke is formed. A metals-containing additive is added to the feedstock prior to it being heated in the heating zone, prior to its being conducted to the coking zone, or both.
摘要:
Promoter amines are used to enhance CO2 uptake by sterically hindered or tertiary amines. The promoter amines can be cyclic amines, including aromatic cyclic amines or bridged cyclic amines. The combination of a promoter amine plus a sterically hindered or tertiary amines allows for improved uptake kinetics while reducing or minimizing the amount of formation of carbamate salts. The promoted sterically hindered or tertiary amines can be used as part of a CO2 capture and release system that involves a phase transition from a solution of amine-CO2 products to a slurry of amine-CO2 precipitate solids.
摘要:
A liquid aminoether acid gas absorbent which is subject to freezing in a cold climatic zone though which the aminoether is to be shipped is rendered freeze-resistant by mixing the aminoether with water prior to transport through the cold climatic zone; the aminoether/water mixture typically contains 10 to 40 weight percent water, based on the weight of the aminoether. The aminoether/water mixture can also be stored in the cold climatic zone without being externally maintained at a temperature above the inherent freezing point of the aminoether.
摘要:
Ionic liquids are capable of acting as solvents for amine CO2 absorbent compounds in CO2 separation processes and when so used enhance the sorption of the CO2 by the amine. A cyclic sorption process for separating CO2 from a gas stream, such as flue gas or natural gas, brings the gas stream into contact with an absorbent solution of an amine CO2 sorbent in an ionic liquid solvent followed by desorbing the CO2 to regenerate the amine.
摘要:
Aminoethers are used as corrosion inhibitors in boiler systems in which a working fluid comprising water with an aminoether corrosion inhibitor is circulated from a heater to a utilization site at which the working fluid gives up energy and decreases in temperature. A preferred class of aminoethers are the alkoxytriethyleneglycol-tert-alkylamines such as methoxy triethyleneglycol-tert-butylamine
摘要:
Ionic liquids are capable of acting as solvents for amine CO2 absorbent compounds in CO2 separation processes and when so used enhance the sorption of the CO2 by the amine. A cyclic sorption process for separating CO2 from a gas stream, such as flue gas or natural gas, brings the gas stream into contact with an absorbent solution of an amine CO2 sorbent in an ionic liquid solvent followed by desorbing the CO2 to regenerate the amine.
摘要:
Severely sterically hindered secondary aminoether alcohols are prepared by a process comprising reacting a ketene with sulfuric acid to produce an anhydride which is then reacted with, to cleave the ring of, a dioxane to yield a cleavage product which is then aminated using an amine, followed by hydrolysis with a base to yield the desired severely sterically hindered secondary aminoether alcohol.
摘要:
A method of predicting the composition of hydrocarbon products of a complex carbonaceous material when exposed to specific time and temperature conditions is disclosed. In one embodiment, the material is characterized to obtain elemental, chemical and structural parameters. A representative chemical structure of the material is constructed based on the characterization information. The representative chemical structure is then stochastically expanded to a molecular ensemble chemical structural model that includes heteroatoms. The chemical structural model is coupled to a compositional yield model and the composition of the material products is determined using kinetic modeling. Methods are provided of constructing a chemical structural model of complex carbonaceous material, of coupling a molecular ensemble of chemical structures to a thermal chemical mechanism, of updating an ensemble of chemical structures during the kinetic modeling to reflect chemical reaction products and of eliminating molecules from the system.
摘要:
Severely sterically hindered secondary aminoether alcohols are prepared by a process comprising reacting a ketene with sulfuric acid to produce an anhydride which is then reacted with, to cleave the ring of, a dioxane to yield a cleavage product which is then aminated using an amine, followed by hydrolysis with a base to yield the desired severely sterically hindered secondary aminoether alcohol.
摘要:
The invention relates to a thermal conversion process for continuously producing hydrocarbon vapor and continuously removing a free-flowing coke. The coke, such as a shot coke, can be withdrawn continuously via, e.g., a staged lock hopper system.