公开(公告)号：US08674304B2

公开(公告)日：2014-03-18

申请号：US13097866

申请日：2011-04-29

Applicant: Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Jingle Liu

Inventor： Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Jingle Liu

IPC: G01J5/02

CPC classification number: G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/1702 ,  G01N21/3577 ,  G01N21/3586 ,  G01N2021/1704

Abstract: Methods and systems for characterizing a plasma with radiation, particularly, terahertz (THz) radiation, are disclosed. The disclosed method of characterizing a plasma includes directing THz radiation into the plasma; and detecting an emission due to interaction of the THz radiation with the plasma to characterize the plasma. A disclosed plasma characterizing device includes a means for directing THz radiation into a plasma; and a detector adapted to detect an emission emitted by the plasma due to interaction of the THz radiation with the plasma to characterize the plasma. A plasma characterizing system is also disclosed. The emission detected may be a fluorescence, a variation in fluorescence and/or an acoustic emission.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于表征具有辐射特别是太赫兹（THz）辐射的等离子体的方法和系统。 所公开的表征等离子体的方法包括将THz辐射引入等离子体; 并且检测由于THz辐射与等离子体的相互作用引起的发射以表征等离子体。 公开的等离子体表征装置包括用于将太赫兹辐射引导到等离子体中的装置; 以及检测器，其适于检测由于THz辐射与等离子体的相互作用而发射的等离子体的发射以表征等离子体。 还公开了等离子体表征系统。 检测到的发射可以是荧光，荧光和/或声发射的变化。

公开(公告)号：US08134128B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-13

申请号：US12634282

申请日：2009-12-09

Applicant: Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Jianming Dai ,  Xu Xie

Inventor： Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Jianming Dai ,  Xu Xie

IPC: G01J5/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/443 ,  G01N21/3581 ,  G01N21/718 ,  G01N2021/1761 ,  G01N2021/1795 ,  G01N2201/0697

Abstract: A method of analyzing a remotely-located object includes the step of illuminating at least a portion of a targeted object with electromagnetic radiation to induce a phase transformation in the targeted object, wherein the phase transformation produces an emitter plasma, which emits terahertz radiation. The method also includes the step of ionizing a volume of an ambient gas to produce a sensor plasma by focusing an optical probe beam in the volume and the step of detecting an optical component of resultant radiation produced from an interaction of the focused optical probe beam and the terahertz radiation in the sensor plasma. Detecting an optical component of the resultant radiation emitted by the sensor plasma facilitates detection of a characteristic fingerprint of the targeted object imposed onto the terahertz radiation produced as a result of the induced phase transformation.

Abstract translation: 分析遥远物体的方法包括用电磁辐射照射目标物体的至少一部分以引起目标物体中的相变的步骤，其中相变产生发射太赫兹辐射的发射体等离子体。 该方法还包括使体积的环境气体电离以通过将光学探针束聚焦在体积中来产生传感器等离子体的步骤，以及检测由聚焦的光学探针光束和 传感器等离子体中的太赫兹辐射。 检测由传感器等离子体发射的所得辐射的光学部件有助于检测施加在由感应相变所产生的太赫兹辐射上的目标物体的特征指纹。

公开(公告)号：US20110036984A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-17

申请号：US12855332

申请日：2010-08-12

Applicant: Xi-Cheng ZHANG ,  Pengyu HAN ,  Yuting W. CHEN

Inventor： Xi-Cheng ZHANG ,  Pengyu HAN ,  Yuting W. CHEN

IPC: H01L31/0232 ,  H01L31/09 ,  G02B1/11

CPC classification number: G02B1/118

Abstract: A broadband anti-reflection apparatus for use with terahertz radiation includes a layer having an outer surface comprising a plurality of pyramid structures having about a 30 μm to about a 110 μm period, and wherein reflectance of the terahertz radiation is reduced compared to a layer comprising a planar outer surface. Also disclosed is a method for modifying terahertz radiation which includes receiving terahertz radiation on a device having an anti-reflection layer having an outer surface comprising a plurality of pyramid structures having about a 30 μm to a 110 μm period, and modifying the terahertz radiation passing through the device or processing the terahertz radiation in the device.

Abstract translation: 一种与太赫兹辐射一起使用的宽带抗反射装置包括具有外表面的层，该层具有包括大约30μm至大约110μm周期的多个金字塔结构，并且与包括以下的层相比，太赫兹辐射的反射率降低： 平面外表面。 还公开了一种用于修改太赫兹辐射的方法，其包括在具有抗反射层的装置上接收太赫兹辐射，所述抗反射层具有外表面，该外表面包括具有约30μm至110μm周期的多个金字塔结构，并且修改太赫兹辐射通过 通过设备或处理设备中的太赫兹辐射。

公开(公告)号：US20110006226A1

公开(公告)日：2011-01-13

申请号：US12886131

申请日：2010-09-20

Applicant: Brian SCHULKIN ,  Xi-Cheng ZHANG ,  Thomas TONGUE ,  Jingzhou XU ,  Jian CHEN

Inventor： Brian SCHULKIN ,  Xi-Cheng ZHANG ,  Thomas TONGUE ,  Jingzhou XU ,  Jian CHEN

IPC: G21G4/00 ,  H01J29/02

CPC classification number: G21K5/00 ,  B33Y80/00 ,  G01J4/00 ,  G01N21/211 ,  G01N21/3581 ,  H01S5/02236 ,  H01S2302/02

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for detecting variations in electromagnetic fields, in particular, terahertz (THz) electromagnetic fields, are provided. The methods and apparatus employ polarization detection devices and controllers to maintain or vary the polarization of modulated signals as desired. The methods and apparatus are provided to characterize electromagnetic fields by directing the electromagnetic field and a probe beam upon an electro-crystal and detecting the modulation of the resulting probe beam. Detection of the modulation of the probe beam is practiced by detecting and comparing the polarization components of the modulated probe beam. Aspects of the invention may be used to analyze or detect explosives, explosive related compounds, and pharmaceuticals, among other substances. A compact apparatus, modular optical devices for use with the apparatus, sample holders, and radiation source mounts are also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于检测电磁场，特别是太赫兹（THz）电磁场的变化的方法和装置。 所述方法和装置使用偏振检测装置和控制器来根据需要维持或改变调制信号的极化。 提供的方法和装置用于通过将电磁场和探针光束引导到电晶体上并检测所得到的探针光束的调制来表征电磁场。 通过检测和比较调制探测光束的偏振分量来实现探测光束的调制的检测。 本发明的方面可用于分析或检测爆炸物，爆炸性相关化合物和药物等物质。 还公开了一种紧凑的装置，用于装置，样品架和辐射源底座的模块化光学装置。

公开(公告)号：US07652253B2

公开(公告)日：2010-01-26

申请号：US11835152

申请日：2007-08-07

Applicant: Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Jianming Dai ,  Xu Xie

Inventor： Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Jianming Dai ,  Xu Xie

IPC: G01J5/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/443 ,  G01N21/3581 ,  G01N21/718 ,  G01N2021/1761 ,  G01N2021/1795 ,  G01N2201/0697

Abstract: A method of analyzing a remotely-located object includes the step of illuminating at least a portion of a targeted object with electromagnetic radiation to induce a phase transformation in the targeted object, wherein the phase transformation produces an emitter plasma, which emits terahertz radiation. The method also includes the step of ionizing a volume of an ambient gas to produce a sensor plasma by focusing an optical probe beam in the volume and the step of detecting an optical component of resultant radiation produced from an interaction of the focused optical probe beam and the terahertz radiation in the sensor plasma. Detecting an optical component of the resultant radiation emitted by the sensor plasma facilitates detection of a characteristic fingerprint of the targeted object imposed onto the terahertz radiation produced as a result of the induced phase transformation.

Abstract translation: 分析遥远物体的方法包括用电磁辐射照射目标物体的至少一部分以引起目标物体中的相变的步骤，其中相变产生发射太赫兹辐射的发射体等离子体。 该方法还包括使体积的环境气体电离以通过将光学探针束聚焦在体积中来产生传感器等离子体的步骤，以及检测由聚焦的光学探针光束和 传感器等离子体中的太赫兹辐射。 检测由传感器等离子体发射的所得辐射的光学部件有助于检测施加在由感应相变所产生的太赫兹辐射上的目标物体的特征指纹。

公开(公告)号：US20090066948A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-12

申请号：US11851476

申请日：2007-09-07

Applicant: Nicholas Karpowicz ,  Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Keith H. Johnson ,  Matthew Price-Gallagher

Inventor： Nicholas Karpowicz ,  Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Keith H. Johnson ,  Matthew Price-Gallagher

IPC: G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/3586

Abstract: Compact terahertz spectrometer. The spectrometer includes an optical beam both for generating terahertz radiation for interaction with the sample and for use in a detector. A DC heterodyne detector uses a DC field-induced second harmonic wave at a sensor plasma to serve as a local oscillator. The spectrometer has a bandwidth orders of magnitude larger than conventional THz spectrometers.

Abstract translation: 紧凑型太赫兹光谱仪。 光谱仪包括用于产生与样品相互作用并用于检测器的太赫兹辐射的光束。 DC外差检测器使用传感器等离子体处的DC场诱发的二次谐波作为本地振荡器。 光谱仪的带宽数量级大于传统的THz光谱仪。

公开(公告)号：US07368280B2

公开(公告)日：2008-05-06

申请号：US10515607

申请日：2003-05-22

Applicant: Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Samuel Peter Mickan ,  Abdellah Menikh

Inventor： Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Samuel Peter Mickan ,  Abdellah Menikh

IPC: C12M1/34 ,  C12M3/00

CPC classification number: G01N33/54373 ,  G01N21/3577 ,  G01N21/3586

Abstract: A method for detecting specific associations between a tethered molecule and an untethered target molecule. The method comprises (1) selecting a tethered molecule; (2) alternately impinging THz radiation onto the tethered molecule and onto a sample including the tethered and untethered target molecules; (3) detecting the radiation impinged on the tethered molecule to form a reference signal and the radiation impinged on the sample to form a sample signal; and (4) comparing the reference signal with the sample signal to generate a specimen signal indicative of an association between the selected tethered and target molecules. The method will detect whether a selected tethered molecule and the desired target exhibit any affinity or, in cases where the affinity is known, will detect the presence of the target molecule in a sample. Also provided is an apparatus for detecting specific associations between a tethered molecule and an untethered target molecule.

Abstract translation: 一种用于检测系留分子和无束缚靶分子之间的特异性关联的方法。 该方法包括：（1）选择拴系分子; （2）将THz辐射交替地撞击到束缚分子上，并且包含拴系和无束缚的靶分子的样品; （3）检测入射到束缚分子上的辐射，形成一个参考信号，射入该样本上的辐射，形成一个采样信号; 和（4）将参考信号与采样信号进行比较以产生指示所选择的系留分束和目标分子之间的关联的样本信号。 该方法将检测所选择的束缚分子和所需靶标是否表现出任何亲和力，或者在已知亲和力的情况下将检测样品中目标分子的存在。 还提供了一种用于检测系留分子和无束缚靶分子之间的特异性关联的装置。

公开(公告)号：US07242010B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-10

申请号：US11086623

申请日：2005-03-22

Applicant: Kai Liu ,  Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Jingzhou Xu

Inventor： Kai Liu ,  Xi-Cheng Zhang ,  Jingzhou Xu

IPC: G01J5/58

CPC classification number: G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G01N21/3581

Abstract: A broad bandwidth detector to measure intensity information of terahertz (THz) frequency pulses. The detector includes: coupling optics coupled to a coherent optical source; a GaSe substrate aligned such that the probe beam path intersects a first surface at a phase-matching angle; a polarization detector aligned in the probe beam path; and calculation means coupled to the polarization detector. The coupling optics direct the probe optical beam along a beam path that is substantially collinear with the pulse beam path of the THz frequency pulses. The polarization of the probe optical beam is varied based on interactions between the probe optical beam and the THz frequency pulses within the GaSe substrate. The polarization detector detects the varied polarization of the probe optical beam. The calculation means determine the intensity information of the THz frequency pulses based on the detected probe polarization of the probe optical beam.

Abstract translation: 用于测量太赫兹（THz）频率脉冲的强度信息的宽带宽检测器。 检测器包括：耦合到相干光源的耦合光学器件; GaSe衬底对准，使得探针光束路径以相位匹配角度与第一表面相交; 在探测光束路径中对准的偏振检测器; 以及耦合到偏振检测器的计算装置。 耦合光学器件沿着与THz频率脉冲的脉冲光束路径基本共线的光束路径来引导探测光束。 基于探针光束和GaSe衬底内的THz频率脉冲之间的相互作用，探针光束的极化发生变化。 偏振检测器检测探针光束的变化极化。 计算装置根据探测光束的检测探头偏振来确定THz频率脉冲的强度信息。

公开(公告)号：US07239775B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-03

申请号：US10537626

申请日：2005-03-08

Applicant: Jingzhou Xu ,  Xi-Cheng Zhang

Inventor： Jingzhou Xu ,  Xi-Cheng Zhang

IPC: G02B6/26 ,  G02B5/10 ,  H04J14/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/423 ,  G02B6/4201 ,  G02B6/4239 ,  G02B6/4244 ,  G02B6/4245 ,  G02B6/4246 ,  G02B6/4251 ,  G02B6/4257 ,  G02B6/4263 ,  G02B6/428 ,  G02B6/4281 ,  G02B6/4292 ,  Y10T29/49131 ,  Y10T29/49137

Abstract: An optical delay line for use with an optical source including input/output optics optically coupled to the optical source and a curved mirror with a reflective surface that is centered about an evolute curve of the delay line to retro-reflect light traveling along a delay line beam path tangent to the edge of the evolute curve. The input/output optics direct light from the optical source along the delay line beam path and direct delayed light from the delay line beam path out of the optical delay line along an output beam path. The input/output optics and/or the curved mirror rotate about the evolute curve at a selected angular speed. The reflective surface has a curvature based on a parametric curve that is calculated from the evolute curve such that the delay of the delay line varies according to a predetermined function as the input/output optics and/or the curved mirror rotate.

Abstract translation: 一种用于光源的光学延迟线，包括光学耦合到光源的输入/输出光学器件，以及具有以延迟线的演化曲线为中心的反射表面的曲面镜，以反射沿着延迟线行进的光 光束路径与演化曲线的边缘相切。 输入/输出光学器件沿着延迟线光束路径引导来自光源的光并且沿着输出光束路径将来自延迟线光束路径的直接延迟光从光学延迟线引出。 输入/输出光学元件和/或曲面镜以选定的角速度围绕演化曲线旋转。 反射表面具有基于从演化曲线计算的参数曲线的曲率，使得当输入/输出光学器件和/或曲面镜旋转时，延迟线的延迟根据预定功能而变化。

公开(公告)号：US20070145276A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-28

申请号：US11610824

申请日：2006-12-14

Applicant: XI-Cheng ZHANG ,  Jianming DAI ,  Xu XIE

Inventor： XI-Cheng ZHANG ,  Jianming DAI ,  Xu XIE

IPC: G01N21/35

CPC classification number: G01V8/005 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0243 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/3581 ,  G01N21/636 ,  G01S7/4802 ,  G01S13/887 ,  G01S17/026 ,  G02F1/353 ,  G02F2203/13

Abstract: A method of analyzing a remotely-located object includes the steps of inducing a volume of an ionized ambient gas to emit pulsed terahertz radiation directed toward a targeted object by focusing an optical pump beam in the volume and ionizing another volume of the ambient gas to produce a sensor plasma by focusing an optical probe beam in the other volume of ambient gas. The interaction, in the sensor plasma, of the focused optical probe beam and an incident terahertz wave, which is produced by the targeted object reflecting, scattering, or transmitting the pulsed terahertz radiation, produces a resultant radiation. Detecting an optical component of the resultant radiation emitted by the sensor plasma facilitates detection of a signature of the targeted object imposed onto the incident terahertz radiation.

Abstract translation: 分析远程物体的方法包括以下步骤：通过将光泵浦光束聚焦在体积中并使另一体积的环境气体电离以产生电离环境气体的体积，以发射朝向目标物体的脉冲太赫兹辐射 通过将光学探针光束聚焦在另一体积的环境气体中的传感器等离子体。 在传感器等离子体中，由目标物体反射，散射或传输脉冲太赫兹辐射产生的聚焦光学探针光束和入射的太赫兹波的相互作用产生合成的辐射。 检测由传感器等离子体发射的辐射的光学部件有助于检测施加在入射的太赫兹辐射上的目标物体的签名。