摘要:
Methods and systems are provided for improving fluid usage while addressing knock by adjusting the use of spark retard and direct injection of a fluid based on engine operating conditions and the composition of the injected fluid. One or more engine parameters, such as EGR, VCT, boost, throttle position, are coordinated with the direct injection to reduce torque and EGR transients.
摘要:
Methods and systems are provided for improving fluid usage while addressing knock by adjusting the use of spark retard and direct injection of a fluid based on engine operating conditions and the composition of the injected fluid. One or more engine parameters, such as EGR, VCT, boost, throttle position, are coordinated with the direct injection to reduce torque and EGR transients.
摘要:
Methods and systems are provided for improving fluid usage while addressing knock by adjusting the use of spark retard and direct injection of a fluid based on engine operating conditions and the composition of the injected fluid. One or more engine parameters, such as EGR, VCT, boost, throttle position, are coordinated with the direct injection to reduce torque and EGR transients.
摘要:
A method of characterizing a nucleic acid sample is provided that includes the steps of: (a) conducting a DNA polymerase reaction that includes the reaction of a template, an allele specific primer, at least one terminal phosphate-labeled nucleotide, DNA polymerase, and optionally an enzyme having 3′→5′ exonuclease activity when the primer is non-hydrolyzable, which reaction results in the production of labeled polyphosphate; (b) permitting the labeled polyphosphate to react with a phosphatase to produce a detectable species; (c) detecting the detectable species; and (d) characterizing the nucleic acid sample based on such detection.
摘要:
This invention presents a new cDNA amplification method. RNA is first converted to cDNA. The synthesis of cDNA can include a promoter tagged oligonucleotide, and then this cDNA is ligated to form circles (or possibly concatemers). This is then amplified using a Phi29 DNA polymerase based rolling circle and strand displacement amplification. The invention allows for RNA promoter sequences to be attached to the cDNA to facilitate additional amplification through the generation of RNA from the amplified cDNA. The resulting product can then be used to make materials for gene expression studies or other RNA analysis procedures.
摘要:
Disclosed herein are sprayable insect repellent compositions that provide improved skin feel through the incorporation of a powder ingredient. The powder is essentially permanently suspended in the composition by a thickener (e.g. carbomer thickener) so that no shaking to resuspend settled out powder is necessary immediately before the composition is applied to the skin. This is achieved in an aerosol or spritz spray formulation, while avoiding clogging problems. One composition contains ethanol, DEET or picaridin, carbomer thickener, a neutralizer, corn starch powder, water, and gas propellant.
摘要:
A stone cutting system effective for mechanically delineating defined datum points in a Cartesian coordinate system by positioning at least one datum point defining means per coordinate comprising a combination blocking and clamping device, a table of a computer numerically controlled (CNC) stoneworking machine, a locating means positioned on the table, the blocking and clamping device being in the form of a parallelepiped including a bottom surface having a plurality of apertures adapted to enable positioning about the locating means, a top surface having a first blocking edge and a second clamping edge, including at least one means for clamping a workpiece within said top surface second clamping edge, a left side surface, a right side surface, a front surface, a rear surface, and at least one means for fixation of said device on said table.
摘要:
A device and method for loading cigarettes from a cartridge into a package. The device provides for transferring cigarettes from a cartridge supporting them to a package.
摘要:
A microreplicated article having a moiré reducing surface and method of manufacturing the same, are disclosed. A microreplicated article includes a flexible substrate having first and second opposed surfaces, a first coated microreplicated pattern on the first surface, and a second coated microreplicated pattern on the second surface. The first coated microreplicated pattern and the second coated microreplicated pattern are registered to within 10 micrometers in a machine direction and a transverse direction and the first coated microreplicated pattern and second coated microreplicated pattern form a plurality of lens segments. Each lens segment includes a plurality of lens elements each having an optical axis where all of the lens element optical axes are parallel to each other and lens elements within a first lens segment have optical axes that are offset from optical axes of lens elements within an adjacent second lens segment.
摘要:
A film for a screen has a light transmitting substrate and a plurality of structures disposed on the substrate. An optical material at least partially fills cavities between the structures. A method of forming a film includes providing a light transmitting substrate having a plurality of structures disposed thereon and at least partially filling the cavities therebetween with an optical material.