摘要:
A rewriteable type optical recording medium for recording information has an information recording area for recording information and a recording/reproduction condition recording area for recording at least one recording/reproduction condition to be used in a recording/reproduction apparatus and time information representing a date on which the at least one recording/reproduction condition was recorded. A plurality of recording/reproduction conditions and a plurality of time information, each one the plurality of time information corresponding to one of the plurality of recording/reproduction conditions, can be recorded on the rewriteable type optical recording medium and overwritten on the rewriteable type optical recording medium.
摘要:
A rewriteable type optical recording medium for recording information has an information recording area for recording information and a recording/reproduction condition recording area for recording at least one recording/reproduction condition to be used in a recording/reproduction apparatus and at least one set of manufacturer information for identifying a manufacturer of a recording/reproduction apparatus which uses the at least one recording/reproduction condition. A plurality of recording/reproduction conditions and a plurality of sets of manufacturer information, each one the plurality of sets of manufacturer information corresponding to one of the plurality of recording/reproduction conditions, can be recorded on the rewriteable type optical recording medium and overwritten on the rewriteable type optical recording medium.
摘要:
Disclosed is a road surface condition estimating apparatus including: a converting portion having a table showing a relation among a vehicle speed, a braking force and a resonance gain for each road surface condition and converting a detected value of the input vehicle speed and braking force into a resonance gain on the basis of the table, a subtracting device for computing each of differences between the resonance gain for each road surface condition converted by each of the converting portions and the detected value of the input resonance gain, and a minimum value selecting portion selecting the minimum value among the computed values in the subtracting device and outputting an information of the road surface condition corresponding to the converting portion giving the minimum value.
摘要:
In a wheel condition estimating apparatus for estimating a wheel condition in a wheel resonance system including a frictional characteristic between a tire and a road surface, a transfer characteristic of the wheel resonance system from the vibration input to the output response is expressed by a transfer function including, as an unknown component of a wheel condition, a physical quantity relating to ease of a slipping between the tire and the road surface, an output response with respect to the vibration input to the wheel resonance system is detected and the unknown component which substantially satisfies the detected output response is estimated on the basis of the transfer function.
摘要:
An anti-lock braking system includes a friction torque gradient estimating unit for estimating, from a small number of parameters, the gradient of friction torque with respect to a slip speed, and controls a braking force acting on wheels on the basis of the friction torque gradient estimated by the friction torque gradient estimating unit. The friction torque gradient estimating unit may employ several types of estimating methods; e.g., a method of estimating the gradient of friction torque from only time-series data concerning a wheel speed; a method of estimating the friction torque gradient from time-series data concerning wheel deceleration as well as from braking torque or time-series data concerning physical quantities associated with the braking torque; or a method of estimating the friction torque gradient from micro-gains which are obtained when brake pressure is excited in a very small amount at the resonance frequency of a vibration system comprising a vehicle, wheels, and a road surface and which represent the characteristics of the vibration system. Further, there is also disclosed a method of determining, from the thus-estimated friction torque gradient, the limit of the characteristics of friction torque developed between the wheels and the road surface.
摘要:
According to the present invention, in an air conditioner for a vehicle, when the cool air passage is opened, the sliding door slides so as to incline with respect to the flowing direction of the cool air in such a manner that an end portion of the sliding door at a side of said cool air passage is located at the most air downstream side. That is, when the sliding door is controlled to fully open the cool air passage (i.e., the warm air passage is fully closed), for example, in the maximum cool mode, the sliding door slides while inclining with respect to the flowing cool air. In this operation, the air is blocked from flowing into the warm air passage, and such air is smoothly guided into the cool air by the sliding door, because the sliding door inclines with respect to the flowing direction of cool air, thus increasing the amount of cool air into the passenger compartment.
摘要:
An optical card including a card substrate having a recess, and an optical recording member including, in the following order, a surface hard layer, a transparent protective layer, a pattern layer, and an optical recording material layer. The optical recording member is embedded in the recess through an adhesive layer so that the optical recording material layer is in contact with the adhesive layer. The end face of the optical recording member and the side face of the recess of the card substrate respectively have particular tapers facing each other. The optical recording member is embedded in the recess of the card substrate so that the end face of the optical recording member is not exposed from the card substrate.
摘要:
A focusing control apparatus is provided for controlling focusing of a light beam on a recording medium. The apparatus includes a control mechanism for maintaining the focusing state of the light beam on the recording medium by moving a focus mechanism based on a comparison between an output signal indicative of the focusing state and a target value. The apparatus further includes a target value setting circuit for setting the target value at a first level when the light beam is irradiated on the land track portions of the recording medium; and for setting the target value at a second level when the light beam is irradiated on the groove track portions.
摘要:
A continuous form printer is provided with two rotary encoders, corresponding to different paper feed intervals, and mounted coaxially on a drive shaft. The drive shaft drives a tractor for feeding the paper. The rotary encoders are read by photo-interruptor sensors, and the sensor signals are selected by a selector. The selector is able to select either one of the sensor signals generated by the encoders, or a signal formed by performing an AND operation on the two sensor signals. A controller controls a motor driving the drive shaft according to the selected signal, the selected signal corresponding to a chosen feeding interval. The controller is further able to precisely adjust the leading edge of the paper to a predetermined position based on the selected sensor signal, a known paper length, and a paper top sensor.
摘要:
An air duct has air passages for the air to flow from the inside to the outside. An air passage switching device includes a rotary door and a film member for opening/closing and switching the air passages. The rotary door is formed with openings in its circumferential wall having an arcuate shape. The film member having ventilation holes to lap one of the openings is mounted with a slight slackness on the outer circumference of the rotary door. When this rotary door is rotationally displaced by a control cable, the air passages lapping the ventilation holes are opened, whereas the remaining air passages are closely sealed up by the film member which is expanded by a wind pressure.