Film thickness measuring device and film thickness measuring method
    21.
    发明授权
    Film thickness measuring device and film thickness measuring method 失效
    膜厚测量装置和膜厚测量方法

    公开(公告)号:US08339617B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-12-25

    申请号:US12904494

    申请日:2010-10-14

    IPC分类号: G01B11/28 G01N21/25

    CPC分类号: G01N21/55 G01B11/0625

    摘要: A film thickness measuring device is provided with a light source, a spectroscopic sensor, a processor, and a storage unit, and configured in such a manner that light from the light source vertically enters a plane to be measured provided with a film and the light reflected by the plane to be measured enters the spectroscopic sensor. The storage unit stores theoretical values of reflectivity distributions of respective film thicknesses and theoretical values of color characteristic variables of the respective film thicknesses. The processor finds the thickness of the film of the plane to be measured from the reflectivity distribution measured by the spectroscopic sensor by using the theoretical values of the reflectivity distributions of the respective film thicknesses or the theoretical values of the color characteristic variables of the respective film thicknesses stored in the storage unit.

    摘要翻译: 膜厚测量装置设置有光源,光谱传感器,处理器和存储单元,并且被配置为使得来自光源的光垂直进入设置有被膜的待测平面,并且光 由待测平面反射的光进入光谱传感器。 存储单元存储各个膜厚度的各个膜厚度的反射率分布和各个膜厚度的色彩特性变量的理论值的理论值。 处理器通过使用各个膜厚度的反射率分布的理论值或各个膜的颜色特性变量的理论值,从由光谱传感器测量的反射率分布来求出要测量的平面的膜的厚度 存储在存储单元中的厚度。

    Automotive display device, vehicle, and display method with 3-D perspective image
    22.
    发明授权
    Automotive display device, vehicle, and display method with 3-D perspective image 有权
    汽车显示装置,车辆和显示方法,具有三维透视图像

    公开(公告)号:US08331622B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-12-11

    申请号:US11570089

    申请日:2005-06-06

    IPC分类号: G06K9/00

    摘要: An automotive display device, which allows the user to easily recognize the sameness of an information image even if the shape of the image is changed, is realized. An automotive display device (1) includes a display section (13) for displaying a vehicle information image including information regarding a vehicle. The vehicle information image is a 3-D image. The automotive display device (1) further includes an image processing section (113) for generating a vehicle information image seen from a fixed viewpoint, an image display processing section (114) for displaying the vehicle information image on the display section (13), and an ETC information detection section (21) that detects a driving condition of the vehicle. The image processing section (113) rotates the vehicle information image around a predetermined axis and for a predetermined angle, in accordance with ETC information obtained by the ETC information detecting section (21).

    摘要翻译: 实现了即使图像的形状改变也允许用户容易地识别信息图像的同一性的汽车显示装置。 汽车显示装置(1)包括用于显示包括关于车辆的信息的车辆信息图像的显示部分(13)。 车辆信息图像是3-D图像。 汽车显示装置(1)还包括用于生成从固定视点看去的车辆信息图像的图像处理部(113),用于在显示部(13)上显示车辆信息图像的图像显示处理部(114) 以及检测车辆的驾驶状况的ETC信息检测部(21)。 图像处理部113根据ETC信息检测部(21)得到的ETC信息,使车辆信息图像围绕预定轴旋转预定角度。

    Method for improving transformation efficiency using powder
    23.
    发明授权
    Method for improving transformation efficiency using powder 有权
    使用粉末提高转化效率的方法

    公开(公告)号:US08324456B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-12-04

    申请号:US12086426

    申请日:2006-12-13

    IPC分类号: C12N15/84 A01H4/00

    CPC分类号: C12N15/8205

    摘要: The present invention provides a method for Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer into a plant material, which comprises inoculating an Agrobacterium into the plant material in the presence of a powder. In the method of the present invention, the powder at least does not affect living tissues and has one or more properties selected from the group consisting of: being insoluble in water; having an affinity for living tissues; having adsorption properties; and having a surface polarity. The present invention also provides a method for producing a transformed plant, which comprises using the gene transfer method of the present invention.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供了将土壤杆菌介导的基因转移到植物材料中的方法,其包括在粉末存在下将土壤杆菌接种到植物材料中。 在本发明的方法中,所述粉末至少不影响活体组织,并且具有选自下组的一种或多种性质:不溶于水; 对活组织有亲和力; 具有吸附性能; 并具有表面极性。 本发明还提供一种生产转化植物的方法,其包括使用本发明的基因转移方法。

    Method for producing pearlitic rail excellent in wear resistance and ductility
    24.
    发明授权
    Method for producing pearlitic rail excellent in wear resistance and ductility 有权
    生产珠光体钢轨的优良耐磨性和延展性的方法

    公开(公告)号:US08210019B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-07-03

    申请号:US12309439

    申请日:2007-07-24

    IPC分类号: B21B23/00 B21D37/16

    摘要: The invention provides a method for producing a pearlitic rail by rough hot rolling and finish hot rolling a billet. In the finish hot rolling, the billet is rolled at a rail head surface temperature in a range of not higher than 900° C. to not lower than the Ar3 transformation point or Arcm transformation point to produce a head cumulative reduction of area of not less than 20%, where the reaction force ratio of the finish rolling is not less than 1.25. The finish hot rolled rail head surface is subjected to accelerated cooling or spontaneous cooling to a temperature of 550° C. or less at a cooling rate of 2 to 30° C./seconds, thereby refining the rail head structure to attain a hardness within a predetermined range, and improving rail wear resistance and ductility.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供一种通过粗热轧和精轧热轧生产珠光体钢轨的方法。 在精轧中,钢坯以不高于900℃的轨头头表面温度轧制至不低于Ar3相变点或Arcm相变点,以产生不少于面积的头部累积减少量 超过20%,其中精轧的反作用力比不小于1.25。 将最终热轧钢轨头表面以2〜30℃/秒的冷却速度进行加速冷却或自发冷却至550℃以下的温度,由此精炼轨头结构以获得硬度 预定范围,提高轨道耐磨性和延展性。

    Image forming apparatus generating electrostatic forces in first and second directions with a predetermined duty ratio
    25.
    发明授权
    Image forming apparatus generating electrostatic forces in first and second directions with a predetermined duty ratio 有权
    图像形成装置以预定的占空比在第一和第二方向上产生静电力

    公开(公告)号:US08204412B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-06-19

    申请号:US12771539

    申请日:2010-04-30

    IPC分类号: G03G15/09 G03G15/08 G03G15/06

    摘要: A duty ratio Du (%), denoted by (T2/(T1+T2))×100, is in the range of 60≦Du≦80; a magnetic carrier has a resistivity ρ which decreases in accordance with an increasing electric field strength, and a relative dielectric constant ∈ which increases in accordance with an increasing electric field strength; a product of a time constant ∈0∈ρ(s) of electric charge decay in an electric field strength E2D decided by a second peak voltage V2 and a dark potential VD, and an electric field strength E2D satisfies a relation of 20≦∈0∈ρ E2D (s·V/cm); and a time constant ∈0∈ρ(s) and a relative dielectric constant ∈ in an electric field strength E1L, which is decided by a first peak voltage V1 and a bright potential VL, satisfy the following relations: ∈0∈ρ(s)≦6.0×10−4, and 30≦∈.

    摘要翻译: 由(T2 /(T1 + T2))×100表示​​的占空比Du(%)在60& nlE的范围内; Du≦̸ 80; 磁性载体具有电阻率&rgr; 其随着电场强度的增加而减小,相对介电常数ε随电场强度的增加而增加; 由第二峰值电压V2和暗电位VD决定的电场强度E2D中电荷衰减的时间常数∈0∈&rgr(s)的乘积,电场强度E2D满足关系20≦̸∈ 0∈&rgr; E2D(s·V / cm); 并且由第一峰值电压V1和亮电位VL确定的电场强度E1L中的时间常数∈0∈&rgr(s)和相对介电常数∈满足以下关系:∈0∈&rgr; (s)≦̸ 6.0×10-4和30≦̸∈。

    Charging circuit for secondary battery
    27.
    发明授权
    Charging circuit for secondary battery 有权
    二次电池充电电路

    公开(公告)号:US08159187B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-04-17

    申请号:US12273244

    申请日:2008-11-18

    IPC分类号: H02J7/00

    CPC分类号: H02J7/0026

    摘要: An operational amplifier connects to a midpoint between a plurality of serially connected battery cells constituting a secondary battery to provide a charging circuit for inhibiting a charge/discharge current from flowin to the midpoint and an input/output current from flowing from the midpoint to each battery cell. The charging circuit includes excess voltage detectors for detecting whether the voltage is an excess voltage, and a charging controller for determining an overcharge state of each battery cell on the basis of the voltages detected and controlling an ON/OFF of a charging switch. Voltage followers include an operational amplifier, NPN transistor, and the like, connected to a midpoint between a first battery cell and a second battery cell and a midpoint between the second battery cell and the third battery, respectively. The outputs of the voltage followers are configured as the grounds of the excess voltage detectors, respectively.

    摘要翻译: 运算放大器连接到构成二次电池的多个串联连接的电池单元之间的中点,以提供用于抑制从流到中点的充电/放电电流的充电电路以及从中点流向每个电池的输入/输出电流 细胞。 充电电路包括用于检测电压是否为过电压的过电压检测器,以及用于根据检测到的电压确定每个电池单元的过充电状态并控制充电开关的接通/断开的充电控制器。 电压跟随器分别连接到第一电池单元和第二电池单元之间的中点以及第二电池单元和第三电池之间的中点的运算放大器,NPN晶体管等。 电压跟随器的输出分别被配置为过电压检测器的接地。

    MEDIA STRIPPER, AND FIXING DEVICE AND IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS EMPLOYING SAME
    29.
    发明申请
    MEDIA STRIPPER, AND FIXING DEVICE AND IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS EMPLOYING SAME 有权
    媒体剥离器和固定装置和使用其的图像形成装置

    公开(公告)号:US20120051805A1

    公开(公告)日:2012-03-01

    申请号:US13215717

    申请日:2011-08-23

    IPC分类号: G03G15/20

    CPC分类号: G03G15/2028

    摘要: A media stripper for use with a pair of first and second, opposed rotary members includes a stripper finger and a rotation restriction mechanism. The stripper finger has an operational edge thereof disposed adjacent to the first rotary member to strip a recording medium from the first rotary member. The stripper finger is rotatable around a pivot axis parallel to a rotation axis of the first rotary member either in a first rotational direction in which the operational edge approaches the first rotary member, or in a second rotational direction in which the operational edge approaches the second rotary member, so as to establish an operational position thereof relative to the first rotary member. The rotation restriction mechanism is disposed for contact with the stripper finger to restrict rotation of the stripper finger in the second rotational direction upon establishment of the operational position of the stripper finger.

    摘要翻译: 用于与一对第一和第二相对旋转构件一起使用的介质剥离器包括剥离手指和旋转限制机构。 剥离手指具有与第一旋转构件相邻的操作边缘,以从第一旋转构件剥离记录介质。 剥离手指可以在其中操作边缘接近第一旋转构件的第一旋转方向上或在其中操作边缘接近第二旋转构件的第二旋转方向上围绕平行于第一旋转构件的旋转轴线的枢转轴线旋转 旋转构件,以便建立其相对于第一旋转构件的操作位置。 旋转限制机构设置成与剥离手指接触,以在剥离器手指的操作位置建立时限制剥离手指沿第二旋转方向的旋转。

    Image forming apparatus
    30.
    发明申请
    Image forming apparatus 失效
    图像形成装置

    公开(公告)号:US20120014725A1

    公开(公告)日:2012-01-19

    申请号:US13067809

    申请日:2011-06-28

    IPC分类号: G03G15/20

    摘要: An image forming apparatus including a fixing device to fix a toner image on a recoding medium; a compressed air generator to generate a compressed air; an air nozzle to inject the compressed air to separate the recording medium having the fixed toner image from the fixing device; a first switching unit to switch the air nozzle between injection and termination, which is provided upstream from the air nozzle; and a buffer unit to retain the compressed air, which is provided upstream from the air nozzle and downstream from the first switching unit.

    摘要翻译: 一种图像形成装置,包括:用于将调色剂图像定影在记录介质上的定影装置; 压缩空气发生器,用于产生压缩空气; 喷射压缩空气以将具有固定的调色剂图像的记录介质与定影装置分离的空气喷嘴; 第一切换单元,用于在空气喷嘴的上游设置喷射和终止之间切换空气喷嘴; 以及缓冲单元,其保持压缩空气,所述压缩空气设置在所述空气喷嘴的上游并且位于所述第一开关单元的下游。