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公开(公告)号：US4751555A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-14
申请号：US48286
申请日：1987-05-11
IPC分类号： G02B6/12 , C30B25/02 , C30B29/40 , G02B6/122 , G02F1/025 , H01S5/042 , H01S5/32 , H01S5/323 , H01L29/161
CPC分类号： H01S5/0422 , G02F1/025 , H01S5/32325 , G02F2202/102 , H01S5/3201
摘要： Low loss semiconductor waveguides for supporting propagation of optical signals over a wide range of wavelengths are achieved by growing at least two epitaxial layers of dopant material contiguous along a major surface of each layer to form a heterointerface therebetween. At least one of the epitaxial layers includes a sufficient concentration of semiconductor material to cause strain via lattice mismatch substantially at and near the heterointerface. The strain induces a change in refractive index such that the heterointerface exhibits a substantially higher refractive index than a portion of each epitaxial layer proximate to the heterointerface. The resulting waveguide is capable of supporting propagation of optical signals substantially along the heterointerface. In one example, contiguous epitaxial layers of InP and InGaP form a waveguide for optical signals at wavelengths greater than 0.93 .mu.m. The concentration of Ga in the InGaP epitaxial layer is varied from 10.sup.18 to 10.sup.20 cm.sup.-3 to increase the refractive index difference between the heterointerface and the immediate surrounding layers.
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公开(公告)号：US4384760A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-24
申请号：US216309
申请日：1980-12-15
申请人： Rodney C. Alferness
发明人： Rodney C. Alferness
CPC分类号： H04B10/25 , G02B6/105 , G02F1/0136 , G02F1/0353 , G02F2001/0142 , G02F2203/07
摘要： A generalized polarization transformer (10) is disclosed that is capable, under electrical control, of transforming the polarization of a signal between two arbitrary states. In its most general form, the transformer comprises a variable input phase shifter (11) for varying the relative phase between an incident pair of orthogonally polarized wave components; a variable mode converter (12) for varying the relative amplitudes of said orthogonally polarized wave components; and a variable output phase shifter (13) for varying the relative phase between the wave components derived from said mode converters. For some applications, the output phase shifter is not required. In an alternative configuration, the input phase shifter and the mode converter are combined in a common constructure.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种能够在电气控制下将两个任意状态之间的信号的偏振变换的广义偏振变压器（10）。 在其最一般的形式中，变压器包括用于改变入射对的正交偏振波分量之间的相对相位的可变输入移相器（11） 用于改变所述正交极化波分量的相对振幅的可变模式转换器（12）; 以及用于改变从所述模式转换器导出的波分量之间的相对相位的可变输出移相器（13）。 对于某些应用，不需要输出移相器。 在替代配置中，输入移相器和模式转换器组合在共同的结构中。
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公开(公告)号：US4273411A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-16
申请号：US114832
申请日：1980-01-24
申请人： Rodney C. Alferness
发明人： Rodney C. Alferness
CPC分类号： G02F1/3132 , G02F1/0353 , G02F2201/066 , G02F2201/124 , G02F2203/055
摘要： An optical TE.revreaction.TM mode converter, using highly birefringent materials such as lithium niobate, is wavelength sensitive and, as such, can be used as a wavelength filter. However, to extract the filtered (i.e., the mode converted) signal, a separate, high quality polarization selective element is required. This application discloses means for eliminating the need for a separate polarization sensing element by using mode conversion as a means for spatially separating the filtered signal. The filter comprises a pair of mismatched waveguides (11, 12), and phase matching means (14, 15) for producing selective coupling between TE mode wave energy in one of the guides and TM mode wave energy on the other guide.
摘要翻译： 使用诸如铌酸锂的高度双折射材料的光学TE - > TM模式转换器是波长敏感的，因此可以用作波长滤波器。 然而，为了提取滤波的（即，模式转换的）信号，需要单独的高质量偏振选择元件。 本申请公开了通过使用模式转换作为用于空间分离滤波信号的手段来消除对单独偏振感测元件的需要的装置。 滤波器包括一对失配的波导（11,12）和相位匹配装置（14,15），用于产生导向件之一中的TE模式波能量与另一个引导件上的TM模式波能量之间的选择性耦合。
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公开(公告)号：US4146297A
公开(公告)日：1979-03-27
申请号：US869515
申请日：1978-01-16
CPC分类号： G02F1/3132 , G02F2203/055
摘要： An integrated optical filter composed of coupled nonidentical strip waveguides in LiNbO.sub.3 is disclosed. The device has a broad bandwidth, is tunable over several hundred angstroms, and offers electrical control of the crossover efficiency. Several devices are combined on a single substrate to provide an electrically tunable multiplexer or demultiplexer.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种由LiNbO3中的耦合不相干条形波导构成的集成滤光器。 该器件具有宽带宽，可调超过几百埃，并提供交叉效率的电气控制。 将多个器件组合在单个衬底上以提供电可调谐多路复用器或解复用器。
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公开(公告)号：US5253314A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-12
申请号：US830092
申请日：1992-01-31
IPC分类号： H01L31/12 , G02B6/12 , G02B6/122 , G02F1/313 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/0625 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/34 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H01S5/06256 , G02B6/12004 , G02B6/12007 , G02F1/3133 , G02F2001/3135 , G02F2203/055 , H01S5/1032 , H01S5/1035 , H01S5/3428
摘要： Various optical functions are generated in accordance with the present invention of a novel broadly tunable monolithic wavelength selective coupler which can be integrated with a gain medium to form a broadly tunable laser. The tunable wavelength selective coupler supports a pair of asynchronous waveguides, an upper waveguide and a lower waveguide, in combination with a phase match course grating for coupling optical energy between said waveguides. One end of the lower waveguide terminates at an output facet. The corresponding end of the upper waveguide terminates in an optical signal absorbing medium. The other end of the lower waveguide is terminated to prevent optical energy from entering the waveguide; and, the corresponding end of the upper waveguide terminates at an input facet. The combination of a gain section and the monolithically tunable wavelength selective coupler forms a broadly tunable laser which is an important source of optical energy for a number of applications such as wavelength division multiplexed networks and switching systems. The laser frequency is determined by that wavelength .lambda.o which satisifies the forward coupling phase match condition, .lambda.g=.LAMBDA..vertline.N.sub.2 -N.sub.1 .vertline. of the coupler where .LAMBDA. is the coarse grating period and N.sub.1, N.sub.2 are the effective indices of the two waveguides. Wavelengths which are not coupled from the upper waveguide to the lower waveguide are attenuated in the optical signal absorbing means. Tuning of the laser wavelength is achieved by either injecting current into or applying a reverse bias voltage to the upper waveguide to decrease or increase its index respectively and change the coupled wavelength.
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公开(公告)号：US4883335A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-28
申请号：US144777
申请日：1988-01-20
CPC分类号： G02B6/29332 , G02B6/2821
摘要： An optical power tap is disclosed which allows effectively nonreciprocal injection and removal of power at each node of a single-mode optical fiber local area network. The power tap uses a wavelength-selective directional coupler to inject and remove power from the bus, and a nonlinear converter in the bus to convert light from one wavelength to another. In the specific embodiment disclosed a neodymium-doped silica fiber is used as a nonlinear material to convert light from one wavelength to another.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种光功率抽头，其允许在单模光纤局域网的每个节点处有效地非互易注入和去除功率。 电源抽头使用波长选择性定向耦合器来从总线注入和去除电力，以及总线中的非线性转换器将光从一个波长转换到另一个波长。 在所公开的具体实施方案中，使用掺钕二氧化硅纤维作为将光从一个波长转换成另一个的非线性材料。
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公开(公告)号：US4737007A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-12
申请号：US832740
申请日：1986-02-24
CPC分类号： G02B6/29334
摘要： Narrow band, wavelength selective optical coupling is achieved in a device including first and second optical transmission media and a filter. The first and second optical transmission media are in substantially close proximity of each other in a predetermined interaction region to provide evanescent coupling therebetween. The filter is positioned on the first optical transmission medium in the predetermined region for causing the coupling to be wavelength selective and contradirectional from the first optical transmission means to the second optical transmission means. One exemplary embodiment of the coupler includes optical fibers as the transmission media and a Bragg reflection grating integrally formed on the first transmission medium as the filter. Other embodiments include the use of semiconductor waveguides as the optical transmission media.
摘要翻译： 在包括第一和第二光传输介质和滤波器的装置中实现窄带，波长选择性光耦合。 第一和第二光学传输介质在预定的相互作用区域中基本上彼此靠近，以在其间提供渐逝耦合。 滤波器位于预定区域中的第一光传输介质上，用于使耦合波长选择并且从第一光传输装置到第二光传输装置是相反的。 耦合器的一个示例性实施例包括作为传输介质的光纤和作为滤波器整体形成在第一传输介质上的布拉格反射光栅。 其他实施例包括使用半导体波导作为光传输介质。
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公开(公告)号：US4448479A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-15
申请号：US321475
申请日：1981-11-16
申请人： Rodney C. Alferness
发明人： Rodney C. Alferness
CPC分类号： G02F1/3134 , G02F1/0356
摘要： A simulated velocity match between a traveling optical wave and a traveling electrical modulating wave is obtained in traveling wave, velocity mismatched electrooptic devices by introducing, at longitudinally spaced intervals along the electrical signal wavepath, means for producing the equivalent of a 180 degree phase shift in the effect of the modulating signal upon the operative electrooptic parameter of said device. This technique is employed to minimize the effect of walk-off due to velocity mismatch in modulators, phase shifter and mode converters.
摘要翻译： 在行波，速度不匹配的电光装置中，沿着电信号波导沿纵向隔开的间隔引入移动光波和行进电调制波之间的模拟速度匹配装置，用于产生相当于180度相移的装置 调制信号对所述装置的操作电光参数的影响。 该技术用于最小化由于调制器，移相器和模式转换器中的速度失配引起的脱离的影响。
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公开(公告)号：US4400052A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-23
申请号：US245628
申请日：1981-03-19
摘要： Method for adjusting the value of birefringence in predetermined sections of waveguides in integrated optics devices fabricated in optically anisotropic substrates such as monocrystalline LiNbO.sub.3 or LiTaO.sub.3. The inventive method comprises in combination methods for changing both refractive indices in a first volume of the substrate, such as, for instance, ion implantation or metal in-diffusion, thereby creating an optical waveguide for both TE and TM modes of radiation, and methods for further changing one of the indices in a second volume of the substrate, without proportionally changing the other index in the second volume, such as, for instance, Li out-diffusion or ion exchange. In a typical application, the first volume comprises waveguiding regions, including the section in which the birefringence is to be adjusted, and the second volume also includes that waveguide section. The inventive methods are advantageously employed in the manufacture of integrated optics devices whose operating characteristics depend on the value of birefringence of a section of waveguide, for instance, a mode converter/wavelength filter, or a polarization separator.
摘要翻译： 在诸如单晶LiNbO 3或LiTaO 3的光学各向异性基底中制造的集成光学器件中调整波导的预定部分中的双折射值的方法。 本发明的方法包括用于改变衬底的第一体积（例如离子注入或金属内扩散）中的折射率的组合方法，由此产生用于TE和TM辐射模式的光波导，以及方法 用于进一步改变基片的第二体积中的一个指数，而不成比例地改变第二体积中的其它指数，例如Li扩散或离子交换。 在典型的应用中，第一体积包括波导区域，包括其中将要调节双折射的部分，第二体积还包括该波导部分。 本发明的方法有利地用于制造其工作特性取决于波导部分（例如，模式转换器/波长滤波器或偏振分离器）的双折射值的集成光学器件。
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