摘要:
A semiconductor device comprises: a p-type semiconductor substrate (1); an insulating film (3); a gate electrode (2) formed on the substrate via the insulating film; and an n-type source/drain region (5) formed on both sides of a channel forming region (4) located under the gate electrode (2) formed on the substrate (1). In particular, the thickness (TOX) of the insulating film (3) is determined to be less than 2.5 nm at conversion rate of silicon oxide film (silicon oxide equivalent thickness); a gate length (Lg) of the gate electrode (2) is determined to be equal to or less than 0.3 &mgr;m; and further a voltage applied to the gate electrode (2) and the drain region (6) is determined to be 1.5 V or less. Therefore, in the MOSFET having the tunneling gate oxide film (3), the reliability of the transistor under the hot carrier stress can be improved, and the gate leakage current can be reduced markedly, so that the transistor characteristics can be improved markedly.
摘要:
According to a waste water treatment method and apparatus of the present invention, a permeable sheet 3 is fed into a treatment tank 2 in which a stream is formed. The waste water, which flows downstream, is caused to pass through the permeable sheet 3, while the permeable sheet 3 travels in the treatment tank 2 so as to traverse the surface of the waste water on a downstream side in the flowing direction of the waste water. Therefore, not only the sludge in the waste water but also the oily substances floating in the waste water can be collected and removed because they cling to the permeable sheet 3 and are gathered by it. As a result, a waste water treatment tank 2 and the like can be maintained in a usable state for a long time. In addition, there can be obtained a treated water to which microbial treatment can be applied.
摘要:
In floating substance removing, collecting and treating method and apparatus capable of securely separating and collecting floating substances floating on a water surface without adversely affecting an ecological system regardless of the type and state of the floating substances, a permeable sheet 4 is successively or intermittently moved through a drive unit 5 so as to traverse the treating water P taken from an intake port 3 and at the same time the treating water P is forcibly moved relatively to the permeable sheet 4. Accordingly, floating substances F on the water surface can be effectively collected by being deposited on and separated from the permeable sheet 4, whereby filtered clean water can be obtained.
摘要:
A liquid crystal device is constituted by a chiral smectic liquid crystal and a pair of substrates sandwiching the chiral smectic liquid crystal therebetween and each having thereon an electrode for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal. At least one of the substrates being provided with an alignment control film comprising a specific aromatic polyimide which has been subjected to a uniaxial aligning treatment. The chiral smectic liquid crystal assumes bistability in a chiral smectic temperature range when incorporated in a test cell which is not provided with an alignment control film and has been subjected to shearing treatment. In the liquid crystal device including the polyimide alignment control film, the chiral smectic liquid crystal at least has a voltage-transmittance characteristic such that an effective tilt angle and a transmittance continuously change depending on an electric field applied thereto.
摘要:
A data processor testing apparatus, in which, in an access instruction executing section, an instruction string to be tested for access to cache memories as an object for execution is previously prepared, access data on a memory is set in an instruction cache memory and operand cache memory according to the instruction string to be tested, and in a BI control section, the access data set as described above is invalidated with the BI signal when the access data set in the operand cache memory is data for an address previously decided as an object for invalidation on the memory, and determination is made by a comparison control section as to whether a result of invalidation is acceptable or not.
摘要:
An original reading apparatus includes an original feeding unit for feeding the front and back sides of two-side originals in succession to a reading position, a reader unit for reading the original in the reading position, a memory unit for storing the image data of the original read by the reader unit, a read-out unit adapted to read the image data from the memory unit in the continuous order of pages, in case of reading a bundle of originals wherein the pages are so arranged that a side of the original bears the images of N-th and first pages and the other side of the original bears the images of (N-1)-th and second pages, and an output unit for successively outputting or transmitting the image data read by the read-out unit.
摘要:
A semiconductor device comprising a conductive layer and an amorphous alloy layer formed on the bottom surface of said conductive layer and acting as a barrier layer. The conductive layer is either an electrode layer or a wiring layer. The amorphous alloy layer is made of a matrix phase and microcrystal grains. The matrix phase consists mainly of a Ti--Si--N amorphous alloy. The microcrystal grains are dispersed in the matrix phase, not continuously arranged in the direction of thickness of the amorphous alloy layer.
摘要:
A host computer 104 at a remote administrative site receives a jam code and the number of accumulated copies made from a photocopier 100 at which jamming has occurred, an accumulated jam curve is calculated based on the received data, a certain filtering process is performed, the risk of jamming is estimated based on the filter output and a membership function between the filter value and risk, thus judging whether or not to visit the user.
摘要:
A screw-in-plunger injection apparatus is provided which is advantageously used for molding either a large-size or a small-size product. The injection apparatus is capable of selectively carrying out a plunger-type injection operation and an inline-screw-type injection operation. In the plunger-type injection operation, an injection plunger 12 and a screw 10 are advanced in an injection cylinder 14, so that a melted resin fed to a storage space provided on the side of one axial end of the injection plunger 12 is injected. In the inline-screw-type injection operation, a surface of the axial end of the injection plunger 12 is held in abutment with the injection cylinder 14, so that the storage space is reduced to provide a reduced storage space to and from which the melted resin is fed by the rotation of the screw and is injected by the movement of the screw in an axial direction thereof.
摘要:
A reading apparatus includes an image reader for reading a sheet original positioned at a reading position and an automatic original conveyor for supplying the sheet original onto the reading position, wherein the sheet original can be read through an image flow reading mode while the sheet original is being conveyed by the automatic original conveyor by fixing the image reader at any position. The apparatus also has a convey path for directing the sheet original to the reading position, and a controller for initiating conveyance of the sheet original waiting at a predetermined position in the convey path in response to a flow reading mode start signal during the image flow reading mode and for initiating the image flow reading mode by outputting an image tip signal when a tip end of the sheet original reaches a flow reading image tip position.