摘要:
The present applies to digital wavelength converters that convert, independently of the format in which optical data may be encoded, an input waveform at a first wavelength to an output waveform at a second wavelength. When operating in an environment where an input waveform has a pilot tone associated thereto, the method and system of the present disclosure allows for the removal of the pilot tone from the input waveform, and also allows for the addition of another pilot to the output waveform.
摘要:
An optical signal receiver tracks local oscillator frequency offset (LOFO) and compensates for the phase distortion introduced in the received signals as a result of utilizing the local oscillator within a coherent detection scheme. This phase distortion is basically a constant phase rotation caused by the LOFO and implementation of the receiver using coherent detection and a digital interferometer instead of a conventional (yet complex) carrier phase estimation or recovery scheme. With an optical receiver implemented in this manner, the requirement of using a precise local oscillator laser with low frequency offset is less important.
摘要:
An apparatus comprising a frequency-domain equalizer that has been iteratively generated to compensate for filtering effects of a wavelength selective switch, wherein the FDEQ is configured to process in a frequency domain digital samples of a polarization multiplexed phase-shift-keying signal that has been transported over an optical channel.
摘要:
A digital apparatus comprising a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module configured to transform a time domain optical signal into a frequency domain optical signal, a circular shifter coupled to the FFT module and configured to provide coarse frequency offset compensation to the frequency domain optical signal based on an estimated frequency offset; and a frequency offset estimation module coupled to the circular shifter and configured to provide the estimated frequency offset based on a power spectrum of the frequency domain optical signal or a data block header autocorrelation of the time domain optical signal.
摘要:
A method of optical communication comprising encoding four modulated symbols to generate four encoded symbols in two orthogonal polarizations and transmitting the four encoded symbols in two successive time slots. An optical communication apparatus comprising a processor configured to receive two sequences of digital symbols in a plurality of time slots, wherein the two sequences correspond to two components of two orthogonal polarizations, wherein one digital symbol per polarization is received in each of the plurality of time slots, divide each of the two sequences into a plurality of groups using a modulo operation of time, wherein each group comprises two digital symbols received in two consecutive time slots, and adaptively equalize the four digital symbols of the two consecutive time slots using a 4×4 matrix to generate four modulated symbols, wherein the 4×4 matrix comprises 16 tap-vectors.
摘要:
An apparatus comprising an analog-to-digital converter (ADC); a frequency-domain equalizer (FDEQ); a time-domain interpolator positioned between the ADC and the FDEQ, wherein the time domain interpolator is coupled to the ADC and the FDEQ and configured to perform a time-domain interpolation to compensate a signal sample for a plurality of ADC induced changes.
摘要:
A digital apparatus comprising a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module configured to transform a time domain optical signal into a frequency domain optical signal, a circular shifter coupled to the FFT module and configured to provide coarse frequency offset compensation to the frequency domain optical signal based on an estimated frequency offset; and a frequency offset estimation module coupled to the circular shifter and configured to provide the estimated frequency offset based on a power spectrum of the frequency domain optical signal or a data block header autocorrelation of the time domain optical signal.
摘要:
An apparatus comprising a nonlinear lookup unit (NL-LUU) configured to add a phase shift to a signal sample to compensate for pattern dependent phase distortion, and one or more first phase adjustment units coupled to NL-LUU and configured to remove from the signal sample a nonlinear phase error from the NL-LUU, wherein the signal sample corresponds to a received signal polarization component of a polarization multiplexed (PM) coherent signal in a PM coherent optical system.
摘要:
A method comprising generating a plurality of first symbols that correspond to a side band pilot tone (SBPT) signal for a plurality of data streams, mapping the first symbols into a plurality of second symbols that correspond to a plurality of signal components of the polarization multiplexed (PM) optical signal, and transmitting the second symbols in a plurality of data blocks of a PM optical signal. An apparatus comprising at least one processor coupled to a memory and configured to obtain a data block that comprises a plurality of SBPTs in a received PM optical signal, estimate a set of values for a carrier frequency and a polarization state, update a tap weight of a master equalizer based on the estimated set of values, and update a plurality of slave equalizers based on the updated tap weight of the master equalizer.
摘要:
Methods and apparatuses for IQ time skew calibration in a coherent transceiver are described. A four-channel signal is received. A set of inputs is constructed for a 4×8 MIMO equalizer by converting the four-channel signal into four complex inputs that each have a phase shift corresponding to an estimated carrier frequency offset. The set of inputs further includes conjugate replicas of the four complex inputs. Using output from the 4×8 MIMO equalizer, equalizer coefficients are calculated by minimizing error between the MIMO output and a reference signal. Receiver and transmitter IQ skew are estimated using the equalizer coefficients, by converting the equalizer coefficients form the time domain to the frequency domain to determine receiver and transmitter IQ differential phase responses, which are indicative of respective receiver and transmitter IQ skew in the time domain. Skew compensation is then performed.