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    Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquinoxanes and polyhedral oligomeric silicates bearing surfactant functionalities
    22.
    发明授权
    Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquinoxanes and polyhedral oligomeric silicates bearing surfactant functionalities 失效
    具有表面活性剂功能的多面体低聚硅氧烷喹啉和多面体低聚硅酸盐

    公开(公告)号：US07265194B1

    公开(公告)日：2007-09-04

    申请号：US10968370

    申请日：2004-10-18

    申请人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan ,  Joseph J. Schwab

    发明人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan ,  Joseph J. Schwab

    IPC分类号： C08G77/38

    CPC分类号： C08G77/04 ,  C08G77/382

    摘要： This invention teaches the preparation and compositions of POSS nanostructured chemicals bearing a variety of onium-type surfactants. The surfactants serve as low-cost compatibilizing groups for polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and polyhedral oligomeric silicate nanostructures with man-made polymer and biological systems. Variations of the surfactants also provide reactivity for the nanostructured chemicals with man-made and biological materials. The surfactant bearing nanostructured chemicals are useful as alloying agents is for controlling the structure and bulk physical properties of materials from the nanoscopic length scale. Alternately, the surfactants can be eliminated from the nanostructures to render the formation of nanoscopically dispersed silica particles.

    摘要翻译： 本发明教导了具有各种鎓型表面活性剂的POSS纳米结构化学品的制备和组成。 表面活性剂作为多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷和具有人造聚合物和生物体系的多面体低聚硅酸盐纳米结构的低成本相容性基团。 表面活性剂的变化也为人造和生物材料的纳米结构化学品提供反应性。 具有表面活性剂的纳米结构化学品可用作合金化剂用于从纳米尺度尺度控制材料的结构和体积物理性质。 或者，可以从纳米结构中去除表面活性剂以形成纳米尺度分散的二氧化硅颗粒。

    Nanostructured chemicals as alloying agents in fluorinated polymers
    23.
    发明授权
    Nanostructured chemicals as alloying agents in fluorinated polymers 有权
    纳米结构化学品作为氟化聚合物中的合金剂

    公开(公告)号：US07193015B1

    公开(公告)日：2007-03-20

    申请号：US10815544

    申请日：2004-03-31

    申请人： Joseph M. Mabry ,  Rene I. Gonzalez ,  Rusty L. Blanski ,  Patrick N. Ruth ,  Brent D. Viers ,  Joseph J. Schwab ,  Joseph D. Lichtenhan

    发明人： Joseph M. Mabry ,  Rene I. Gonzalez ,  Rusty L. Blanski ,  Patrick N. Ruth ,  Brent D. Viers ,  Joseph J. Schwab ,  Joseph D. Lichtenhan

    IPC分类号： C08F8/00

    CPC分类号： C08K5/549 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C08G77/045 ,  C08K2201/011 ,  C08L27/12 ,  C08L27/16 ,  C08L83/06

    摘要： A method of using nanostructured chemicals as alloying agents for the reinforcement of flouropolymer microstructures, including polymer coils, domains, chains, and segments, at the molecular level. Because of their tailorable compatibility with fluorinated polymers, nanostructured chemicals can be readily and selectively incorporated into polymers by direct blending processes. Properties most favorably improved are time dependent mechanical and thermal properties such as heat distortion, creep, compression set, shrinkage, modulus, hardness and abrasion resistance. In addition to mechanical properties, other physical properties are favorably improved, including lower thermal conductivity, fire resistance, and improved oxygen permeability. These improved properties may be useful in a number of applications, including space-survivable materials and creep resistant seals and gaskets. Improved surface properties may be useful for applications such as anti-icing or non-wetting surfaces or as low friction surfaces.

    摘要翻译： 一种使用纳米结构化学药品作为合成剂的方法，用于在分子水平上加强含氟聚合物微观结构，包括聚合物线圈，结构域，链和链段。 由于其与氟化聚合物的可定制的相容性，纳米结构化学物质​​可以通过直接共混方法容易且选择性地引入到聚合物中。 最有利地改善的性能是时间相关的机械和热性能，如热变形，蠕变，压缩永久变形，收缩率，模量，硬度和耐磨性。 除了机械性能之外，其他物理性能得到有利改善，包括较低的导热性，耐火性和改善的氧气渗透性。 这些改进的性能可用于许多应用，包括空间存活材料和抗蠕变密封件和垫圈。 改进的表面性质可用于诸如防冰或不润湿表面或作为低摩擦表面的应用。

    Reactive grafting and compatibilization of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes
    24.
    发明授权
    Reactive grafting and compatibilization of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes 失效
    多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷的反应性接枝和增容

    公开(公告)号：US06933345B1

    公开(公告)日：2005-08-23

    申请号：US10351292

    申请日：2003-01-23

    申请人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan ,  Frank J. Feher ,  Joseph J. Schwab ,  Sixun Zheng

    发明人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan ,  Frank J. Feher ,  Joseph J. Schwab ,  Sixun Zheng

    IPC分类号： C08F8/00 ,  C08K5/5419 ,  C08K7/00 ,  C08L83/00

    CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  C08K5/5419 ,  C08K7/00 ,  C08K2201/011 ,  C08L2205/14 ,  C08L23/10

    摘要： The nanoscopic dimensions of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) and polyhedral oligomeric silicates (POS) materials ranges from 0.7 nm to 5.0 nm and enables the thermomechanical and physical properties of polymeric materials to be improved by providing nanoscopic reinforcement of polymer chains at a length scale that is not possible by physically smaller aromatic chemical systems or larger fillers and fibers. A simple and cost effective method for incorporating POSS/POS nanoreinforcements onto polymers via the reactive grafting of suitably functionalized POSS/POS entities with polymeric systems amenable to such processes is described. The method teaches that the resulting POSS-grafted-polymers are particularly well suited for alloying agents by nongrafted POSS entitles such as molecular silicas. The successful alloying of POSS-polymers is aided because their interfacial tensions are reduced relative to non-POSS containing systems.

    摘要翻译： 多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷（POSS）和多面体低聚硅酸盐（POS）材料的纳米尺寸范围为0.7nm至5.0nm，并且通过以长度尺度提供聚合物链的纳米级增强，可以改善聚合物材料的热机械和物理性能， 通过物理上较小的芳族化学体系或较大的填料和纤维是不可能的。 描述了通过适当功能化的POSS / POS实体与适合于这种方法的聚合物体系的反应性接枝将POSS / POS纳米增强剂结合到聚合物上的简单且成本有效的方法。 该方法教导得到的POSS接枝聚合物特别适用于通过非接枝POSS权利如分子二氧化硅的合金化剂。 有助于POSS聚合物的成功合金化，因为它们的界面张力相对于不含POSS的体系而降低。

    Polyhedral oligomeric -silsesquioxanes, -silicates and -siloxanes bearing ring-strained olefinic functionalities
    25.
    发明授权
    Polyhedral oligomeric -silsesquioxanes, -silicates and -siloxanes bearing ring-strained olefinic functionalities 有权

    公开(公告)号：US06911518B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-06-28

    申请号：US09747762

    申请日：2000-12-21

    申请人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan ,  Joseph J. Schwab ,  Yi-Zong An ,  William Reinerth ,  Frank J. Feher

    发明人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan ,  Joseph J. Schwab ,  Yi-Zong An ,  William Reinerth ,  Frank J. Feher

    IPC分类号： C07F7/08 ,  C07F7/18 ,  C07F7/21 ,  C07F11/00 ,  C08G77/20 ,  C08G77/08

    CPC分类号： C08G77/20 ,  C07F7/0829 ,  C07F7/0874 ,  C07F7/0879 ,  C07F7/1876 ,  C07F7/188 ,  C07F7/21 ,  C07F11/005

    摘要： Processes have been developed for the manufacture of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), polysilsesquioxanes, polyhedral oligomeric silicates (POS), and siloxane molecules bearing reactive ring-strained cyclic olefins (e.g. norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, etc. functionalities). The preferred manufacturing processes employ the silation of siloxides (Si—OA, where A=H, alkaline or alkaline earth metals) with silane reagents that contain at least one reactive ring-strained cyclic olefin functionality [e.g., X3-ySi(CH3)y(CH2)2 where y=1-2 and X=OH, Cl, Br, I, alkoxide OR, acetate OOCR, peroxide OOR, amine NR2, isocyanate NCO, and R]. Alternatively, similar products can be prepared through hydrosilation reactions between silanes containing at least one silicon-hydrogen bond (Si—H) with ring-strained cyclic olefin reagents [e.g., 5-vinyl, 2 norbornene CH2═CH, cyclopentadiene]. The two processes can be effectively practiced using polymeric silsesquioxanes [RSiO1.5]∞ where ∞=1-1,000,000 or higher and which contain unreacted silanol or silane groups at chain terminus or branch points, on POSS nanostructures of formulas [(RSiO1.5)n]Σ#, homoleptic, [(RSiO1.5)m(R′SiO1.5)n]Σ#, heteroleptic, and {(RSiO1.5)m(RXSiO1.0)n}Σ#, functionalized heteroleptic nanostructures, on silanes RSiX3, linear, cyclic, oligomeric and polymeric siloxanes (polymeric formula RX2Si—(OSiRX)m—OSiRX2 where m=0-1000, X=OH, Cl, Br, I, alkoxide OR, acetate OOCR, peroxide OOR, amine NR2, isocyanate NCO, and R). Each of the processes result in new chemical species bearing one or more ring strained olefins that can undergo polymerization, grafting, or other desirable chemical reactions to form polymeric products. These polymeric systems are most desirably utilized in polymerizations for the modification of properties of thermoplastic or thermoset resin systems or for the preparation of polymers with utility in electronics, medical devices, sporting goods, and aerospace as coatings and structural components.

    Nanostructured chemicals as alloying agents in polymers
    26.
    发明授权
    Nanostructured chemicals as alloying agents in polymers 有权
    纳米结构化学品作为聚合物中的合金剂

    公开(公告)号：US06716919B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-04-06

    申请号：US09818265

    申请日：2001-03-26

    申请人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan ,  Joseph J. Schwab ,  Andre Lee ,  Shawn Phillips

    发明人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan ,  Joseph J. Schwab ,  Andre Lee ,  Shawn Phillips

    IPC分类号： C08F800

    CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  C08K5/5419 ,  C08K7/00 ,  C08K2201/011 ,  C08L2205/14 ,  C08L23/10

    摘要： A method of using nanostructured chemicals as alloying agents for the reinforcement of polymer microstructures, including polymer coils, domains, chains, and segments, at the molecular level. Because of their tailorable compatibility with polymers, nanostructured chemicals can be readily and selectively incorporated into polymers by direct blending processes. The incorporation of a nanostructured chemical into a polymer favorably impacts a multitude of polymer physical properties. Properties most favorably improved are time dependent mechanical and thermal properties such as heat distortion, creep, compression set, shrinkage, modulus, hardness and abrasion resistance. In addition to mechanical properties, other physical properties are favorably improved, including lower thermal conductivity, fire resistance, and improved oxygen permeability.

    摘要翻译： 使用纳米结构化学品作为合成剂的方法，用于在分子水平上增强聚合物微结构，包括聚合物线圈，结构域，链和链段。 由于其与聚合物的可兼容的相容性，纳米结构化学品可以通过直接共混方法容易且有选择地并入聚合物中。 将纳米结构化学物质​​掺入聚合物有利地影响了许多聚合物的物理性质。 最有利地改善的性能是时间相关的机械和热性能，如热变形，蠕变，压缩永久变形，收缩率，模量，硬度和耐磨性。 除了机械性能之外，其他物理性能得到有利改善，包括较低的导热性，耐火性和改善的氧气渗透性。

    Modifying POSS compounds
    28.
    发明授权
    Modifying POSS compounds 失效
    修饰POSS化合物

    公开(公告)号：US06660823B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-12-09

    申请号：US09709783

    申请日：2000-11-14

    申请人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan ,  Frank J. Feder ,  Daravong Soulivong

    发明人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan ,  Frank J. Feder ,  Daravong Soulivong

    IPC分类号： C08G7738

    CPC分类号： C07F7/21 ,  C07F7/0876 ,  C08G77/04 ,  C08G77/045 ,  C08G77/38

    摘要： Method is provided for controlling the stereo chemistry of functionalities or X groups to exo or endo positions on a polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) compound by adding certain reagents to said X groups to change one or more positions thereof to endo or exo. Also provided are the POSS species formed by the above inventive method. Method is also provided for inserting a ring substituent into a POSS compound. Also provided are the POSS species formed by such inventive method.

    摘要翻译： 提供了通过向所述X基团添加某些试剂以将其一个或多个位置改变为内切或外切来控制功能性或X基团在多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷（POSS）化合物上的内部或内部位置的立体化学性质的方法。 还提供了通过上述发明方法形成的POSS种类。 还提供了将环取代基插入POSS化合物的方法。 还提供了通过这种创造性方法形成的POSS物种。

    Functionalizing olefin bearing silsesquioxanes
    29.
    发明授权
    Functionalizing olefin bearing silsesquioxanes 失效
    官能化烯烃轴承倍半硅氧烷

    公开(公告)号：US6100417A

    公开(公告)日：2000-08-08

    申请号：US387682

    申请日：1999-08-31

    申请人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan ,  Frank J. Feher ,  Daravong Soulivong

    发明人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan ,  Frank J. Feher ,  Daravong Soulivong

    IPC分类号： C07F7/21 ,  C07F2/08

    CPC分类号： C07F7/21

    摘要： Method is provided for reacting silsesquioxane resins or polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) bearing one or more olefinic groups with strong acids to cleave one or more olefin bonds of the olefinic groups to form POSS species of monomers or polymers having one or more functionalities suitable for reaction with a wide range of polymeric systems, to thus form new POSS derived compounds. Also provided are the new compounds so formed.

    摘要翻译： 提供了将含有一个或多个烯属基团的倍半硅氧烷树脂或多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷（POSS）与强酸反应以切割烯烃基团的一个或多个烯烃键以形成具有一个或多个适合于反应的官能团的单体或聚合物的POSS种类的方法 具有广泛的聚合体系，从而形成新的POSS衍生化合物。 还提供了如此形成的新化合物。