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    Electrochemical biosensor based on immobilized enzymes and redox polymers
    3.
    发明授权
    Electrochemical biosensor based on immobilized enzymes and redox polymers 失效
    基于固定化酶和氧化还原聚合物的电化学生物传感器

    公开(公告)号：US5089112A

    公开(公告)日：1992-02-18

    申请号：US463540

    申请日：1990-01-11

    申请人： Terje A. Skotheim ,  Yoshiyuki Okamoto ,  Paul D. Hale

    发明人： Terje A. Skotheim ,  Yoshiyuki Okamoto ,  Paul D. Hale

    IPC分类号： C12Q1/00 ,  G01N27/416

    CPC分类号： C12Q1/004 ,  Y10S435/817

    摘要： The present invention relates to an electrochemical enzyme biosensor for use in liquid mixtures of components for detecting the presence of, or measuring the amount of, one or more select components. The enzyme electrode of the present invention is comprised of an enzyme, an artificial redox compound covalently bound to a flexible polymer backbone and an electron collector.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于检测一种或多种选择组分的存在或测量量的组分的液体混合物中的电化学酶生物传感器。 本发明的酶电极由酶，与弹性聚合物骨架共价结合的人造氧化还原化合物和电子收集体构成。

    Dye-sensitized solar cells
    4.
    发明授权
    Dye-sensitized solar cells 失效
    染料敏化太阳能电池

    公开(公告)号：US4190950A

    公开(公告)日：1980-03-04

    申请号：US889688

    申请日：1978-03-24

    申请人： Terje A. Skotheim

    发明人： Terje A. Skotheim

    IPC分类号： H01L31/07 ,  B01J17/00

    CPC分类号： H01L31/07 ,  H01L51/4226 ,  Y02E10/542 ,  Y02E10/549

    摘要： A low-cost dye-sensitized Schottky barrier solar cell comprised of a substrate of semiconductor with an ohmic contact on one face, a sensitizing dye adsorbed onto the opposite face of the semiconductor, a transparent thin-film layer of a reducing agent over the dye, and a thin-film layer of metal over the reducing agent. The ohmic contact and metal layer constitute electrodes for connection to an external circuit and one or the other or both are made transparent to permit light to penetrate to the dye and be absorbed therein for generating electric current. The semiconductor material chosen to be the substrate is one having a wide bandgap and which therefore is transparent; the dye selected is one having a ground state within the bandgap of the semiconductor to generate carriers in the semiconductor, and a first excited state above the conduction band edge of the semiconductor to readily conduct electrons from the dye to the semiconductor; the reducing agent selected is one having a ground state above the ground state of the sensitizer to provide a plentiful source of electrons to the dye during current generation and thereby enhance the generation; and the metal for the thin-film layer of metal is selected to have a Fermi level in the vicinity of or above the ground state of the reducing agent to thereby amply supply electrons to the reducing agent.

    摘要翻译： 一种低成本染料敏化肖特基势垒太阳能电池，由一面上具有欧姆接触的半导体衬底，吸附在半导体的相对面上的敏化染料，在染料上的还原剂的透明薄膜层 和还原剂上的金属薄膜层。 欧姆接触和金属层构成用于连接到外部电路的电极，并且一个或另一个或两者均为透明的，以允许光穿透染料并被吸收以产生电流。 选择为基板的半导体材料是具有宽带隙的半导体材料，因此是透明的; 选择的染料是在半导体的带隙内具有基态以在半导体中产生载流子的染料，并且在半导体的导带边缘之上的第一激发态能够容易地将电子从染料导入半导体; 选择的还原剂是具有高于敏化剂的基态的基态的电荷，在电流产生期间向染料提供充足的电子源，从而增强产生; 并且金属薄膜层的金属被选择为在还原剂的基态附近或高于还原剂的基态具有费米能级，从而向还原剂供应电子。

    Protective coating for separators for electrochemical cells
    9.
    发明授权
    Protective coating for separators for electrochemical cells 有权
    用于电化学电池隔板的保护涂层

    公开(公告)号：US06277514B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-08-21

    申请号：US09447901

    申请日：1999-11-23

    申请人： Qicong Ying ,  Steven A. Carlson ,  Terje A. Skotheim

    发明人： Qicong Ying ,  Steven A. Carlson ,  Terje A. Skotheim

    IPC分类号： H01M214

    CPC分类号： H01M2/166 ,  H01M2/16 ,  H01M2/1646 ,  H01M2/1653 ,  H01M2/1686 ,  H01M6/16 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/056 ,  H01M10/0585 ,  H01M2300/0094

    摘要： This invention pertains to separators for use in electrochemical cells which comprise at least one microporous pseudo-boehmite layer, which separator is in contact with at least one protective coating layer positioned on the anode-facing side of the separator opposite from the cathode active layer in the cell; electrolyte elements comprising such separators; electrical current producing cells comprising such separators; and methods of making such separators, electrolyte elements and cells.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于电化学电池的分离器，其包含至少一个微孔假勃姆石层，该分离器与位于与阴极活性层相对的隔板的面向阳极侧的至少一个保护涂层接触， 细胞; 包括这种分离器的电解质元件; 包括这种分离器的电流产生电池; 以及制造这种分离器，电解质元件和电池的方法。

    Non-aqueous electrolyte solvents for secondary cells
    10.
    发明授权
    Non-aqueous electrolyte solvents for secondary cells 有权
    用于二次电池的非水电解质溶剂

    公开(公告)号：US06245465B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-06-12

    申请号：US09172720

    申请日：1998-10-13

    申请人： Charles Austen Angell ,  Kang Xu ,  Igor P. Kovalev ,  Terje A. Skotheim

    发明人： Charles Austen Angell ,  Kang Xu ,  Igor P. Kovalev ,  Terje A. Skotheim

    IPC分类号： H01M616

    CPC分类号： H01M10/0569 ,  H01G11/56 ,  H01M6/164 ,  H01M2300/0034 ,  Y02E60/13

    摘要： The present invention pertains to non-aqueous electrolyte solvents which comprise a non-symmetrical, non-cyclic sulfone and which are suitable for use in secondary electric current producing cells. The present invention also pertains to electrolyte elements comprising such solvents, electric current producing cells comprising such electrolyte elements, and methods for making such electric current producing cells. More particularly, the present invention pertains to electrolyte elements comprising a non-aqueous electrolyte solvent, which solvent comprises a non-symmetrical, non-cyclic sulfone of the general formula R1—SO2—R2, wherein R1 and R2 are independently linear or branched alkyl or partially or fully fluorinated linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, wherein R1 and R2 are different, and wherein —SO2— denotes the sulfone group.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及非水电解质溶剂，其包含非对称的非环状砜，并且适用于二次电流产生电池。 本发明还涉及包含这种溶剂的电解质元件，包含这种电解质元件的电流产生电池，以及制造这种电流产生电池的方法。 更具体地说，本发明涉及包含非水电解质溶剂的电解质元件，该溶剂包含通式为R 1 -SO 2 -R 2的非对称非环状砜，其中R 1和R 2独立地为直链或支链烷基 或部分或全部氟化的具有1至7个碳原子的直链或支链烷基，其中R1和R2不同，并且其中-SO2-表示砜基团。