Abstract:
There is provided an adapter device for connecting and interfacing a transceiver module in conformance with first mechanical specifications and first connector specifications into a host socket adapted to receive transceiver modules in conformance with second mechanical specifications and second connector specifications. The adapter device comprises: a rigid-flex circuit board having first and second levels of rigid circuit board portions and a flexible circuit board portion interconnecting the two levels to convey high-speed electrical signals therebetween, the two levels being integral with said flexible circuit board portion; a first connector mounted on the first level of rigid circuit board and in conformance with the first connector specifications, for electrically connecting the transceiver module to the adapter device to convey high-speed signals; and a second connector mounted on the second level of rigid circuit board and in conformance with the second connector specifications, for electrically connecting the adapter device into the host socket to convey high-speed signals.
Abstract:
A portable inspection probe for the inspection of a recessed mating surface of an optical fiber connector is provided. In one variant, the portable inspection probe includes a digital holographic detection module operable to digitally record a hologram of the recessed mating surface, and a rigid probe tip configured to be optically coupled to the digital holographic detection module and shaped to provide optical access to the recessed mating surface. In another variant, the portable inspection probe is to be used with a rigid probe tip connectable thereto, and the digital holographic detection module includes a probing optical assembly not traversed by a reference beam and configured to direct an object beam onto the recessed mating surface and to collect the object beam upon reflection thereof by the recessed mating surface. An inspection system and an inspection method are also provided.
Abstract:
There is provided an optical reflectometric method and system for characterizing an optical fiber link, wherein events in the fiber optic link under test are identified and values of parameters characterizing the events (e.g. location, insertion loss and reflectance) are extracted from an analysis of one or more reflectometric measurements performed on the optical fiber link. A loss profile and/or a reflectance profile are then constructed. The loss and reflectance profiles are typically displayed on screen or otherwise graphically represented for an operator to be able to appreciate the measurement results at a single glance.
Abstract:
There is provided an adapter tip to be employed with an optical-fiber connector-endface inspection microscope device and an optical-fiber connector endface inspection microscope system suitable for imaging two non-parallel APC optical-fiber endfaces of a duplex (i.e., APC trans-duplex) optical-fiber connector. Because the two optical-fiber endfaces of an APC trans-duplex connector are angled-polished (APC) in different directions (non-parallel), inspection light reflected on the two endfaces take diverging pathways. A single-fiber or multi-fiber inspection microscope therefore cannot allow inspection of both optical-fiber endfaces at once. The proposed adapter tip or microscope system comprises relay optics defining two imaging paths (one for each optical-fiber endface), wherein each imaging path comprises at least one optical component (e.g., an optical prism) used to deviate inspection light from each endface towards the optical axis of the objective lens, such that both endfaces may be imaged within the field of view of the inspection microscope.
Abstract:
An embodiment involves obtaining a tabular data set with columns that characterize items relating to behavior of components of a communication network; constructing a frequent-pattern tree, each node being associated with: (i) an item-name for representing an item, (ii) a count of transactions from a root node of the tree to the respective node, and (iii) node-links that refer to other nodes in the tree that represent items having the same item-name; traversing the tree to identify a set of nodes with counts greater than a predefined support threshold; generating, from the nodes, association-rules that are based on antecedent items associated with a target item; reducing the association-rules by (i) removing the association-rules in which the antecedent items thereof are a superset or subset of the antecedent items of a further association-rule, or (ii) combining the association-rules that have antecedent items that are at least partially disjoint and conditionally dependent.
Abstract:
There is provided a technique to reduce the Rayleigh coherence noise in OTDR measurements using spectral averaging of OTDR traces while at least partly cancelling chromatic dispersion pulse broadening on the averaged OTDR trace by applying a chromatic dispersion correction prior to averaging the OTDR traces. By correcting for chromatic dispersion pulse broadening, it allows to reduce the Rayleigh coherence noise without impacting the OTDR spatial resolution.
Abstract:
There is provided a method and an apparatus of fiber optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) which use a simple, reliable and robust signal processing for amplitude-based DAS measurements. 1) The lack of linearity of the amplitude-based DAS measurements (due to its unpredictable variation of the transfer function along the fiber) can be improved by normalizing the amplitude vs distance using an amplitude-normalization trace obtained from either a) coherent laser OTDR measurements with laser frequency dithering or b) computing a normalization trace from the coherent OTDR/DAS traces and the un-coherent OTDR/DAS traces. 2) Instrument offset (e.g., due to low vertical sampling resolution) may further be corrected using un-coherent OTDR/DAS traces to extract an instrument system offset.
Abstract:
There is provided a method and an apparatus of fiber optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) which can use low-cost coherent laser as well as low-cost acquisition and processing electronics and which can still provide reliable monitoring results for optical fiber monitoring and troubleshooting applications in optical fiber telecommunication networks. Such low-cost solution is made possible by employing grouped data signal processing. Data is processed over independent groups of data to provide an independent DAS signal for each group. This allows measurements to be less sensitive to laser fluctuations and thereby reduces coherent laser technical specification requirements and allows the use of a low-cost coherent laser (thereby reducing the cost of the laser) as well as low-cost acquisition and processing electronics.
Abstract:
There are provided an optical-fiber connector endface inspection microscope system and a method for inspecting an endface of an optical-fiber connector. The inspection microscope device is releasably connectable to an adapter tip configured to interface with the optical-fiber connector to inspect the endface thereof. The adapter tip is one among a plurality of adapter tip types adapted to inspect respective types of optical-fiber connectors. The optical-fiber connector endface inspection microscope system comprises a tip detection system adapted to recognize the type of the adapter tip among the plurality of adapter tip types; and is configured to analyze inspection images to produce an inspection result for the endface, at least partly based on a fiber type corresponding to the recognized adapter tip and/or other information read by the tip detection system.
Abstract:
There is herein provided a method for measuring the GOSNR that can be implemented using commercial-grade transceivers and which accounts for linear optical impairments (e.g. PMD, PDL and CD) and transceiver intrinsic impairments. The method may be implemented using an Optical Spectrum Analyzer (OSA) and either the system transceivers or other commercial-grade transceivers. The proposed measurement method is based on mixed optical and electronic technologies, using an OSA and a transceiver pair. By measuring a signal quality metric Qm and the OSNR under varied power and ASE noise conditions, a constant value RBW that relates the GOSNR to the signal quality metric Qm is derived. The GOSNR is then obtained from these results.