Abstract:
Novel structures and methods for evaluating lines in semiconductor integrated circuits. A first plurality of lines are formed on a wafer each of which includes multiple line sections. All the line sections are of the same length. The electrical resistances of the line sections are measured. Then, a first line geometry adjustment is determined based on the electrical resistances of all the sections. The first line geometry adjustment represents an effective reduction of cross-section size of the lines due to grain boundary electrical resistance. A second plurality of lines of same length and thickness can be formed on the same wafer. Then, second and third line geometry adjustments are determined based on the electrical resistances of these lines measured at different temperatures. The second and third line geometry adjustments represent an effective reduction of cross-section size of the lines due to grain boundary electrical resistance and line surface roughness.
Abstract:
A battery charger for charging a battery through controlling a charging regulation circuit is provided. The battery charger includes a current sensing unit and an operational amplifier. The current sensing unit monitors a charging current applied to the battery when the battery charger operates under a constant current mode, thereby generating a first regulation signal to the charging regulation circuit. The operational amplifier compares a battery voltage of the battery with a first reference voltage to generate a comparison result. When the battery charger operates under the constant current mode, the comparison result controls a charging mode transition from the constant current mode to a constant voltage mode. When the battery charger operates under the constant voltage mode, the comparison result acts as a second regulation signal to control the charging regulation circuit.
Abstract:
A ball chain comprises a sequence of balls and an longitudinally elongated spacing chain having a sequence of holes thereon for receiving the balls. The spacing chain further includes a sequence of spacers interposed between the balls whereby the balls will be separated to each other, at least two longitudinally extended flexible strip and a plurality of transverse flexible connecting beam whose two ends respectively are connected to the longitudinal flexible strip, whereby the spacers attach to said connecting beam through an elastic member. The spacers can accordingly deflect and twist freely and the transverse flexible connecting beam can keep as long as possible and provide the best flexibility for being bent in various directions. Therefore, the ball chain can run in a three-dimensionally direction-chain recirculation channel smoothly and with low resistance.
Abstract:
A linear guide device comprises a rail, at least a slide member and multiple rows of rolling elements. The slide member comprises a rigid body; a bottom frame; a pair of end caps and a pair of reinforce plates. The rail and rigid body provide multiple rows of raceways opposed for the rolling elements. The bottom frame contains a plurality of lubricant reservoirs with lubrication pads inside and directly outstretch from the openings of said lubricant reservoirs to contact with the rolling elements in the raceway zone to supply lubricant on the rolling elements continuously. There are passages or tubes, having lubricating string inside, connecting the extending lubricant reservoirs. Two reinforce plates, each having two extending plates folded and stretched to the bottom of the two leg portions of the rigid body, and are attached on two end caps.
Abstract:
A pixel including a transistor, a liquid crystal capacitor, a storage capacitor and a coupling capacitor is provided. The first end of the transistor is connected to a data line, the liquid crystal capacitor and the storage capacitor are coupled between the second end of the transistor and a common voltage, and the coupling capacitor is connected between the second end of the transistor and a select line. After a driving voltage is outputted to the liquid crystal capacitor and the storage capacitor by the data line, the select line inputs a pulse signal to the liquid crystal capacitor through the coupling capacitor. The pulse signal is capable of increasing the ability of the electric field for driving the liquid crystal so that the liquid crystal can still display normally in the bend state even though the lowest pixel voltage is lower than the critical voltage.
Abstract:
A battery charger for charging a battery through controlling a charging regulation circuit is provided. The battery charger includes a constant voltage mode controller, a current sensing unit, and a reference voltage generator. The constant voltage mode controller is for comparing a battery voltage of the battery with a first reference voltage to generate a regulation signal, and utilizing the regulation signal to control the charging regulation circuit to regulate a charging current applied to the battery. The current sensing unit is for monitoring the charging current to generate an error signal. The reference voltage generator is for setting the first reference voltage according to the error signal. By adding a voltage generator to the battery charger, the overshoot charging current will be reduced and the mode transition will become smooth.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a nonvolatile memory such as, for example a ROM or an EPROM, in which the information density of the memory is increased relative to a conventional nonvolatile memory that includes two logic state devices. Specifically, the nonvolatile memory of the present invention includes a SiN/TaN/SiN thin film resistor embedded within a material having a thermal conductivity of about 1 W/m-K or less; and a non-linear Si-containing device coupled to the resistor. Read and write circuits and operations are also provided in the present application.
Abstract:
A liquid crystal display panel and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The liquid crystal display panel comprises a color filter substrate and a thin film transistor array substrate arranged in parallel and a liquid crystal layer between the substrates. In addition, several spacers are disposed on a black matrix of the color filter substrate. These spacers lean on the edge of at least one of the gate layer lines and source layer lines on the thin film transistor array substrate. The invention increases the bonding stability between the color filter substrate and the thin film transistor array substrate so that the reliability and display quality of the liquid crystal display panel is improved.
Abstract:
A method for trimming impedance matching devices in high-speed circuits includes determining an electrical parameter associated with a first tantalum nitride (TaN) resistor used as an impedance matching device in the circuit under test, and comparing the determined electrical parameter associated with the first TaN resistor to a desired design value of the electrical parameter. The resistance value of the first TaN resistor is altered by application of a trimming voltage thereto, wherein the trimming voltage is based on a voltage-resistance characteristic curve of the first TaN resistor. It is then determined whether the altered resistance value of the first TaN resistor causes the electrical parameter to equal the desired design value thereof, and the altering of the resistance value of the first TaN resistor by application of a trimming voltage is repeated until the electrical parameter equals the desired design value thereof.
Abstract:
A computer integrated with traditional telephone and VoIP includes a network module, a south bridge chip and a telecom adapter module. The network module is connected to the Internet for providing an Internet connection function to enable the computer to make or receive a VoIP call. The south bridge chip is connected to the network module. The telecom adapter module includes a first telecom port for connecting to a traditional phone, a second telecom port for connecting to a PSTN, and a connection interface. The telecom adapter module is connected to the south bridge chip via the connection interface to thereby enable the traditional phone to make or answer a VoIP call via the telecom adapter module, the south bridge and the network module.