摘要:
An outer ring of a clamp-type joint for vacuum apparatus is disclosed. The joint includes a base forming an outer circumferential side and a pair of brims respectively extending from the top and bottom of the base toward the center axis of the joint, the inner side of the brims on which the brims come into contact with the O-ring being in the form of a convex sector, of which the arc faces the O-ring. The radius r of the circle forming the sector is 0.6-2.5 mm and the thickness (t0) satisfies the following formula: t1−0.2≦t0≦t1+0.4. In the formula, t1 is a thickness (mm) of the center ring at the point at which the center ring engages with the O-ring. The clamp-type joint can exhibit stable sealing performance at a high temperature of 250° C. or more without cracking of the O-ring.
摘要:
In order to prevent reduction in performance due to variations in illuminance of external light, a liquid crystal display unit includes: a pixel section including pixels arranged at each of intersections where a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of signal lines intersect, and optical sensor circuits provided to at least part of the pixels; an imaging section which generates a multi-gradation image based on detection results of the optical sensor circuits; and a gradient value calculation section which calculates a gradient value which is a ratio of a variation in a gradation tendency value of the multi-gradation image to a variation in sensitivity of the optical sensor circuits.
摘要:
A motor driving apparatus includes a virtual difference voltage detecting unit operable to detect a difference voltage between a virtual neutral point of a resistor circuit connected in parallel to motor coils and a terminal of a motor coil in non-conduction state, a rotor position detecting unit operable to detect a position of the rotor based on the difference voltage, and a controller operable to control commutation of an inverter based on the rotor position. The motor driving apparatus has a searching start mode for detecting the rotor position and energizes the coils, and a back electromotive voltage feedback mode for controlling commutation based on the back electromotive voltage. In the searching start mode, a rotor position searching process and a rotation start torque applying process are alternately performed.
摘要:
A reverse current detection unit detects the direction of the motor current during the synchronous rectifier period based on the polarity of the on voltage of a switching device contained in the motor current path, and outputs a reverse current detection signal representing the result of this detection to the PWM control unit. Change in the output of the PWM control unit that generates the drive signal for a particular switching device in the drive unit is controlled based on the reverse current detection signal and the energizing pattern of the drive unit is changed when motor current is detected in the synchronous rectifier period to be flowing in the opposite direction as in the urging period. The flow of motor current to the power supply is thus reduced and a rise in the power supply voltage can be prevented.
摘要:
In a back electromotive force phase detecting device, a timing generating unit generates a timing signal indicating a start timing, an intermediate timing and an end timing of a 180-degree electrical angle period in a detection target phase, from an excitation pulse signal. A difference calculating unit receives the timing signal, and calculates a difference between a total PWM control period of the detection target phase during a first-half 90-degree period, and a total PWM control period of the detection target phase during a second-half 90-degree period. In an excitation control device, a control unit changes the capability of driving a motor based on an output of the back electromotive force phase detecting device.
摘要:
To reduce noise by limiting a current peak value to a predetermined value or less and by smoothing the waveforms of drive currents during the current limitation, switching control means (30) according to the present invention turns ON all of one-side drive transistors selected from the high-side drive transistors (21, 22 and 23) and the low-side drive transistors (25, 26 and 27) of power supply means (20) for a predetermined period, and turns OFF all of the other-side drive transistors for a predetermined period in response to a current control signal for the current peak value to a predetermined value or less.
摘要:
A motor driving apparatus includes a virtual difference voltage detecting unit operable to detect a difference voltage between a virtual neutral point of a resistor circuit connected in parallel to motor coils and a terminal of a motor coil in non-conduction state, a rotor position detecting unit operable to detect a position of the rotor based on the difference voltage, and a controller operable to control commutation of an inverter based on the rotor position. The motor driving apparatus has a searching start mode for detecting the rotor position and energizes the coils, and a back electromotive voltage feedback mode for controlling commutation based on the back electromotive voltage. In the searching start mode, a rotor position searching process and a rotation start torque applying process are alternately performed.
摘要:
An O-ring 3 used in a clamp-type joint 10 for vacuum apparatus, which engages with a concave groove 21 in the outer circumference edge of the center ring 2 and is sandwiched by an outer ring 5 having a U-shaped outer circumference, characterized in that the diameter of the circular arc in the cross-section on the side coming into contact with the outer ring 5 is smaller than the diameter of the circular arc in the cross-section on the axial side of the joint. A clamp-type joint for vacuum apparatus which can exhibit stable sealing performance at a high temperature of 200° C. or more without cracking of the O-ring, as well as an outer ring and O-ring used with the clamp-type joint are provided.
摘要:
A motor driving apparatus includes a position detector for detecting a rotational position of a motor to output the detection result as a position signal, a frequency comparator for comparing frequencies of continuous periods in the position signal and detecting a reversed state in which the frequency of the signal in the later period is higher than the frequency of the signal in the earlier period, a brake change over unit for selecting a reverse torque brake control which applies reverse torque to the rotor for braking or a short brake control which shorts coils of the motor for braking and instructing the brake control. The brake change over unit changes over the brake control from the reverse torque brake control to the short brake control, when a command signal for applying a reverse torque is output and the frequency comparator detects the reversed state.
摘要:
A motor drive apparatus and motor drive method reduce vibration and acoustic noise by not requiring a non-activation period for rotor position detection, and enable stable, high efficiency motor drive. A control voltage generator generates a control voltage based on the frequency of the speed signal FG output from a speed detection unit, and the amplitude of the control voltage is controlled based on a torque control signal EC. The phase difference generator detects the phase difference between the control voltage and the zero cross signal of the motor current detected from the motor terminal voltages. A control voltage generator controls the phase of the control voltage so that the phase difference goes to zero, thus accomplishing sensor-less motor drive.