公开(公告)号：US07128029B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-31

申请号：US11264350

申请日：2005-10-20

申请人： Michael Paul ,  Frank Ickinger

发明人： Michael Paul ,  Frank Ickinger

IPC分类号： F02F1/36

CPC分类号： F02F1/40 ,  F01P3/16

摘要： A water-cooled cylinder head is provided for a multicylinder internal-combustion engine having two inlet and outlet valves per cylinder. The cylinder head has a cylinder head cooling space with inflow and outflow openings for the coolant which is integrated in the cylinder head housing and extends above a part-spherical cap forming a combustion chamber volume. Water cooling spaces are formed at least in areas around a receiving opening for a spark plug arranged centrally in the cylinder head housing and around the two outlet valves. The water cooling spaces are mutually connected by way of a common annulus section. At least the common water cooling jacket annulus section has a volume which remains an essentially constant distance from the combustion chamber volume, so that, at least in this area, the wall thickness of the part-spherical combustion chamber cap extends in a uniform manner and to close to the combustion chamber volume.

摘要翻译： 为具有每个气缸两个入口和出口阀的多缸内燃机提供水冷气缸盖。 气缸盖具有气缸盖冷却空间，其具有用于冷却剂的流入和流出开口，其集成在气缸盖壳体中并且在形成燃烧室容积的部分球形盖上方延伸。 至少在位于气缸盖壳体中心并围绕两个出口阀的火花塞接收开口周围的区域中形成水冷空间。 水冷空间通过公共环形部分相互连接。 至少普通的水冷却套管环形部分具有与燃烧室体积保持基本上恒定距离的体积，使得至少在该区域中，部分球形燃烧室盖的壁厚以均匀的方式延伸，并且 以接近燃烧室体积。

公开(公告)号：US07128028B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-31

申请号：US11234110

申请日：2005-09-26

申请人： Michael Paul ,  Frank Ickinger

发明人： Michael Paul ,  Frank Ickinger

IPC分类号： F02F1/36 ,  F02B23/00

CPC分类号： F02F1/242 ,  F02F1/38 ,  F02F1/4214 ,  F02F2007/0063

摘要： A water-cooled cylinder head for a multicylinder internal-combustion engine, has a cylinder head housing which has charge cycle ducts, passage bores for receiving cylinder head screws, valve stem guides for inlet and outlet valves controlling the charge cycle ducts, and part-spherical combustion chamber caps which are bounded by a water cooling jacket on a side facing away from the combustion chamber. One spark plug dome respectively has an opening leading to the combustion chamber of the respective cylinder. For reinforcing the cylinder head housing and/or for supporting the part-spherical combustion chamber caps, a rib structure is integrated in the cylinder head housing.

摘要翻译： 用于多缸内燃机的水冷气缸盖具有气缸盖外壳，其具有充气循环管道，用于接收气缸盖螺钉的通孔，用于控制充电循环管道的入口和出口阀的阀杆引导件， 球形燃烧室盖在面向远离燃烧室的一侧由水冷却套限定。 一个火花塞圆顶分别具有通向相应气缸的燃烧室的开口。 为了加强气缸盖壳体和/或用于支撑部分球形燃烧室盖，肋结构集成在气缸盖壳体中。

公开(公告)号：US5535704A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-16

申请号：US406971

申请日：1995-03-28

申请人： Michael Paul

发明人： Michael Paul

IPC分类号： F01L1/26 ,  F01L13/00 ,  F01L1/18

CPC分类号： F01L1/267

摘要： A valve-actuating mechanism for a multicylinder internal combustion engine has, for each inlet valve of a cylinder, a low engine speed cam and a high engine speed cam. A first rocker arm cooperates with the low engine speed cam and the valve, while a second rocker arm cooperates only with the high engine speed cam and in the high engine speed range can be coupled to the first rocker arm in order to operate the valve in accordance with the contour of the high engine speed cam. The coupling between the first and second rocker arms is effected by means of a piston which can be moved by a pressure medium and which is acted on by the latter only when sufficient time remains to bring the piston into its coupling position before the commencement of the lifting phase of the valve in question.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP93 / 02528 Sec。 371日期：1995年3月28日 102（e）1995年3月28日PCT PCT 1993年9月18日PCT公布。 出版物WO94 / 08129 日期1994年4月14日。用于多缸内燃机的阀致动机构对于气缸的每个进气阀具有低发动机转速凸轮和高发动机转速凸轮。 第一摇臂与低发动机转速凸轮和阀门配合，而第二摇臂仅与高发动机转速凸轮配合，并且在高发动机转速范围内可联接到第一摇臂以便将阀门操作 符合高速发动机转速凸轮的轮廓。 第一和第二摇臂之间的联接通过活塞来实现，该活塞可以由压力介质移动，并且仅在剩余足够的时间使活塞进入其联接位置之前被活塞运动 有关阀门的提升阶段。

公开(公告)号：US5495831A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-05

申请号：US290893

申请日：1994-09-30

申请人： Michael Paul ,  Peter Hubschle ,  Wilhelm Hannibal

发明人： Michael Paul ,  Peter Hubschle ,  Wilhelm Hannibal

IPC分类号： F01L1/26 ,  F01L13/00

CPC分类号： F01L1/265 ,  F01L1/267 ,  F01L13/0036

摘要： An actuating mechanism for three inlet valves of a cylinder of an internal combustion engine has three first rocker arms, each of which actuates an inlet valve and is actuated by a first cam for a lower revolution speed range, and two second rocker arms which are arranged between adjacent first rocker arms and are actuated by second cams for the upper speed range. The first and second rocker arms are coupled in the upper speed range so that the valves are actuated in accordance with the contour of the second cams.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP93 / 00276 Sec。 371日期1994年9月30日 102（e）1994年9月30日PCT PCT 1993年2月5日PCT公布。 公开号WO93 / 17227 日本1993年9月2日。用于内燃机气缸的三个入口阀的致动机构具有三个第一摇臂，每个第一摇臂都致动入口阀，并由第一凸轮致动以用于较低的转速范围， 两个第二摇臂，其布置在相邻的第一摇臂之间并且由用于较高速度范围的第二凸轮致动。 第一和第二摇臂在高速范围内联接，使得阀根据第二凸轮的轮廓被致动。

公开(公告)号：US5474037A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-12

申请号：US255060

申请日：1994-06-07

申请人： Michael Paul

发明人： Michael Paul

IPC分类号： F01L1/18 ,  F01L1/26 ,  F01L1/12

CPC分类号： F01L1/267 ,  F01L1/185

摘要： A valve train with a variable valve timing mechanism for at least one intake or exhaust valve E has a cam shaft with a low-speed cam and a high-speed cam. A first rocker lever interacts with the low-speed cam and the valve E. A second rocker lever interacts with the high-speed cam and can be connected to the first rocker lever via a coupling pin. To press the second rocker lever against its cam, a spring system is provided and this is formed by at least one spring, which, during the base circle phase, rests in a prestressed state directly or indirectly against a fixed stop and the rocker lever is thus relieved of load in order to reduce friction and wear.

摘要翻译： 具有用于至少一个进气门或排气门E的可变气门正时机构的气门机构具有带有低速凸轮和高速凸轮的凸轮轴。 第一摇杆与低速凸轮和阀E相互作用。第二摇臂与高速凸轮相互作用，并可通过连接销与第一摇杆连接。 为了将第二摇臂杆压靠其凸轮，提供弹簧系统，并且其由至少一个弹簧形成，该弹簧在基圆相位期间以预紧的状态直接或间接地靠在固定止动件上，并且摇杆是 从而减轻了负荷，以减少摩擦和磨损。

公开(公告)号：US20160052713A1

公开(公告)日：2016-02-25

申请号：US14830152

申请日：2015-08-19

申请人： Michael Paul

发明人： Michael Paul

IPC分类号： B65F1/06 ,  B65F1/14

CPC分类号： B65F1/068 ,  B65F1/1468 ,  B65F1/1615 ,  B65F1/1646 ,  B65F2001/1676

摘要： A trash can device for assisting a user in lifting and removing a trash can liner from a trash can. The device includes a container having a base, one or more sidewalls, and an open upper end. The device further includes an interior volume in which a trash can liner can be placed. The sidewalls comprise an upper end and a lower end. The lower end of at least one sidewall includes one or more recessed foot supports that serve as footholds, allowing the user to hold the trash can in place with his or her foot while removing the trash can liner therefrom. The device further includes a lid removably attached to the open upper end of the container so to conceal the garbage therein and one or more handles permanently affixed to the sidewalls to allow the user to lift or move the device.

摘要翻译： 一种垃圾桶装置，用于帮助用户从垃圾桶提起和移除垃圾桶衬里。 该装置包括具有底座，一个或多个侧壁和敞开的上端的容器。 该装置还包括其中可以放置垃圾桶衬里的内部容积。 侧壁包括上端和下端。 至少一个侧壁的下端包括一个或多个用作足够支脚的凹入脚支撑，允许使用者将垃圾桶用脚或脚移动，同时从其移除垃圾桶衬垫。 该装置还包括可移除地附接到容器的敞开的上端的盖子，以便将垃圾隐藏在其中，并且一个或多个手柄永久地固定在侧壁上，以允许使用者抬起或移动该装置。

公开(公告)号：US07618251B2

公开(公告)日：2009-11-17

申请号：US11883566

申请日：2005-11-03

申请人： Uwe Steiner ,  Karl-Jürgen Kasemann ,  Michael Paul

发明人： Uwe Steiner ,  Karl-Jürgen Kasemann ,  Michael Paul

IPC分类号： A23P1/10

CPC分类号： A23G9/28 ,  A23G1/0066 ,  A23G1/206 ,  A23G3/0008 ,  A23G3/0027 ,  A23G3/021 ,  A23G3/0257 ,  A23G9/288

摘要： The invention relates to a device for processing an edible product in the form a viscous to pasty mass (1), especially an edible product based on a fat mass, such as chocolate, or based on water, such as ice cream. Said device comprises a dosing unit (2) for the dosed delivery of a specific volume of the mass (1) to shaping units (13). The movement of the displacement element (6) determining the dosage volume is performed via servo drive (9) while an inlet (4) and an outlet (5) are closed and opened via servo drive or pneumatic drive, respectively. Preferably, the displacement element is embodied as a combined lifting/rotating plunger (6) which can perform a linear movement for a suctioning lift and a dosing lift while being able to perform a rotary movement for opening and closing the inlet (4) and the outlet (5), i.e. a valve function.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于加工形式为粘性至糊状物质（1）的可食用产品的装置，特别是基于脂肪块（例如巧克力）或基于水（例如冰淇淋）的食用产品。 所述装置包括用于将特定体积的质量（1）定量输送到成型单元（13）的计量单元（2）。 通过伺服驱动器（9），通过伺服驱动器或气动驱动器分别关闭和打开入口（4）和出口（5），确定剂量体积的位移元件（6）的运动。 优选地，位移元件被实施为组合的提升/旋转柱塞（6），其可以执行用于抽吸提升和定量提升的线性运动，同时能够执行旋转运动以打开和关闭入口（4）和 出口（5），即阀门功能。

公开(公告)号：US20080307979A1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-18

申请号：US11919022

申请日：2006-02-06

申请人： Heinz Gasser ,  Gunter Schenk ,  Michael Paul

发明人： Heinz Gasser ,  Gunter Schenk ,  Michael Paul

IPC分类号： A23L1/48

CPC分类号： A23G1/0066 ,  A23G1/206 ,  A23G7/00 ,  A23G9/28

摘要： The invention relates to a device for processing an edible product in the form of a viscous to pasty mass, in particular, an edible product based on a fatty mass, such as chocolate, or based on water, such as ice cream. Said device comprises dosing units (D1, D2) for the dosed supply of a specific volume of the mass to a bearing surface. Said dosing units (D1, D2) comprise, respectively, a dosing piston (4) which is mounted in a piston chamber, whereby the dosing piston (4) moves at least in a rotational manner about the piston axis thereof (A1). A first plurality of dosing units (D1) are arranged on a first plane, and a second plurality of dosing units (D2) are arranged on a second plane. The dosing piston (4) of the dosing units (D1), which are arranged on the first plane (D1), are rotationally driven by means of a first drive element (7; 16), and the dosing piston (4) of the dosing units (D2), which are arranged on the second plane, are rotationally driven by means of a second drive element (8; 16).

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于处理粘性至糊状物质形式的可食用产品的装置，特别是基于脂肪物质如巧克力或基于水的可食用产品，例如冰淇淋。 所述装置包括用于将质量的特定体积的剂量供应到支承表面的计量单元（D1，D2）。 所述计量单元（D1，D2）分别包括安装在活塞室中的计量活塞（4），由此计量活塞（4）至少以其旋转方式围绕其活塞轴线（A1）移动。 第一多个配量单元（D1）布置在第一平面上，并且第二多个计量单元（D2）布置在第二平面上。 设置在第一平面（D1）上的计量单元（D1）的计量活塞（4）通过第一驱动元件（7; 16）旋转地驱动，并且定量给料活塞（4） 布置在第二平面上的配量单元（D2）通过第二驱动元件（8; 16）被旋转地驱动。

公开(公告)号：US20080145926A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-19

申请号：US11794234

申请日：2005-12-22

申请人： Franz Kugelmann ,  Paul Hengster ,  Raimund Margreiter ,  Bernd Nederlof ,  Massimo Fini ,  Ciro Tetta ,  Thomas Wild ,  Micaela Yakubovich ,  Michael Paul ,  Marco Caronna

发明人： Franz Kugelmann ,  Paul Hengster ,  Raimund Margreiter ,  Bernd Nederlof ,  Massimo Fini ,  Ciro Tetta ,  Thomas Wild ,  Micaela Yakubovich ,  Michael Paul ,  Marco Caronna

IPC分类号： C12M1/08

CPC分类号： C12M23/24 ,  C12M23/28 ,  C12M25/10 ,  C12M27/10 ,  C12M27/14

摘要： This invention relates to a reactor unit with a first chamber and a second chamber, wherein the first chamber is formed by the interior of a housing and wherein the second chamber is formed by the interior of a plurality of hollow fibers arranged in the housing. The hollow fibers are arranged in the housing such that their density in at least one region of the first chamber does not exceed 10 fibers/mm2, based on the cross-sectional area of the first chamber. In accordance with another aspect of the invention it is provided that in the reactor unit two casting compounds are arranged, in which a portion of the hollow fibers is embedded and between which another portion of the hollow fibers extends, wherein the length of at least some or all hollow fibers is at least 0.5% greater than the distance of the casting compounds.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有第一室和第二室的反应器单元，其中第一室由壳体的内部形成，并且其中第二室由布置在壳体中的多个中空纤维的内部形成。 中空纤维布置在壳体中，使得它们在第一腔室的至少一个区域中的密度基于第一腔室的横截面面积不超过10根纤维/ mm 2。 根据本发明的另一方面，提供了在反应器单元中，布置两个铸造化合物，其中中空纤维的一部分被嵌入，并且在另一部分中空纤维之间延伸，其中至少一些中空纤维的长度 或所有中空纤维比铸造化合物的距离大至少0.5％。

公开(公告)号：US20080026949A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-31

申请号：US11770074

申请日：2007-06-28

申请人： John Hoidal ,  Mary Scholand ,  Mark Leppert ,  Michael Paul ,  Robert Gritz ,  Joel Pounds ,  Richard Smith

发明人： John Hoidal ,  Mary Scholand ,  Mark Leppert ,  Michael Paul ,  Robert Gritz ,  Joel Pounds ,  Richard Smith

IPC分类号： C40B20/08 ,  C40B30/00 ,  C40B40/10

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6883 ,  G01N33/6848 ,  G01N2800/122 ,  G06F19/18

摘要： Methods are disclosed for generating and isolating an informative content repository of respiratory related biomarkers to accurately determine whether an individual has normal or abnormal pulmonary function. Specifically, methods are directed to determination of whether individuals have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and if so, whether the affected individuals experience rapid long decline or slow lung decline as a result of COPD. Also disclosed is an informative content repository of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease biomarkers, which when linked with other informative content provides a powerful tool for diagnosis, study, therapeutic discovery and development, condition management, health maintenance, and linking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through pattern of life style, environmental exposure, and genetic susceptibility and inheritance. Disclosed herein is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease biomarker informative content repository comprising at least one COPD biomarker, apparatus and methods to diagnose, assess, address, and ameliorate related conditions.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于产生和分离呼吸相关生物标志物的信息内容库的方法，以准确地确定个体是否具有正常或异常的肺功能。 具体来说，方法是针对确定个体是否患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病，如果是，受影响的个体是否经历COPD的快速长期衰退或肺缓慢缓慢。 还披露了慢性阻塞性肺疾病生物标志物的信息内容库，当与其他信息内容联系时，通过模式的方式为诊断，研究，治疗发现和发展，病症管理，健康维持和慢性阻塞性肺疾病连接提供了强大的工具 生活方式，环境暴露和遗传易感性和遗传。 本文公开了一种慢性阻塞性肺疾病生物标志物信息内容库，其包含至少一种COPD生物标志物，用于诊断，评估，解决和改善相关病症的装置和方法。