Abstract:
The invention relates to an apparatus for heat-mass exchange processes with participation of a liquid, comprising at least one sprinkling device installed in the casing with a provision for rotation around its own axis and made up from chutes curved into a multiple-start spiral diverging from the axis of the sprinkling device. At least the peripheral portions of at least two chutes, as they gradually recede from the axis of the sprinkling device, are displaced in a direction parallel to the axis of the sprinkling device so that the peripheral ends of the chutes are arranged in different planes which are perpendicular to the axis of the sprinkling device.
Abstract:
A sulfonation apparatus comprising a plurality of vertical first-stage reaction tubes in which the sulfonatable material and an SO.sub.3 -containing gas are flowed upwardly from the lower ends thereof and a single vertical second-stage reaction tube in which the reaction products from the upper ends of all of the first-stage reaction tubes are combined and are flowed downwardly together with fresh SO.sub.3 -containing gas in order to complete the sulfonation reaction.
Abstract:
Heat and/or mass transmission between two or more phases is accomplished by a helical guide for both phases inside a column flowing either in counter-current or in co-current. The phase with a higher specific mass flows within the column along a continuous track formed by an outer helix; the phase with a lower specific mass flows along an internal helix within the column. These flows are brought about by suitable elements which are built-in in a cylindrical column.
Abstract:
DICYCLOPENTADIENE IS THERMALLY SPLIT TO YIELD CYCLOPENTADIENE BY FIRST EVAPORATING DICYCLOPENTADIENE IN A FILM EVAPORATOR, CARRYING THE VAPOR TO A TUBE-TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER, CRACKING THR VAPOR AND RECTIFYING THE CYCLOPENTADIENE. CRACKING IS CARRIED OUT AT 270-400*C., THE VAPOR BEING PASSED THROUGH THE HEAT EXCHANGER AT A VELOCITY SUCH TO YIELD A RESIDENCE TIME OF 6-12 SECONDS IN A TURBULENT FLOW. CYCLOPENTADIENE OF ABOUT 99.9% PURITY IS OBTAINED, AND THE CONVERSION RATE IS OVER 90%.
Abstract:
A REACTOR HEAD FOR A SULFONATION REACTOR IN WHICH THE FEED GAP FOR THE INNER ORIFICE RING IS ADJUSTABLE AND THE FEED GAP FOR THE OUTER ORIFICE RING IS SEPARATELY ADJUSTABLE, THE ADJUSTING MECHANISMS FOR THE INNER AND OUTER RINGS ARE CALIBRATED SO THAT AN OPERATOR MAY AT ALL TIMES BE AWARE OF THE SIZE OF THE GAP. THE INNER AND OUTER GAPS MAY RANGE FROM ZERO GAP TO AS LARGE A GAP AS MAY BE DESIRED.