公开(公告)号：US6072180A

公开(公告)日：2000-06-06

申请号：US816723

申请日：1997-03-12

申请人： Charles E. Kramer ,  Bernhard B. Sterling ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Rick Trebino ,  Richard A. King

发明人： Charles E. Kramer ,  Bernhard B. Sterling ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Rick Trebino ,  Richard A. King

IPC分类号： G01N21/35 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/01 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/71 ,  G01N25/72

CPC分类号： G01J3/42 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  G01N21/71 ,  G01N25/72 ,  G01N21/35

摘要： A spectrometer for the non-invasive generation and capture of thermal gradient spectra from human or animal tissue. The spectrometer includes an infrared transmissive thermal mass for inducing a transient temperature gradient in the tissue by means of conductive heat transfer with the tissue, and cooling means in operative combination with the thermal mass for cooling the thermal mass. Also provided is an infrared sensor means for detecting infrared emissions emanating from the tissue as the transient temperature gradient progresses into the tissue, and for providing output signals proportional to the detected infrared emissions. Data capture means is provided for sampling the output signals received from the infrared sensor means as the transient temperature gradient progresses into the tissue.

摘要翻译： 用于非侵入性生成和捕获来自人或动物组织的热梯度光谱的光谱仪。 光谱仪包括红外透射热物质，用于通过与组织的导电热传递来诱导组织中的瞬态温度梯度，以及与用于冷却热质量的热质量操作组合的冷却装置。 还提供了一种红外传感器装置，用于当瞬态温度梯度进入组织时检测从组织发出的红外辐射，并提供与检测到的红外发射成比例的输出信号。 提供数据捕获装置，用于当瞬态温度梯度进入组织时对从红外传感器装置接收的输出信号进行采样。

公开(公告)号：US07009180B2

公开(公告)日：2006-03-07

申请号：US10319409

申请日：2002-12-12

申请人： Bernhard B. Sterling ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Philip C. Hartstein ,  Robert D. Gaffney

发明人： Bernhard B. Sterling ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Philip C. Hartstein ,  Robert D. Gaffney

IPC分类号： G01N21/35

CPC分类号： A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  A61B2562/0295 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N27/3271

摘要： A method uses spectroscopy to determine an analyte concentration in a sample. The method includes producing an absorbance spectrum of the sample. The method further includes shifting the absorbance spectrum to zero in a wavelength region. The method further includes subtracting a water or other substance contribution from the absorbance spectrum.

公开(公告)号：US6049081A

公开(公告)日：2000-04-11

申请号：US093951

申请日：1998-06-08

申请人： Bernhard B. Sterling ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Charles E. Kramer ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Rick Trebino ,  Richard A. King

发明人： Bernhard B. Sterling ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Charles E. Kramer ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Rick Trebino ,  Richard A. King

IPC分类号： G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/71

CPC分类号： A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/01 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/1491 ,  G01N21/71 ,  A61B5/14539 ,  G01N21/35

摘要： Spectrometric methodology for non-invasively obtaining optical spectra from heterogeneous material for the identification and quantification of constituent compounds. There is provided a transient or steady state subsurface thermal gradient spectroscopic methodology for obtaining in vivo optical spectra relating to the concentration of n analytes at depths to around 330 microns in human tissue, and for determining that concentration from the spectra. The methodology is employable on a wide variety of spectrometric devices, and enables: a real time determination of both surface and reference intensities; a fast, efficient calibration of the spectrometric device; and results in the provision of an analytical parameter which avoids the measurement of the optical path length to enable the extremely accurate calculation of a ratio of concentrations of n analytes in the system under analysis.

摘要翻译： 用于非侵入性地从异质材料获得光谱用于鉴定和定量组成化合物的光谱测定方法。 提供了一种瞬态或稳态地下热梯度光谱方法，用于获得与人体组织深度至330微米处的n种分析物的浓度有关的体内光谱，并用于确定来自光谱的浓度。 该方法可用于各种光谱测量装置，并且能够：实时确定表面和参考强度; 快速，高效地校准光谱仪; 并且导致提供了避免测量光程长度的分析参数，以使得能够非常精确地计算分析系统中的n种分析物的浓度比。

公开(公告)号：US6025597A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-15

申请号：US957309

申请日：1997-10-23

申请人： Bernhard B. Sterling ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Charles E. Kramer ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Rick Trebino ,  Richard King ,  Rogelio O. Herrera

发明人： Bernhard B. Sterling ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Charles E. Kramer ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Rick Trebino ,  Richard King ,  Rogelio O. Herrera

IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/71 ,  G01N25/72

CPC分类号： A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/71 ,  G01N25/72 ,  G01N21/35

摘要： A noninvasive infrared spectrometer which includes an infrared detector system for measuring the intensity, wavelength, and time varying nature of infrared energy emanating from deep layers within a body. Before detection, the energy emanating from deep within the body passes through layers of that body in the presence of a natural or induced thermal gradient. The measured infrared energy is processed into an absorption spectra and then into a concentration of at least one constituent of the body which concentration may be strongly dependent on the depth into the body. In one embodiment the temperature gradient is induced by chilling the surface of the body to provide a clearer indication of the infrared absorption levels of the deeper constituents. Other embodiments describe the sequential or simultaneous heating and cooling of the heterogenous body to induce and capture the transient infrared absorption spectral information.

摘要翻译： 一种非侵入式红外光谱仪，其包括用于测量从体内深层发出的红外能量的强度，波长和时变特性的红外检测器系统。 在检测之前，从身体深处发出的能量在自然或诱导的热梯度存在下通过该身体的各层。 测量的红外能量被加工成吸收光谱，然后被加工成至少一种身体成分的浓度，其浓度可能强烈地依赖于进入体内的深度。 在一个实施方案中，通过冷却身体的表面来诱导温度梯度，以提供更深层次成分的红外吸收水平的更清楚的指示。 其他实施方案描述了异源体的顺序或同时加热和冷却以诱导和捕获瞬时红外吸收光谱信息。

公开(公告)号：US06636753B1

公开(公告)日：2003-10-21

申请号：US09760423

申请日：2001-01-11

申请人： James R. Braig ,  Bernhard B. Sterling ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Joan C. Godfrey ,  Julian Cortella ,  David J. Correia ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Charles E. Kramer

发明人： James R. Braig ,  Bernhard B. Sterling ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Joan C. Godfrey ,  Julian Cortella ,  David J. Correia ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Charles E. Kramer

IPC分类号： A61B500

CPC分类号： A61B5/01 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0286 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J5/061

摘要： A solid-state spectrometer for the non-invasive generation and capture of thermal gradient spectra from human or animal tissue. The spectrometer includes an infrared transmissive thermal mass window for inducing a transient temperature gradient in the tissue by means of conductive heat transfer with the tissue, and cooling means in operative combination with the thermal mass window for cooling the thermal mass window. Also provided is an infrared sensor means for detecting infrared emissions emanating from the tissue as the transient temperature gradient progresses into the tissue, and for providing output signals proportional to the detected infrared emissions. Data capture means is provided for sampling the output signals received from the infrared sensor means as the transient temperature gradient progresses into the tissue.

摘要翻译： 一种用于非侵入性生成和捕获来自人或动物组织的热梯度光谱的固态光谱仪。 光谱仪包括红外透射热质窗口，用于通过与组织的导电热传递来诱导组织中的瞬态温度梯度，以及与用于冷却热质量窗口的热质量窗口可操作组合的冷却装置。 还提供了一种红外传感器装置，用于当瞬态温度梯度进入组织时检测从组织发出的红外辐射，并提供与检测到的红外发射成比例的输出信号。 提供数据捕获装置，用于当瞬态温度梯度进入组织时对从红外传感器装置接收的输出信号进行采样。

公开(公告)号：US06577885B1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-10

申请号：US09663114

申请日：2000-09-15

申请人： James R. Braig ,  Charles E. Kramer ,  Bernhard B. Sterling ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Peng Zheng ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Rick Trebino ,  Richard A. King ,  Casper W. Barnes

发明人： James R. Braig ,  Charles E. Kramer ,  Bernhard B. Sterling ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Peng Zheng ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Rick Trebino ,  Richard A. King ,  Casper W. Barnes

IPC分类号： A61B500

CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 ,  G01N21/35

摘要： A method of determining the analyte concentration of a test sample is described. A temperature gradient is introduced in the test sample and infrared radiation detectors measure radiation at selected analyte absorbance peak and reference wavelengths. Reference and analytical signals are detected. In the presence of the selected analyte, parameter differences between reference and analytical signals are detectable. These parameter differences, having a relationship to analyte concentration, are measured, correlated, and processed to determine analyte concentration in the test sample. Accuracy is enhanced by inducing a periodically modulated temperature gradient in the test sample. The analytical and reference signals may be measured continuously and the parameter difference integrated over the measurement period to determine analyte concentration.

公开(公告)号：US06556850B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-29

申请号：US09663071

申请日：2000-09-15

申请人： James R. Braig ,  Charles E. Kramer ,  Bernhard B. Sterling ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Peng Zheng ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Rick Trebino ,  Richard A. King ,  Casper W. Barnes

发明人： James R. Braig ,  Charles E. Kramer ,  Bernhard B. Sterling ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Peng Zheng ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Rick Trebino ,  Richard A. King ,  Casper W. Barnes

IPC分类号： A61B500

CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 ,  G01N21/35

摘要： A method of determining the analyte concentration of a test sample is described. A temperature gradient is introduced in the test sample and infrared radiation detectors measure radiation at selected analyte absorbance peak and reference wavelengths. Reference and analytical signals are detected. In the presence of the selected analyte, parameter differences between reference and analytical signals are detectable. These parameter differences, having a relationship to analyte concentration, are measured, correlated, and processed to determine analyte concentration in the test sample. Accuracy is enhanced by inducing a periodically modulated temperature gradient in the test sample. The analytical and reference signals may be measured continuously and the parameter difference integrated over the measurement period to determine analyte concentration.

摘要翻译： 描述了确定测试样品的分析物浓度的方法。 在测试样品中引入温度梯度，红外辐射检测器测量所选分析物的吸收峰和参考波长的辐射。 检测参考和分析信号。 在所选分析物的存在下，参考和分析信号之间的参数差异是可检测的。 测量，相关和处理与分析物浓度有关系的这些参数差异，以确定测试样品中的分析物浓度。 通过在测试样品中诱导周期调制的温度梯度来提高精度。 可以连续测量分析和参考信号，并在测量周期内积分参数差异，以确定分析物浓度。

公开(公告)号：US5900632A

公开(公告)日：1999-05-04

申请号：US820378

申请日：1997-03-12

申请人： Bernhard B. Sterling ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Charles E. Kramer ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Rick Trebino ,  Richard A. King

发明人： Bernhard B. Sterling ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Charles E. Kramer ,  Arthur M. Shulenberger ,  Rick Trebino ,  Richard A. King

IPC分类号： G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/71

CPC分类号： A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/01 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/1491 ,  G01N21/71 ,  A61B5/14539 ,  G01N21/35

摘要： Spectrometric methodology for non-invasively obtaining optical spectra from heterogeneous material for the identification and quantification of constituent compounds. There is provided a transient or steady state subsurface thermal gradient spectroscopic methodology for obtaining in vivo optical spectra relating to the concentration of .eta. analytes at depths to around 330 microns in human tissue, and for determining that concentration from the spectra. The methodology is employable on a wide variety of spectrometric devices, and enables: a real time determination of both surface and reference intensities; a fast, efficient calibration of the spectrometric device; and results in the provision of an analytical parameter which avoids the measurement of the optical path length to enable the extremely accurate calculation of a ratio of concentrations of .eta. analytes in the system under analysis.

摘要翻译： 用于非侵入性地从异质材料获得光谱用于鉴定和定量组成化合物的光谱测定方法。 提供了一种瞬态或稳态地下热梯度光谱方法，用于获得与人组织中深度约330微米处的eta分析物的浓度有关的体内光谱，并用于从光谱确定浓度。 该方法可用于各种光谱测量装置，并且能够：实时确定表面和参考强度; 快速，高效地校准光谱仪; 并且导致提供了避免测量光程长度的分析参数，以便能非常准确地计算分析系统中的η值分析物的浓度比。

公开(公告)号：US5615672A

公开(公告)日：1997-04-01

申请号：US353099

申请日：1994-12-09

申请人： James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Bernhard B. Sterling

发明人： James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Bernhard B. Sterling

IPC分类号： G01N33/49 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/1495 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N33/66

CPC分类号： A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/3581

摘要： A method and apparatus for monitoring glucose, ethyl alcohol and other blood constituents in a noninvasive manner. The measurements are made by monitoring infrared absorption of the desired blood constituent in the long infrared wavelength range where the blood constituent has a strong and distinguishable absorption spectrum. The long wavelength infrared energy emitted by the person as heat is monitored and the infrared absorption of particular constituents in the blood (such as glucose or blood alcohol) is measured at characteristic infrared absorption wavelengths for those constituents. The measurements are preferably synchronized with systole and diastole of the cardiac cycle so that the signal contribution caused by veins and tissues (which do not pulse) may be cancelled when a ratio of the detected signals is taken. On the other hand, if no synchronization is provided, the spectrophotometer may measure the arterial, venous and tissue constituent concentrations simultaneously, which may be desired in some circumstances. The internal "blackbody" energy level of an infrared emissions source such as a vascularized appendage prior to glucose absorption is measured and used to compensate temperature dependent effects in the concentration calculation. The internal energy level is then ratioed to the actual measured energy and used to compute the percentage of energy absorbed by the glucose. Discontinuities in the ratio are eliminated by converting the absorption measurements from voltages to watts.

摘要翻译： 一种以非侵入性方式监测葡萄糖，乙醇和其他血液成分的方法和装置。 通过监测血液成分具有强烈且可区分的吸收光谱的长红外波长范围内的所需血液成分的红外吸收来进行测量。 监测由人发射的长波长红外能量作为热，并且对于那些成分在特征红外吸收波长处测量血液中特定成分（如葡萄糖或血液酒精）的红外吸收。 所述测量优选与心动周期的收缩和心律舒张同步，使得当检测到的信号的比率被采取时，可以消除由静脉和组织引起的信号贡献（其不脉冲）。 另一方面，如果不提供同步，则分光光度计可以同时测量动脉，静脉和组织成分浓度，这在某些情况下可能是期望的。 测量红外发射源的内部“黑体”能级，例如葡萄糖吸收之前的血管附着物，并用于补偿浓度计算中的温度依赖性影响。 然后将内部能量水平与实际测量的能量进行比率，并用于计算葡萄糖吸收的能量的百分比。 通过将吸收测量值从电压转换为瓦特来消除比例的不连续性。

公开(公告)号：US07271912B2

公开(公告)日：2007-09-18

申请号：US10825085

申请日：2004-04-15

申请人： Bernhard B. Sterling ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Philip C. Hartstein ,  Robert D. Gaffney

发明人： Bernhard B. Sterling ,  James R. Braig ,  Daniel S. Goldberger ,  Philip C. Hartstein ,  Robert D. Gaffney

IPC分类号： G01N21/00 ,  A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/14546 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/35

摘要： A method determines an analyte concentration in a sample. The sample includes the analyte and a substance. The method includes providing absorption data of the sample. The method further includes providing reference absorption data of the substance. The method further includes calculating a substance contribution of the absorption data. The method further includes subtracting the substance contribution from the absorption data, thereby providing corrected absorption data substantially free of a contribution from the substance.

摘要翻译： 一种方法确定样品中的分析物浓度。 样品包括分析物和物质。 该方法包括提供样品的吸收数据。 该方法还包括提供该物质的参考吸收数据。 该方法还包括计算吸收数据的物质贡献。 该方法还包括从吸收数据中减去物质贡献，由此提供基本上不含该物质贡献的校正吸收数据。