公开(公告)号：US5194886A

公开(公告)日：1993-03-16

申请号：US679562

申请日：1991-04-02

申请人： Hiromu Mukai ,  Kohtaro Hayashi ,  Ichiro Kasai ,  Jun Ishihara ,  Yasumasa Sugihara

发明人： Hiromu Mukai ,  Kohtaro Hayashi ,  Ichiro Kasai ,  Jun Ishihara ,  Yasumasa Sugihara

IPC分类号： G02B15/16 ,  G02B23/14 ,  G03B13/12

CPC分类号： G02B15/16 ,  G03B13/12 ,  G02B23/145

摘要： In a finder optical system provided separately from a taking lens system, an objective lens system forms a primary image which is an inverted image of a subject, a relay lens system erects the primary image formed by the objective lens system to form a secondary image which is an erecting image and can change the size of the secondary image, and an ocular enlarges the secondary image formed by the relay lens system and can change the enlargement ratio.The finder optical system is useful for a camera constituting the trimming system.

摘要翻译： 在与拍摄镜头系统分开设置的取景器光学系统中，物镜系统形成作为被摄体的反转图像的原始图像，中继透镜系统竖立由物镜系统形成的主图像，以形成二次图像， 是直立图像，可以改变二次图像的尺寸，并且眼睛放大由中继透镜系统形成的二次图像，并且可以改变放大率。 取景器光学系统对于构成修剪系统的相机是有用的。

公开(公告)号：US4730158A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-08

申请号：US871231

申请日：1986-06-06

申请人： Ichiro Kasai ,  Roderic L. Osgood ,  Charley B. Burgett ,  Richard J. Joyce ,  Michael D. Warfield

发明人： Ichiro Kasai ,  Roderic L. Osgood ,  Charley B. Burgett ,  Richard J. Joyce ,  Michael D. Warfield

IPC分类号： G01R31/26 ,  G01R31/265 ,  G01R31/28 ,  G01R31/302 ,  G01R31/305 ,  H01L21/66 ,  H01L31/10

CPC分类号： G01R31/2653 ,  G01R31/2603 ,  G01R31/2635 ,  H02S50/10

摘要： Method and apparatus for testing photodiode arrays using an electron beam. The diodes are charged at successive intervals over the RC time constant curve to develop successively increasing voltages at the ends of succeeding time intervals. Diode voltage and current are measured at the end of each interval and the resulting data are used to develop a current-voltage characteristic for each diode.

摘要翻译： 使用电子束测试光电二极管阵列的方法和装置。 二极管在RC时间常数曲线上以连续的间隔充电，以在随后的时间间隔的末端形成连续增加的电压。 在每个间隔结束时测量二极管电压和电流，并且使用所得数据来开发每个二极管的电流 - 电压特性。

公开(公告)号：US6097526A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-01

申请号：US316818

申请日：1999-05-21

申请人： Hideki Nagata ,  Kohtaro Hayashi ,  Ichiro Kasai ,  Soh Ohzawa ,  Akira Sato ,  Yasushi Kobayashi

发明人： Hideki Nagata ,  Kohtaro Hayashi ,  Ichiro Kasai ,  Soh Ohzawa ,  Akira Sato ,  Yasushi Kobayashi

IPC分类号： G02B26/10 ,  G02B13/00 ,  G02B27/01 ,  G02B27/02 ,  H04N5/64 ,  G02B26/08

CPC分类号： G02B27/0101 ,  G02B27/01 ,  G02B27/017 ,  G02B27/0172

摘要： A scanning-type image viewing optical system has a light source for emitting luminous flux; a main scanning means for scanning luminous flux in a first direction; a sub-scanning means for scanning luminous flux in a second direction different from the first direction; and an eyepiece lens for directing luminous flux scanned by the two scanning means to the pupil of an observer, wherein the main scanning means has a conjugate relationship with the pupil position of the observer via the eyepiece lens, and when the pupil diameter, i.e., the luminous flux diameter of the incident luminous flux at the pupil position of the observer, is designated d and the main scan diameter, i.e., the luminous flux diameter exiting the main scanning means, is designated d', the conjugate magnification .beta. calculated by d/d' satisfies the conditional equation 1.2.ltoreq..beta..

摘要翻译： 扫描型图像观察光学系统具有用于发射光通量的光源; 主扫描装置，用于沿第一方向扫描光通量; 用于沿与第一方向不同的第二方向扫描光通量的副扫描装置; 以及用于将由两个扫描装置扫描的光束引导到观察者的瞳孔的目镜，其中主扫描装置经由目镜透镜与观察者的瞳孔位置具有共轭关系，并且当瞳孔直径 在观察者的瞳孔位置处的入射光通量的光束直径被指定为d，主扫描直径（即，将主扫描装置的光束直径）指定为d'，由d计算的共轭倍率β / d'满足条件方程式1.2

公开(公告)号：US5627618A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-06

申请号：US264490

申请日：1994-06-23

申请人： Ichiro Kasai ,  Katsuto Tanaka

发明人： Ichiro Kasai ,  Katsuto Tanaka

IPC分类号： G02B15/17 ,  G03B13/10 ,  G02B15/14

CPC分类号： G02B15/17

摘要： A high-zoom-ratio real-image finder is provided with an objective lens system including a first lens unit having a positive power, a second lens unit having a negative power, a third lens unit having a negative power and a fourth lens unit having a positive power. Zooming is performed by moving the second and third lens units always in the same direction. A luminous flux restricting member is integrated with a holder for the second lens unit. A zoom strobe unit moves integrally with a holder for the third lens unit.

摘要翻译： 具有高倍率比实时取景器的物镜系统包括具有正光焦度的第一透镜单元，具有负光焦度的第二透镜单元，具有负光焦度的第三透镜单元和具有负光焦度的第四透镜单元， 积极的力量。 通过使第二和第三透镜单元始终沿相同的方向移动来进行变焦。 光束限制构件与用于第二透镜单元的保持器一体化。 变焦选通单元与用于第三透镜单元的保持器一体移动。

公开(公告)号：US5130855A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-14

申请号：US341693

申请日：1989-04-21

申请人： Hiromu Mukai ,  Ichiro Kasai

发明人： Hiromu Mukai ,  Ichiro Kasai

IPC分类号： G03B13/08 ,  G03B19/12

CPC分类号： G03B13/08 ,  G03B19/12

摘要： A viewfinder optical system including an objective lens for forming an image of a subject, a rooflike reflecting portion for reflecting an incident bundle of rays so as to deflect the incident bundle of rays through 90.degree., which is provided between the objective lens and the image of the subject formed by the objective lens, a double reflecting portion for twice reflecting a bundle of rays reflected by the rooflike reflecting portion so as to deflect the bundle of rays through 270.degree. and an eyepiece for enlarging the image of the subject.

摘要翻译： 一种取景器光学系统，包括用于形成被摄体的图像的物镜，用于反射入射的射线束的屋顶状反射部，以使物镜和图像之间设置的入射光线束偏转90° 由物镜形成的被摄物体的双重反射部分，用于两次反射由屋顶状反射部分反射的光束，以使射线束偏转270度，并且用于放大对象​​图像的目镜。

公开(公告)号：US4639756A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-27

申请号：US859674

申请日：1986-05-05

申请人： Joseph P. Rosbeck ,  Ichiro Kasai

发明人： Joseph P. Rosbeck ,  Ichiro Kasai

IPC分类号： H01L27/146 ,  H01L31/0296 ,  H01L31/10 ,  H01L31/103 ,  H01L27/14 ,  H01L29/06 ,  H01L31/00 ,  H01L31/12

CPC分类号： H01L31/02966 ,  H01L27/14649 ,  H01L31/1032

摘要： A HgCdTe photodiode array for detecting mid-wavelength infrared radiation has a laminated structure consisting of a substrate, a heavily doped wide bandgap buffer layer, and a more lightly doped narrow bandgap base layer. Two sets of a orthogonally disposed U-shaped grooves are etched completely through the base layer and partially through the buffer layer, thereby forming a plurality of mesa-shaped structures. Overlying the portion of base layer contained within each mesa is a capping layer of opposite conductivity. The junction of the base and capping layer within each mesa forms a photodiode. In contact with each capping layer is a metalization area for connection of the underlying diode to a readout device. In contact with the buffer layer is another metalization layer for making a common electrical connection to the array of photodiodes. Overlying the mesa surfaces is a layer of passivation which contains a fixed positive charge. The charge creates an inversion layer within the surface of the base layer exposed along the mesa walls, thereby enlarging the p-n junction of each photodiode. Radiation impinging on a lower surface of the transparent substrate passes through the substrate and into the buffer layer, which is also transparent. Transmitted through the buffer layer, the radiation is absorbed within that portion of the base layer contained within each mesa, resulting in the generation of diode currents.

摘要翻译： 用于检测中波长红外辐射的HgCdTe光电二极管阵列具有由衬底，重掺杂宽带隙缓冲层和更轻掺杂的窄带隙基底层组成的层叠结构。 通过基底层完全蚀刻两组正交设置的U形槽，并且部分地穿过缓冲层，从而形成多个台面状结构。 覆盖在每个台面内的基层的部分是具有相反导电性的覆盖层。 每个台面内的基底和覆盖层的接合部形成光电二极管。 与每个覆盖层接触是用于将底层二极管连接到读出装置的金属化区域。 与缓冲层接触的是用于与光电二极管阵列进行公共电连接的另一金属化层。 覆盖台面表面是一层含有固定正电荷的钝化层。 电荷在沿着台面壁暴露的基底层的表面内产生反转层，从而放大每个光电二极管的p-n结。 照射在透明基板的下表面上的辐射通过基板并进入也是透明的缓冲层。 通过缓冲层传输，辐射被吸收在包含在每个台面内的基底层的那部分内，导致二极管电流的产生。

公开(公告)号：US20100327387A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-30

申请号：US12492903

申请日：2009-06-26

申请人： Ichiro Kasai ,  Justin G. A. Wehner

发明人： Ichiro Kasai ,  Justin G. A. Wehner

IPC分类号： H01L31/107 ,  H01L21/22

CPC分类号： H01L31/107

摘要： A photodiode may include a first region comprising substantially intrinsic semiconductor material, the region having a first side and a second side opposite to the first side. The photodiode may also include a second region comprising highly-doped p-type semiconductor material formed proximate to the first side of the first region. The photodiode may additionally include a third region comprising highly-doped n-type semiconductor material formed proximate to the second side of the first region. The photodiode may further include a fourth region comprising one of: (i) highly-doped p-type semiconductor formed between the first region and the third region, or (ii) highly-doped n-type semiconductor formed between the first region and the second region.

摘要翻译： 光电二极管可以包括包括基本上本征半导体材料的第一区域，该区域具有第一侧和与第一侧相对的第二侧。 光电二极管还可以包括第二区域，其包括在第一区域的第一侧附近形成的高掺杂p型半导体材料。 光电二极管可以另外包括第三区域，其包括在第一区域的第二侧附近形成的高掺杂的n型半导体材料。 光电二极管还可以包括第四区域，其包括以下之一：（i）在第一区域和第三区域之间形成的高掺杂的p型半导体，或者（ii）形成在第一区域和第三区域之间的高掺杂n型半导体 第二区。

公开(公告)号：US06914726B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-05

申请号：US09421575

申请日：1999-10-20

申请人： Ichiro Kasai

发明人： Ichiro Kasai

IPC分类号： G02B27/02 ,  G02B23/14 ,  G03B17/20 ,  G03H1/22 ,  G02B27/14

CPC分类号： G02B23/14 ,  G03B17/20 ,  Y10S359/90

摘要： A viewing optical system of an optical apparatus has an objective system for forming an image of an object and an eyepiece system for enlarging and directing the image to the pupil. The viewing optical system also has a hologram combiner comprising holograms of the volume type, phase type, and reflective type and having optical power for constructing a surface which is optically equivalent to the image surface at a different position than the image when viewed from the pupil. The system also includes an information display means for displaying information at the position of the equivalent surface, wherein the hologram combiner transmits light from the image and reflects light from the information display means so as to allow viewing of an image together with the information display overlaid onto the image.

摘要翻译： 光学装置的观察光学系统具有用于形成物体的图像的目标系统和用于将图像放大并引导到瞳孔的目镜系统。 观察光学系统还具有包括体积型，相位型和反射型全息图的全息组合器，并且具有光学功率，用于构建与从瞳孔观察时的图像不同的位置处的与图像表面相当的表面 。 该系统还包括用于在等效表面的位置显示信息的信息显示装置，其中全息组合器透过来自图像的光并反射来自信息显示装置的光，以便能够与覆盖的信息显示一起观看图像 到图像上

公开(公告)号：US06447122B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-10

申请号：US09468405

申请日：1999-12-20

申请人： Yasushi Kobayashi ,  Soh Ohzawa ,  Ichiro Kasai

发明人： Yasushi Kobayashi ,  Soh Ohzawa ,  Ichiro Kasai

IPC分类号： G03B2114

CPC分类号： G03B21/28 ,  G02B17/086 ,  G02B27/0172 ,  G02B27/144 ,  G03B21/006

摘要： A compact, high resolution projection imaged display device using a reflective-type display element which uniformly illuminates the entirety of the display element without reducing illumination efficiency and ensures viewing conditions of excellent and uniform brightness extending to the fringe of the field of view is provided by an illumination optical system for redirecting illumination light from an illumination light source onto a reflective-type display element. The reflective-type display element reflects light into the viewing optical system wherein the illumination optical system is constructed so as to have an approximate conjugate relationship between the pupil of the user and the illumination light from the illumination light source.

摘要翻译： 一种紧凑，高分辨率的投影成像显示装置，其使用均匀地照亮整个显示元件而不降低照明效率的反射型显示元件，并且确保延伸到视野边缘的优异且均匀的亮度的观看条件由 照明光学系统，用于将照明光源的照明光重定向到反射型显示元件。 反射型显示元件将光反射到观察光学系统中，其中照明光学系统被构造成在用户的光瞳和来自照明光源的照明光之间具有近似的共轭关系。

公开(公告)号：US06259569B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-10

申请号：US09086029

申请日：1998-05-28

申请人： Ichiro Kasai

发明人： Ichiro Kasai

IPC分类号： G02B1514

CPC分类号： G02B15/173

摘要： An objective optical system has at least three lens units having positive, negative, and positive optical powers. A fourth lens unit can have either negative or positive optical power. The system satisfies at least one of: (A) 0.15≦&bgr;4W/FLWobj≦0.28, where &bgr;4W represents image forming magnification of fourth lens unit at wide angle end, and FLWobj represents focal length of the system at wide angle end, and (B) the third lens unit being a biconvex lens element which satisfies the relationship Nd3≧1.6, where Nd3 represents d-line refractive index of lens material of the biconvex lens element. The system can also satisfy the relationship 0.038≦1/FL1≦0.068 where FL1 represents focal length of first lens unit. The third lens unit can have at least one aspherical surface which, relative to a height Y in an optional direction perpendicular to the optical axis such that 0.7Ymax

摘要翻译： 物镜光学系统具有至少三个具有正，负和正光焦度的透镜单元。 第四透镜单元可以具有负的或正的光焦度。 该系统满足以下至少一个：（A）0.15 <=β4W/ FLWobj <= 0.28，其中β4W表示广角端的第四透镜单元的图像形成倍率，FLWobj表示广角端系统的焦距， （B）第三透镜单元是满足Nd3> = 1.6的双凸透镜元件，其中Nd3表示双凸透镜元件的透镜材料的d线折射率。 该系统还可以满足0.038 <= 1 / FL1 <= 0.068的关系，其中FL1表示第一透镜单元的焦距。 第三透镜单元可以具有至少一个非球面，其相对于垂直于光轴的任意方向上的高度Y，使得0.7Ymax