Controller for internal combustion engine
    21.
    发明授权
    Controller for internal combustion engine 有权
    内燃机控制器

    公开(公告)号:US06662782B2

    公开(公告)日:2003-12-16

    申请号:US10195305

    申请日:2002-07-16

    IPC分类号: F02P500

    摘要: The present invention is directed to provide a controller for an internal combustion engine, capable of suppressing deterioration in drivability of an engine. A controller for an internal combustion engine has lean control means for calculating a torque margin from a reference engine speed and an actual engine speed and setting a combustion air-fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine to the lean side on the basis of the torque margin. In addition to correction of a fuel injection amount by the lean control means, the fuel injection amount is further corrected on the basis of a final correction value for reducing deterioration in drivability. The final correction value is set by selecting either a correction value which is set on the basis of an engine speed fluctuation amount or a final correction value of last time, which suppresses deterioration in drivability more. Thus, the operation of setting the air-fuel ratio to the lean side while considering deterioration in drivability can be performed.

    摘要翻译: 本发明旨在提供一种能够抑制发动机的驾驶性能劣化的内燃机的控制装置。 用于内燃机的控制器具有用于根据参考发动机转速和实际发动机转速计算转矩余量的稀薄控制装置,并且基于转矩裕度将内燃机的燃烧空燃比设定为稀侧 。 除了通过稀薄控制装置校正燃料喷射量之外,还基于用于降低驾驶性能的劣化的最终校正值进一步校正燃料喷射量。 通过选择基于发动机转速波动量或最后一次的最终校正值设定的校正值来设定最终校正值,从而抑制驾驶性能的劣化。 因此,可以在考虑驾驶性能的劣化的同时进行将空燃比设定为稀薄侧的动作。

    Method of stripping a strippable coating film
    22.
    发明授权
    Method of stripping a strippable coating film 失效
    剥离可剥离涂膜的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5891261A

    公开(公告)日:1999-04-06

    申请号:US838045

    申请日:1997-04-22

    CPC分类号: B29C63/0013

    摘要: A method of stripping a strippable coating film formed on a substrate from the substrate, which method comprises either (i) spraying a hot water or water vapor at a predetermined temperature onto a strippable coating film having a surface temperature lower than 15.degree. C. for heating, or (ii) spraying a cold water or water vapor at a predetermined temperature onto a strippable coating film having a surface temperature higher than 35.degree. C. for cooling, so that the resulting surface temperature may be controlled in the range of 15 to 35.degree. C. respectively, followed by stripping the resulting strippable coating film respectively.

    摘要翻译: 从基材上剥离形成在基材上的可剥离涂膜的方法,该方法包括(i)将预定温度下的热水或水蒸气喷涂到表面温度低于15℃的可剥离涂膜上, 加热,或(ii)将预定温度下的冷水或水蒸气喷洒到表面温度高于35℃的可剥离的涂膜上以进行冷却,以使得到的表面温度可以控制在15〜 35℃,然后分别汽提得到的可剥离涂膜。

    Electrochemical biosensor based on immobilized enzymes and redox polymers
    24.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical biosensor based on immobilized enzymes and redox polymers 失效
    基于固定化酶和氧化还原聚合物的电化学生物传感器

    公开(公告)号:US5089112A

    公开(公告)日:1992-02-18

    申请号:US463540

    申请日:1990-01-11

    IPC分类号: C12Q1/00 G01N27/416

    CPC分类号: C12Q1/004 Y10S435/817

    摘要: The present invention relates to an electrochemical enzyme biosensor for use in liquid mixtures of components for detecting the presence of, or measuring the amount of, one or more select components. The enzyme electrode of the present invention is comprised of an enzyme, an artificial redox compound covalently bound to a flexible polymer backbone and an electron collector.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及用于检测一种或多种选择组分的存在或测量量的组分的液体混合物中的电化学酶生物传感器。 本发明的酶电极由酶,与弹性聚合物骨架共价结合的人造氧化还原化合物和电子收集体构成。

    High pressure synthesis of sulfur-selenium fulvalenes
    27.
    发明授权
    High pressure synthesis of sulfur-selenium fulvalenes 失效
    高压合成硫硒富瓦烯

    公开(公告)号:US4465845A

    公开(公告)日:1984-08-14

    申请号:US372058

    申请日:1982-04-26

    IPC分类号: C07D343/00

    CPC分类号: C07D343/00

    摘要: A process is disclosed for one-step preparation of sulfur-selenium fulvalenes by reaction of an acetylenic compound with carbon selenide sulfide or with a mixture of carbon diselenide and carbon disulfide under pressures of at least about 1,000 atmospheres. Fulvalene compounds made by the process are characterized in having at least one sulfur atom and at least one selenium atom in the ring structure of the fulvalene compound. Substituted diselenadithiafulvalenes made by this process are precursors to very pure diselenadithiafulvalene which is useful in preparing charge-transfer salts.

    摘要翻译: 公开了通过在至少约1,000个大气压的压力下使炔属化合物与碳化硒硫化物或二硒化碳和二硫化碳的混合物反应来一步制备硫 - 硒富瓦烯的方法。 通过该方法制备的富勒烯化合物的特征在于在富瓦烯化合物的环结构中具有至少一个硫原子和至少一个硒原子。 通过该方法制备的取代的二硒代二聚富瓦烯是可用于制备电荷转移盐的非常纯的二硒代二聚富瓦烯的前体。

    Substituted teraselenafulvalenes and high pressure synthesis thereof
    28.
    发明授权
    Substituted teraselenafulvalenes and high pressure synthesis thereof 失效
    取代的teraselena富瓦烯及其高压合成

    公开(公告)号:US4402875A

    公开(公告)日:1983-09-06

    申请号:US303542

    申请日:1981-09-18

    IPC分类号: C07D345/00

    CPC分类号: C07D345/00

    摘要: A process is disclosed for one-step preparation of substituted tetraselenafulvalenes by reaction of carbon diselenide with acetylenic compounds under pressures of at least about 1,000 atmospheres. Substituted tetraselenafulvalenes made by this process are useful as precursors to very pure tetraselenafulvalene and are useful in forming complexes with certain inorganic anions to provide charge-transfer salts having very high electrical conductivity.

    摘要翻译: 公开了通过在至少约1,000个大气压的压力下二硒化碳与炔属化合物的反应一步制备取代的四烯醛富瓦烯的方法。 通过该方法制备的取代的四烯醛富瓦烯可用作非常纯的四烯基富瓦烯的前体,并且可用于与某些无机阴离子形成络合物以提供具有非常高导电性的电荷转移盐。