摘要:
Mirror-polishing of a silicon wafer is conducted using an abrasive agent which contains silica as a principal ingredient, and either one of the ingredients set forth at (1) and (2): (1) an ingredient which is selected from alkali sulfide, alkali hydrogensulfide, and the mixture thereof; and (2) a chelate agent which contains at least &agr;-benzoinoxime, diethyldithiocarbamic acid, cupferron, xanthogenic acid, neocupferron, beryllon II, &bgr;-quinolinol, 1,1,1-trifluoro-3(2-thenoyl)acetone, dimethylglyoxime, and 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol.
摘要:
A control circuit for outputting a signal for controlling an amount of light emitted from a plurality of light emitting elements. The control circuit includes a controller or CPU, and a D/A converter outputting a signal for setting a voltage in multiple gradation in accordance with a lighting state of the light emitting element. An amplifying circuit amplifies an output of the D/A converter and outputs an amplified output as a control signal. A reference voltage generating circuit generates a reference voltage and a comparator compares the control signal with the reference voltage. The controller varies an output of the D/A converter based on the result of comparison by the comparator, to adjust the output of the D/A converter so that the control signal is equivalent to the reference voltage. Accordingly each voltage is reset in the multiple gradation to allow the light emitting element to appropriately emit light based on the adjusted output. As a result, a plurality of light emitting elements can be controlled stably without using a high precision circuit element.
摘要:
A gear shift device for motor vehicles in which a fluid pressure production unit is arranged between a gear shift mechanism and a damper device and is connected directly with a drive input member. In the damper device for the gear shift device, the gear shift mechanism is connected through a first output member to the drive input member. The fluid pressure production unit is simultaneously connected to the input member through a second output member. Therefore, the torsional rigidity of the damper device can be set small enough to restrain the neutral noise associated with gear shift devices.
摘要:
A belt including a main body formed into an endless configuration with a plurality of substantially equally pitched approximately round shafts embedded in the main body. Also included are a plurality of wires engaged along nearly an entire lengthwise portion of each of the shafts. The wires can be interlaced with the shafts or wound on the shafts and the wires can be a twisted thread of organic fiber, inorganic fiber, or glass fiber. The main body can be made of rubber of high rigidity having a longitudinal elastic coefficient of approximately 10-140 kg/mm.sup.2. The main body could also be made of refractory synthetic resin having a longitudinal elastic coefficient of 5-150 kg/mm.sup.2. Each shaft can be of substantially the same diameter along its entire length.
摘要:
A brake device for an in-wheel motor according to the invention can be easily attached to inside of the wheel. The vehicle wheel is driven by the in-wheel motor attached to the inside of the wheel. The in-wheel motor transmits the rotation of the rotor to the vehicle wheel with a speed reduced by the planetary gear set. In the brake device, the brake motor is rotated to move the plunger in an axial direction. Thus, the brake device squeezes or presses the disc which rotates with the rotor with the first pad and the second pad to apply braking force between the rotor and the planetary gear set. Accordingly, there is no need to prepare a hydraulic pressure source, a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic pressure conduit system and the brake device can be decreased in size and can be easily attached to the inside of the wheel.
摘要:
Program reservation information is input to a recording-medium image recording apparatus, and a recording medium is selected. In the event that automatic updating (overwriting) of the recording medium is set in a state wherein automatic recording to the recording medium has been set, simply inserting the recording medium in that state into the device starts a reservation image recording mode, whereby program reservation is executed, and the recording medium is overwritten by image recording from the top at all times regardless of the contents of the recording medium.
摘要:
A control system for an automatic transmission includes a torque converter which hydraulically transmits rotation of the driving power source to the speed change gear unit, a first friction engagement element, a second friction engagement element, a third friction engagement element, a vehicle stopping detecting mechanism for detecting a vehicle stopped condition when a forward driving range is selected, a vehicle weight detector, and a controller. The controller controls the disengagement of the first and second friction engagement elements and the engagement of the third friction engagement element with an engaging force in response to the vehicle weight when the vehicle stopped condition is detected while the forward driving range is selected.
摘要:
An automatic transmission system in an automobile having an engine, a brake, a throttle valve, a shift lever, a clutch, and transmission gears associated with synchromesh systems. The automatic transmission system includes a throttle actuator for actuating the throttle valve, a clutch actuator for actuating the clutch, a gear selection actuator for selectively actuating the synchromesh systems to shift the transmission gears, a fluid-pressure control unit for applying working fluid pressures to the gear selection actuator, and an electronic control unit for issuing control signals to the throttle actuator, the clutch actuator, and the fluid-pressure control unit in response to detected signals indicative of a rotational speed of the engine, an operation of the brake, an operative position of the throttle valve, a selected position of the shift lever, a releasing position of the clutch, and a speed of travel of the automobile.